Peristalsis
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Peristalsis is the wavelike muscle contraction of the esophagus that moves food through it. A peristaltic wave occurs during peristalsis, when both sides of the esophagus push together to move food downward into the stomach. Sphincters located at the end of the esophagus keep food and liquids in the stomach and prevent backflow when one is in different positions.
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Peristalsis
motion of the gastro intestinal tract. movement of the food or bolus from the mouth to the anus. biophysics of smooth muscle contraction in the git.
Peristalsis
Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food and other materials through the digestive tract and urinary system. It begins when food is swallowed and the esophagus contracts to push the food into the stomach. The stomach then churns the food into a liquid and peristalsis moves this liquid through the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed. Finally, peristalsis moves the remaining materials through the large intestine where water is absorbed before elimination. Peristalsis also helps move urine from the kidneys to the bladder and bile from the gallbladder to the duodenum. Issues like constipation can arise if peristalsis is too slow, while complete lack of movement causes dysfunctions
Movement in gastrointestinal tract
The document discusses the gastrointestinal tract and motility. It begins with defining the GI tract and its parts. It then discusses GI motility, describing peristalsis and segmentation contractions that move food through the digestive system. It details the layers of the stomach and small intestine walls and their roles in digestion. It concludes with an overview of motility in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
5. git lecture 5
This document summarizes gastric motility and emptying. It discusses three motor functions of the stomach: storage of food, mixing food with gastric secretions to form chyme, and slow emptying of chyme into the small intestine. The stomach has three regions (fundus, body, antrum) that work together for these functions. Food first causes the fundus to relax for storage via vagal reflexes. Then the antrum contracts to mix food via slow waves and peristalsis. Finally, the antrum contracts to empty chyme at a controlled rate depending on factors like food content and duodenal pH via neural and hormonal regulation.
4. git lecture 4
This document summarizes the motility functions of the gastrointestinal tract. It discusses the four major activities of the GI tract including motility, secretion, digestion, and absorption. It describes the two types of movements in the GI tract as propulsive movement and mixing movements. Key aspects of mastication, deglutition, and the three stages of swallowing are defined and explained. The roles of various muscles and structures involved in these motility functions are identified.
6. git lecture 6
This document discusses intestinal motility in the small intestines. It describes the different types of movements that occur, including segmentation contractions that mix chyme, pendular movements, and peristalsis which propels chyme aborally. Segmentation contractions occur due to pacemaker cells and help mix and change the layers of food in contact with the mucosa. Peristalsis is initiated by stretch receptors and involves relaxation ahead of and contraction behind the chyme. Villi movements also help absorption by accelerating blood and lymph flow. Together these motility functions serve to mix chyme, bring it in contact with the mucosa, and propel unabsorbed contents through the intestines.
Intestines(movements and secretions of small and large intestines ) The Guyto...
Intestines(movements and secretions of small and large intestines)
Distended Portion of small intestine with chyme stretching concentric contractions at intervals lasting a fraction of a minute These contraction causes “Segmentation” of the small intestine ---forms spaced segments new points every time chopping chyme 2-3 times/min mixing with intestinal secretions maximum frequencyof segmentation contraction depends on frequency of BER (Basic electrical rhythm) i.e. In duodenum and proximal jejunum is 12/min and in terminal ileum is 8-9/min.
Atropine blocks the segmentation
law of gut
The peristaltic reflex +anal direction of movement of the peristalsis is called “LAW OF GUT”
Movements in small and large intestine
The small intestine is around 6 meters long and extends from the stomach to the large intestine. It consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The small intestine has fingerlike projections called villi and microvilli that greatly increase its surface area for digestion and absorption. The small intestine uses segmentation and peristalsis to mix food with digestive juices, bring food into contact with the absorptive surface, and propel food toward the colon. The large intestine absorbs water, sodium, and minerals and stores waste. It uses haustration and mass movements to move contents toward the rectum for defecation. Motility in both intestines is controlled by nerves and hormones.
Recommended
Peristalsis
motion of the gastro intestinal tract. movement of the food or bolus from the mouth to the anus. biophysics of smooth muscle contraction in the git.
Peristalsis
Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food and other materials through the digestive tract and urinary system. It begins when food is swallowed and the esophagus contracts to push the food into the stomach. The stomach then churns the food into a liquid and peristalsis moves this liquid through the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed. Finally, peristalsis moves the remaining materials through the large intestine where water is absorbed before elimination. Peristalsis also helps move urine from the kidneys to the bladder and bile from the gallbladder to the duodenum. Issues like constipation can arise if peristalsis is too slow, while complete lack of movement causes dysfunctions
Movement in gastrointestinal tract
The document discusses the gastrointestinal tract and motility. It begins with defining the GI tract and its parts. It then discusses GI motility, describing peristalsis and segmentation contractions that move food through the digestive system. It details the layers of the stomach and small intestine walls and their roles in digestion. It concludes with an overview of motility in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
5. git lecture 5
This document summarizes gastric motility and emptying. It discusses three motor functions of the stomach: storage of food, mixing food with gastric secretions to form chyme, and slow emptying of chyme into the small intestine. The stomach has three regions (fundus, body, antrum) that work together for these functions. Food first causes the fundus to relax for storage via vagal reflexes. Then the antrum contracts to mix food via slow waves and peristalsis. Finally, the antrum contracts to empty chyme at a controlled rate depending on factors like food content and duodenal pH via neural and hormonal regulation.
