Slides on the future of healthcare, entitled "Personalized Medicine: Are we there yet?" form a lecture given by Reid Robison, MD MBA at Brigham Young University in the College of Life Sciences in December 2014. The presentation covers the arrival of genome-guided precision medicine as well as the digital health movement and the shift towards a patient-centric, consumer-driven healthcare system.
With recent advances in Healthcare, Personalized medicine has become a buzzword. The customization of health care, based on DNA sequencing, patient's environmental information, can lead to more efficient treatments.
By integrating various sources of data, personalized medicine improves all aspects of healthcare from prevention to monitoring.
The global precision medicine market has benefitted greatly from advancements in the life science industry. Although in its nascent stage, targeted therapies hold high chances of becoming a massive success in the coming years because of the potential to treat and cure chronic illnesses. The market is thus expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.60% between 2018 and 2023, generating USD 88.25 Bn in revenue by 2023.
A slide series to learn and appreciate the importance and the potential of Personalized/Individualized Genomic Medicine. It briefly goes through the idea of biotechnology and the advancements we have made in biology and technology. A series of applications for genomic medicine is then explored, not failing to mention the challenges we have to overcome as well, for the next medical revolution.
A case for personalized medicine is presented.
MT115 Precision Medicine: Integrating genomics to enable better patient outcomesDell EMC World
"The emergence of genomics and real-time screening is helping to transform the practice of medicine as we know it today. New technologies present improved ways to tackle health issues and what was once thought to be “untouchable” due to cost, timing or resources, is now achievable through genetic screenings and genome sequencing.
During this session, we will explore:
1. The benefits of incorporating a genomics strategy early in lifeline
2. The Precision Medicine Initiative – how does this help? Does this encourage more people to get genetic screenings?
3. What’s involved in a genetic screening
"
Please share this webinar with anyone who may be interested!
Watch all our webinars: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4dDQscmFYu_ezxuxnAE61hx4JlqAKXpR
Cancer care is increasingly tailored to individual patients, who can undergo genetic or biomarker testing soon after diagnosis, to determine which treatments have the best chance of shrinking or eliminating tumours.
In this webinar, a pathologist and clinical oncologist discuss:
● how they are using these new tests,
● how they communicate results and treatment options to patients and caregivers, and
● how patients can be better informed on the kinds of tests that are in development or in use across Canada
View the video: https://youtu.be/_Wai_uMQKEQ
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With recent advances in Healthcare, Personalized medicine has become a buzzword. The customization of health care, based on DNA sequencing, patient's environmental information, can lead to more efficient treatments.
By integrating various sources of data, personalized medicine improves all aspects of healthcare from prevention to monitoring.
The global precision medicine market has benefitted greatly from advancements in the life science industry. Although in its nascent stage, targeted therapies hold high chances of becoming a massive success in the coming years because of the potential to treat and cure chronic illnesses. The market is thus expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.60% between 2018 and 2023, generating USD 88.25 Bn in revenue by 2023.
A slide series to learn and appreciate the importance and the potential of Personalized/Individualized Genomic Medicine. It briefly goes through the idea of biotechnology and the advancements we have made in biology and technology. A series of applications for genomic medicine is then explored, not failing to mention the challenges we have to overcome as well, for the next medical revolution.
A case for personalized medicine is presented.
MT115 Precision Medicine: Integrating genomics to enable better patient outcomesDell EMC World
"The emergence of genomics and real-time screening is helping to transform the practice of medicine as we know it today. New technologies present improved ways to tackle health issues and what was once thought to be “untouchable” due to cost, timing or resources, is now achievable through genetic screenings and genome sequencing.
During this session, we will explore:
1. The benefits of incorporating a genomics strategy early in lifeline
2. The Precision Medicine Initiative – how does this help? Does this encourage more people to get genetic screenings?
3. What’s involved in a genetic screening
"
Please share this webinar with anyone who may be interested!
Watch all our webinars: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4dDQscmFYu_ezxuxnAE61hx4JlqAKXpR
Cancer care is increasingly tailored to individual patients, who can undergo genetic or biomarker testing soon after diagnosis, to determine which treatments have the best chance of shrinking or eliminating tumours.
