BACKFIRING
AGNIS
STIBE
MIT MEDIA LAB
BRIAN
CUGELMAN
ALTERSPARK
PERSUASIVE
TRIGGER
BEHAVIOR CHANGE
INTERVENTIONS
OUTCOMES
UNINTENDED
NEGATIVE
INTENDED	
UNINTENDED	
NEGATIVE	 POSITIVE
TARGET
BEHAVIOR
INTENDED	
UNINTENDED	
NEGATIVE	 POSITIVE
SURPRISE
BEHAVIOR
TARGET
BEHAVIOR
INTENDED	
UNINTENDED	
NEGATIVE	 POSITIVE
SURPRISE
BEHAVIOR
DARK
PATTERNS
TARGET
BEHAVIOR
INTENDED	
UNINTENDED	
NEGATIVE	 POSITIVE
SURPRISE
BEHAVIOR
DARK
PATTERNS
TARGET
BEHAVIOR
BACKFIRING
INTENDED	
UNINTENDED	
NEGATIVE	 POSITIVE
POSITIVE	
OUTCOME	
NEGATIVE	
OUTCOME	
INTENDED	
UNINTENDED	
MAJOR	
SEVERITY	
MINOR	
SEVERITY	
HIGH	
LIKELIHOOD	
LOW	
LIKELIHOOD	
BACKFIRING	
DARK	
PATTERNS	
TARGET	
BEHAVIOR	
SURPRISE	
BEHAVIOR
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
		
		
	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
		
	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
		
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
POOR JUDGMENT
Mistailoring	
		
		
		
		
		
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
POOR JUDGMENT
Mistailoring	
MistargeMng	
		
		
		
		
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
POOR JUDGMENT
Mistailoring	
MistargeMng	
Misdiagnosing	
		
		
		
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
POOR JUDGMENT
Mistailoring	
MistargeMng	
Misdiagnosing	
MisanMcipaMng	
		
		
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
POOR JUDGMENT
Mistailoring	
MistargeMng	
Misdiagnosing	
MisanMcipaMng	
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
AnM-Modeling	
		
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
FINEPRINT FALLACY
Overemphasizing	
	
PERSONALITY RESPONSES
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
	
CREDIBILITY DAMAGE
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking	
INEXPERIENCE
Superficializing
POOR JUDGMENT
Mistailoring	
MistargeMng	
Misdiagnosing	
MisanMcipaMng	
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
AnM-Modeling	
Reverse	Norming	
LOW	LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	LIKELIHOOD	
MAJOR	SEVERITY	 MINOR	SEVERITY
AC
BD
MINOR	
SEVERITY	
MAJOR	
SEVERITY	
LOW	
LIKELIHOOD	
HIGH	
LIKELIHOOD	
Poor	Judgment	
Mistailoring	
MistargeMng	
Misdiagnosing	
MisanMcipaMng	
Social	Psychology	
AnM-Modeling	
Reverse	Norming	
Personality	Responses	
Defiance	Arousing	
Self-Licensing	
Fineprint	Fallacy	
Overemphasizing	
Inexperience	
Superficializing	
Credibility	Damage	
Self-DiscrediMng	
Message	Hijacking
FUTURE BEHAVIOR
PRESENT BEHAVIOR
TARGET GROUP
APPRECIATE	
UNNECESARY	FAIL	
Self-Contained	 January	1st	 Self-Driven
@agsM	
CT
Competition
SL
Social
learning
SC
Social
comparison
CR
Cooperation
NI
Normative
influence
SF
Social
facilitation
RE
Recognition
INVOLVEMENT	
ENGAGEMENT	
PARTICIPATION
PERSUASIVE
Change	 Care	 Social	Engineering	
SMART
Classify	 Understand	 Big	Data	
SENSIBLE
Read	 Feel	 Sensor	Networks
AGNIS@MIT.EDU

Persuasive Backfiring: When Behavior Change Interventions Trigger Unintended Negative Outcomes