In this webinar, a pathologist and clinical oncologist discuss:
● how they are using these new tests,
● how they communicate results and treatment options to patients and caregivers, and
● how patients can be better informed on the kinds of tests that are in development or in use across Canada
View the video: https://youtu.be/_Wai_uMQKEQ
Follow our social media accounts:
Twitter - https://twitter.com/survivornetca
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/CanadianSurvivorNet
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/survivornetwork
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/user/Survivornetca
Precision Medicine: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical TrialsMedpace
The momentum and muscle behind "finding the right drug for the right patient at the right dose" has further escalated with President Barack Obama’s announcement of a $215 million dollar Precision Medicine Initiative earlier this year. In this webinar, Dr. Frank Smith will explore advances in precision medicine and how it is affecting clinical research. As a pediatric hematologist/oncologist, he will use his extensive clinical and research background as a backdrop for the discussion.
Topics will include:
The evolution of "personalized medicine" to "precision medicine"
How state-of-the-art molecular biology is creating new diagnostic and prognostic strategies
How these new strategies are helping inform the design of clinical trials
Case study: How precision medicine is improving clinical trials in hematology and oncology
The Obama Administration’s $215 million bet on precision medicine earlier this year marked a milestone in the effort to use patients’ genetic information to tailor treatment to disease. As the number of effective targeted therapies grows, more patients are being assessed for genetic variations; indeed, some experts believe that sequencing a patient’s genome will soon be standard procedure. But as hospitals are discovering, the costs involved with targeted approaches are enormous – not to mention the logistics, ethics, and complexities of such a momentous shift. Still, some hospitals have established footholds, particularly in cancer.
This panel will explore the promise and perils of precision medicine.
Precision Medicine is now a funded NIH initiative and an organic movement in the clinic and at the research institute. Based on work with Genomics England, multiple large pharmaceutical firms, and research hospitals, attendees will learn about the best practices for epidemiology, signal detection, research, and the clinical diagnostics associated with Precision Medicine, including the development of high-scale bio-repositories that link traditional patient data with genomic information. Come hear about how leadership, collaboration, consent, and compute can lead to success or failure in your Precision Medicine initiative, and how to bring your stakeholders together for an aligned mission response.
Personalized Medicine – From Theory to Practice as presented by keynote speaker Ralph Snyderman, MD; Director of the Center for Research on Prospective Health Care, James B. Duke Professor of Medicine, Chancellor Emeritus, Duke University
2015 09-14 Precision Medicine 2015, London, Alain van GoolAlain van Gool
Outline of my view hoe personalized health(care) is more than just targeted medicines, also including personal motivation and actions towards disease prevention. It also outlines 4 key factors that should be in order for optimal personalized health(care): 1. start with patients first, 2. Accelerate translation research to application, 3. Copy best practice, 4. Spread the word.
From Bits to Bedside: Translating Big Data into Precision Medicine and Digita...Dexter Hadley
Lecture Objectives:
1) To use examples from my research to define and introduce the ideals of precision medicine and digital health. 2) To introduce how large scale population-wide analysis of data can be used to facilitate these two ideals. 3) To introduce how freely available open data can be used to facilitate these two ideals. 4) To show how mobile technology can be used to facilitate these two ideals.
Evaluation of comorbid autoimmune diseases among patients and family members enrolled in the Alopecia
Areata Registry, Biobank & Clinical Trials Network.
The maturation of genomic technologies has enabled new
discoveries in disease pathogenesis as well as new approaches to patient care.
In pediatric oncology, patients may now receive individualized genomic analysis to identify molecular aberrations of relevance for diagnosis and/or treatment.
Several recent clinical studies have begun to explore the feasibility and utility of genomics-driven precision medicine.
The reality of moving towards precision medicineElia Stupka
How do we move towards precision medicine? How can we deliver on the big data in health promise? Who will be the enablers and players? Pharma, Big Tech, or newcomers?
Computational challenges in precision medicine and genomicsGary Bader
Genomics is mapping complex data about human biology and promises major medical advances. In particular, genomics is enabling precision medicine, the use of a patient's genome and physiological state to improve therapeutic efficacy and outcome. However, routine use of genomics data in medical research is in its infancy, due mainly to the challenges of working with "Big data". These data are so complex and large that typical researchers are not able to cope with them. Collectively, these data require an understanding of many aspects of experimental biology and medicine to correctly process and interpret. Data size is also an issue, as individual researchers may need to handle tens of terabytes (genomes from a few hundred patients), which is challenging to download and store on typical workstations. To effectively support precision medicine, scientists from a wide range of disciplines, including computer science, must develop algorithms to improve precision medicine (e.g. diagnostics and prognostics), genome interpretation, raw data processing and secure high performance computing.
Precision Medicine: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical TrialsMedpace
The momentum and muscle behind "finding the right drug for the right patient at the right dose" has further escalated with President Barack Obama’s announcement of a $215 million dollar Precision Medicine Initiative earlier this year. In this webinar, Dr. Frank Smith will explore advances in precision medicine and how it is affecting clinical research. As a pediatric hematologist/oncologist, he will use his extensive clinical and research background as a backdrop for the discussion.
Topics will include:
The evolution of "personalized medicine" to "precision medicine"
How state-of-the-art molecular biology is creating new diagnostic and prognostic strategies
How these new strategies are helping inform the design of clinical trials
Case study: How precision medicine is improving clinical trials in hematology and oncology
The Obama Administration’s $215 million bet on precision medicine earlier this year marked a milestone in the effort to use patients’ genetic information to tailor treatment to disease. As the number of effective targeted therapies grows, more patients are being assessed for genetic variations; indeed, some experts believe that sequencing a patient’s genome will soon be standard procedure. But as hospitals are discovering, the costs involved with targeted approaches are enormous – not to mention the logistics, ethics, and complexities of such a momentous shift. Still, some hospitals have established footholds, particularly in cancer.
This panel will explore the promise and perils of precision medicine.
Precision Medicine is now a funded NIH initiative and an organic movement in the clinic and at the research institute. Based on work with Genomics England, multiple large pharmaceutical firms, and research hospitals, attendees will learn about the best practices for epidemiology, signal detection, research, and the clinical diagnostics associated with Precision Medicine, including the development of high-scale bio-repositories that link traditional patient data with genomic information. Come hear about how leadership, collaboration, consent, and compute can lead to success or failure in your Precision Medicine initiative, and how to bring your stakeholders together for an aligned mission response.
Personalized Medicine – From Theory to Practice as presented by keynote speaker Ralph Snyderman, MD; Director of the Center for Research on Prospective Health Care, James B. Duke Professor of Medicine, Chancellor Emeritus, Duke University
2015 09-14 Precision Medicine 2015, London, Alain van GoolAlain van Gool
Outline of my view hoe personalized health(care) is more than just targeted medicines, also including personal motivation and actions towards disease prevention. It also outlines 4 key factors that should be in order for optimal personalized health(care): 1. start with patients first, 2. Accelerate translation research to application, 3. Copy best practice, 4. Spread the word.
From Bits to Bedside: Translating Big Data into Precision Medicine and Digita...Dexter Hadley
Lecture Objectives:
1) To use examples from my research to define and introduce the ideals of precision medicine and digital health. 2) To introduce how large scale population-wide analysis of data can be used to facilitate these two ideals. 3) To introduce how freely available open data can be used to facilitate these two ideals. 4) To show how mobile technology can be used to facilitate these two ideals.
Evaluation of comorbid autoimmune diseases among patients and family members enrolled in the Alopecia
Areata Registry, Biobank & Clinical Trials Network.
The maturation of genomic technologies has enabled new
discoveries in disease pathogenesis as well as new approaches to patient care.
In pediatric oncology, patients may now receive individualized genomic analysis to identify molecular aberrations of relevance for diagnosis and/or treatment.
Several recent clinical studies have begun to explore the feasibility and utility of genomics-driven precision medicine.
The reality of moving towards precision medicineElia Stupka
How do we move towards precision medicine? How can we deliver on the big data in health promise? Who will be the enablers and players? Pharma, Big Tech, or newcomers?
Computational challenges in precision medicine and genomicsGary Bader
Genomics is mapping complex data about human biology and promises major medical advances. In particular, genomics is enabling precision medicine, the use of a patient's genome and physiological state to improve therapeutic efficacy and outcome. However, routine use of genomics data in medical research is in its infancy, due mainly to the challenges of working with "Big data". These data are so complex and large that typical researchers are not able to cope with them. Collectively, these data require an understanding of many aspects of experimental biology and medicine to correctly process and interpret. Data size is also an issue, as individual researchers may need to handle tens of terabytes (genomes from a few hundred patients), which is challenging to download and store on typical workstations. To effectively support precision medicine, scientists from a wide range of disciplines, including computer science, must develop algorithms to improve precision medicine (e.g. diagnostics and prognostics), genome interpretation, raw data processing and secure high performance computing.
Going Beyond Genomics in Precision Medicine: What's NextHealth Catalyst
Precision medicine processes, while involving genomics, are not confined to working with data about an individual’s genes, environment, and lifestyle. Precision medicine also means putting patients on the right path of care, taking into consideration other individual tolerances, such as participation and cost. Precision medicine processes incorporate data beyond the individual, pulling in socio-economic data, as well as relevant internal and external data, to create an entire patient data ecosystem. With reusable data modules, this information is processed within a closed-loop analytics framework to facilitate clinical decision making at the point of care. This optimizes clinical workflow, thus leading to more precise medicine.
From “Big Data” to Digital Medicine--PYA Explores Innovations in HealthcarePYA, P.C.
With reform in healthcare and advancements in technology, the future of medicine is in a state of flux. What it all means can be heard in discussions from coast-to-coast, in the halls of hospitals, at conferences, and in board rooms.
Among the thought leaders who have broached this timely subject is PYA Principal Kent Bottles, MD, who is also PYA Analytics’ Chief Medical Officer. He recently spoke at The North American Menopause Society Annual Meeting on the topic: “The Perils and Prospects of Practicing Medicine in a Digital Era.”
Why Precision Medicine and Personalized Healthcare and Why Now? Links to Canada’s Rare Disease Strategy The Future is Now
1) Marc LePage, Genome Canada
2) Michael Duong, Roche
3) Danica Stanimirovic, National Research Council
4) Daniel Gaudet, University of Montreal
5) Christine Dalgleish, Patient Perspective
6) Jamie Bruce, Khure Health
This presentation was delivered at a Nesta Hot Topics event – Our Genomic Future – where we discussed what would happen if we all had our genome sequenced. For more on the event visit http://www.nesta.org.uk/event/our-genomic-future
Emerging Technologies and Tools in Precision Medicine ResearchClinosolIndia
Precision medicine has witnessed significant advancements with the integration of emerging technologies and innovative tools. This abstract explores the current landscape of precision medicine research, focusing on the role of cutting-edge technologies and tools in revolutionizing healthcare approaches.
Presentation "The Impact of All Data on Healthcare"
Keith Perry
Associate VP & Deputy CIO
UT MD Anderson Cancer Center
With continuing advancement in both technology and medicine, the drive is on to make all data meaningful to drive medical discovery and create actionable outcomes. With tools and capabilities to capture more data than ever before, the challenge becomes linking existing structured and unstructured clinical data with genomic data to increase the industry’s analytical footprint.
Learning Objectives:
∙ Discuss the need to make all data meaningful in order to speed discovery of new knowledge
∙ Provide examples of an analytical direction that supports evolution in medicine
∙ Expose the challenges facing the industry with respect to ~omits
We can aid decision making from the pre-clinical to the clinical setting, supporting line of sight to the clinic, by identifying and translating crucial biomarker approaches into the real world.
Expanded version of a short panel presentation on the subject of mHealth. My point was that mHealth has meaning only in the larger context of an important reality: the best quality care depends on having the best information, so THAT is what we need to be thinking about.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
As we watch Dr. Greene's continued efforts and research in Arizona, it's clear that stem cell therapy holds a promising key to unlocking new doors in the treatment of kidney disease. With each study and trial, we step closer to a world where kidney disease is no longer a life sentence but a treatable condition, thanks to pioneers like Dr. David Greene.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
5. What is happening in healthcare?
• Cancer moved from a single disease to hundreds of specific
diseases
• Medicine moves from targeting symptoms to targeting
causes
• Healthcare moved from defining diseases by organ system
to defining them by mutations and networks
• Genome sequencing moves to the clinic
• Data science is transforming healthcare
6. Digital health goes mainstream
• Sensors/trackers/devices
• Your car has a dashboard, why don’t you?
• We can do on our cell phone now what we could only dream of
years ago
• Look how fast we have gone from room-sized computers to
powerful smart phones. What will healthcare look like in 20 years?
• Of the 7 billion people on the planet, 6.2 billion have cell phones
(and 91% keep them within 3 feet 24 hours a day)
7. Progress
• Digital Health + Proactive patients = Progress
towards Predictive, Preventive & Personalized medicine
8. From “patient” to “consumer”
From “sickness” to “wellness” based
• PAST
• Doctor-centric
• Doctor is the CEO of your
health
• One size fits all
• Pay for costs &
procedures
• FUTURE
• Patient-centric
• Patient is in charge of his/
her health
• Personalized medicine is
the norm
• Pay for outcomes & value
9. Drug development challenges
• More costly than ever to bring a drug to market
• Pharma is innovating less, buying/licensing instead
(universities & small companies)
• Orphan drug incentives
• Disease advocacy groups are funding development
10. The Tipping Point
• “We are on the tipping point of a whole new game in
how we develop drugs.”
Janet Woodcock, MD
Director, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA
11. Venture Philanthropy
• >$500 million per year in drug discovery
• CF Foundation gave $75 million to Vertex
• Kaleydeco FDA approved in 2012
• “This is a breakthrough therapy for the cystic fibrosis
community because current therapies only treat the
symptoms of this genetic disease.”
Janet Woodcock, MD
Director, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA
• Pfizer & CF Foundation in $58 million pact
12. Early signs of Outcome-based payment
• Genzyme offers refund for treatment failure with
kidney cancer drug Mozobil
• Celgene offers partial refund to non-responders of
CML/AML drug Vidaza
• Breakthrough Hepatitis C treatment (Sovaldi) costs
$1000 a pill but is worth it, and payers are paying
• Can cure up to 90% of patients, with fewer
side effects, in a fraction of the time
13. Personalized Medicine: Have we arrived?
• 50% of cancer drugs approved in 2013 target specific deficits
• Beyond targeted therapies:
• Immunotherapy
• Cell therapy
• Gene therapy
• Regenerative medicine
• Antibody drug conjugates
14. Pharmacogenetics: Progress thus far
Blood thinners
• Coumadin: Works well, but narrow “therapeutic window,” risk of
bleeding. Genetic variants in 2C9 and vitamin K genes influence
response, guide dosing
• Plavix: Genetic testing for 2C19 may identify patients who may not
respond
HIV treatment
• Ziagen: before prescribing, doctors now routinely test for a genetic
variant that makes you more likely to have side effects from the drug
• Codeine: certain 2D6 mutations result in no analgesia, others result in
side effects
15. More progress in Pharmacogenomics
Cancer
• Herceptin: Only works for women with HER2+ breast cancer
• Iressa & Tarceva: Work much better for lung cancer with specific genetic variants
• Erbitux & Vecitibix: Don’t work for 40% of colon cancers where the tumors have
specific genetic mutations
Neurology
• Tegretol: Genetic variant (HLA-B*1502) increases risk for Stevens-Johnson
syndrome
Psychiatry
• Celexa: 2C19 affects dosing, ABCB1 gene alters response
16. Still Learning: Beyond Genomics
• “Junk” DNA matters
• Genomes England: 100K genome project
• Human epigenome project
• Human microbiome project
• Human proteome project
• $100 million Obama BRAIN project
Can we make healthcare more predictive & preventive to reverse or
halt disease before it occurs and becomes too hard and costly to
treat?
17. What does the future of healthcare look like?
• The creative realization/consumerization of medicine:
Retail healthcare is front-line
• Decision-making shifts from doctors to patients &
machine intelligence
• Flood of data from sensors/apps
• Price transparency (healthcare now is a menu without
prices)
• Reward for being healthy
18. The Future of Genomic Medicine
• What does the $1,000 genome mean?
• Now cheaper to do the whole genome than certain
single gene tests
• Newborn genome sequencing
• Before long, everyone will get their genome
sequenced and you (& your doctor) will query it at
every important medical event throughout your life
19. Newborn sequencing
“One can imagine a day when every newborn will have
their genome sequenced at birth, and it would become a
part of the electronic health record that could be used
throughout the rest of the child’s life both to think about
better prevention but also to be more alert to early
clinical manifestations of a disease.”
Alan Guttmacher
Director, U.S. National Institute of
Child Health and Human Development
20. Rapid Sequencing in the Newborn ICU
• > 4 million babies are born each year in the U.S.
• 1/20 babies born is admitted to the NICU
• 1/3 of babies admitted to a NICU have genetic
diseases
• Every night in the NICU costs
> $10,000
21. Why sequence newborns?
• > 3,500 single-gene diseases have been characterized
• Traditional genetic testing is only available for some.
And how do you pick the rights test(s)?
• Most genetic tests cost hundreds, even thousands of
dollars each
• At least 500 of these genetic diseases have a known
treatment
22. NICU Sequencing: PKU
• Babies born with the rare genetic disorder
phenylketonuria (PKU) are unable to break down a
certain amino acid, which can lead to brain damage
and seizures
• If found early enough, PKU is easily treated and
children can move on with their lives
23. NICU Sequencing: SPR Deficiency
• Muscle contractions due to mutations in the
sepiapterin reductase gene respond to drugs that are
ineffective against other movement disorders that
may look the same, but have a different genetic
underpinning
24. NICU Sequencing: CMT Disease
• Symptoms of many genetic conditions, such as
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT), sometimes do not
present until adulthood so a genetic test early-on
could help to save the lives of older individuals
25. Newborn sequencing
“Overall, [newborn sequencing] can save time, it can save
lives, and a lot of times, it can save suffering.”
Dr. Stephen Kingsmore
Director, Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital
26. Data sharing & open access
• Information is more valuable when
shared
• Metcalfe’s law: the value of a network is
proportional to the square of the number
of connected users of the system (n²)
• Free the Data: Move from genetic
scarcity to genetic abundance
• Secrecy & silos hinder scientific progress
28. Photo Credits
• Man and Helix - http://d1435t697bgi2o.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/personalized-medicine.
jpg
• 'Your Name Here' pill - http://www.genomicslawreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Personalized-
Medicine.jpg
• Blue pills - http://mylocalhealthguide.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Pills-http-www.
sxc.huprofilepawel_231.jpg
• FDA logo - http://www.fda.gov/graphics/FDAlogos1999/graphics/logo1c.gif
• Cystic Fibrosis Foundation logo - http://fightcf.cff.org/gs13/image/national/cystic-fibrosis-foundation-2x.png
• Pfizer logo - http://globalgenes.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/pfizer-logo.jpg
• Sovaldi bottle - http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/b0a6e4c13b58024c480e09bb1b15d165a6b5c0a2/
c=0-86-3000-2336&r=x404&c=534x401/local/-/media/Phoenix/2014/06/19/
pnihepatitisdrug0620secondary.jpg
• DNA in syringe -
http://cdn.static-economist.com/sites/default/files/images/2014/03/blogs/economist-explains/
20140322_stp502.jpg
29. Photo Credits - cont’d
• Stem cells - http://www.bitlifesciences.com/rmsc2014/images/gd/gd_2.jpg
• Organs in petri dishes - http://media4.s-nbcnews.com/j/MSNBC/Components/Photo/_new/120910-hlt-regenerative-medicine-
kb-1250p-4x3.grid-6x2.jpg
• Human Epigenome Project logo - http://www.epigenome.org/images/HEC_title_B.gif
• Newborn in DNA blanket - http://news.recombine.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/BabySeq.png
• Newborn in incubator - http://www.nicuhelpinghands.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/20110923Gramkow0005.jpg
• PKU test - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Phenylketonuria_testing.jpg
• Sepiaterin reductase - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepiapterin_reductase#mediaviewer/File:Protein_SPR_PDB_1z6z.png
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease - http://charcotmarietoothdisease.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/marie-charcot-tooth-disease.
jpg
• Purple chromosome - http://www.newautism.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/chromosome-300x272.jpg
• Free the Data lock - http://ganis.spno.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/data-unlocked.png