4. git lecture 4
This document summarizes the motility functions of the gastrointestinal tract. It discusses the four major activities of the GI tract including motility, secretion, digestion, and absorption. It describes the two types of movements in the GI tract as propulsive movement and mixing movements. Key aspects of mastication, deglutition, and the three stages of swallowing are defined and explained. The roles of various muscles and structures involved in these motility functions are identified.
6. git lecture 6
This document discusses intestinal motility in the small intestines. It describes the different types of movements that occur, including segmentation contractions that mix chyme, pendular movements, and peristalsis which propels chyme aborally. Segmentation contractions occur due to pacemaker cells and help mix and change the layers of food in contact with the mucosa. Peristalsis is initiated by stretch receptors and involves relaxation ahead of and contraction behind the chyme. Villi movements also help absorption by accelerating blood and lymph flow. Together these motility functions serve to mix chyme, bring it in contact with the mucosa, and propel unabsorbed contents through the intestines.
Intestines(movements and secretions of small and large intestines ) The Guyto...
Intestines(movements and secretions of small and large intestines)
Distended Portion of small intestine with chyme stretching concentric contractions at intervals lasting a fraction of a minute These contraction causes “Segmentation” of the small intestine ---forms spaced segments new points every time chopping chyme 2-3 times/min mixing with intestinal secretions maximum frequencyof segmentation contraction depends on frequency of BER (Basic electrical rhythm) i.e. In duodenum and proximal jejunum is 12/min and in terminal ileum is 8-9/min.
Atropine blocks the segmentation
law of gut
The peristaltic reflex +anal direction of movement of the peristalsis is called “LAW OF GUT”
Movements in small and large intestine
The small intestine is around 6 meters long and extends from the stomach to the large intestine. It consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The small intestine has fingerlike projections called villi and microvilli that greatly increase its surface area for digestion and absorption. The small intestine uses segmentation and peristalsis to mix food with digestive juices, bring food into contact with the absorptive surface, and propel food toward the colon. The large intestine absorbs water, sodium, and minerals and stores waste. It uses haustration and mass movements to move contents toward the rectum for defecation. Motility in both intestines is controlled by nerves and hormones.
Movements in the GIT( the guyton and hall physiology)
movements in GIT
1. Propulsive Movements -------- Peristalsis
2. Mixing Movements
Moves food forward along GIT at an appropriate rate for digestion and absorption
A contractile ring appears around the gut and then moves forward
Stimulation at any point in the gut can cause a contractile ring to appear in the circular muscle, and this ring then spreads along the gut tube
Directional movement toward Anus
Can occur in either direction but normally occurs towards anus
Requires active myenteric plexus
Stimulus for intestinal peristalsis
Distention of the gut
Irritation
Parasympathetic nervous signals
Peristalsis is absent:
Congenital absence of myenteric plexus
Atropine (paralyzes cholinergic nerve endings)
Peristalsis also occurs in
Bile ducts
Glandular ducts
Ureters
Many other smooth muscle tubes of the body
Law of the Gut or Peristaltic Reflex or Myenteric reflex:
Peristaltic reflex plus anal direction of movement of peristalsis is called "law of the gut”
Contractile ring normally begins on orad side of distended segment
The gut sometimes relaxes several centimeters downstream toward the anus, called "receptive relaxation," thus allowing food to be propelled easily anally
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This document provides an overview of the stomach's anatomy and function. It discusses the stomach's position in the body, its gross anatomy including the cardia, fundus, body and pyloric regions. It describes the stomach's three muscle layers and how peristalsis moves food through the digestive process of digestion by gastric juices and enzymes. Finally, it outlines some homeostatic imbalances like peptic ulcers, gastritis, and gastric cancer that can affect the stomach.
Hernia: Causes and Types
Hernia is caused by a weakening of the muscle tissue that allows an organ to protrude through. Common causes include heavy lifting, constipation, coughing, and nutrient deficiencies. There are five main types of hernias: inguinal (inner groin), incisional (result of surgery), femoral (outer groin), umbilical (belly button), and hiatal (upper stomach). Global Hospitals India is one of the largest hospital chains in India known for organ transplants and advanced care across multiple locations.
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This document describes the process of ingestion, digestion and absorption of food by the gastrointestinal system. It discusses the roles of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon. The mouth chews and swallows food which is propelled through the esophagus to the stomach. The stomach stores, mixes and slowly empties food chunks (chyme) to the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed. The colon absorbs water from waste and stores feces until defecation. Regulatory mechanisms such as hormones and nerves coordinate movement and emptying between organs.
Digestive system
The digestive system is made up of a series of hollow organs that form a long twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. This includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. Food enters the mouth and is broken down by chewing and saliva before moving to the stomach via the esophagus. In the stomach, food is further broken down by acids and enzymes. It then enters the small intestine where additional breakdown occurs and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. Remaining waste moves to the large intestine where water is absorbed before waste is excreted from the anus. Common diseases of the digestive system include Crohn's disease and gastroesophageal reflux
The large intestine by Pandian M.
This PPT for all Medicos and Non medical Students for better understanding of Large intestine education purpose only
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
1) The document describes the anatomy and functions of the gastrointestinal system, including the salivary glands, stages of swallowing, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
2) It discusses the composition and functions of saliva and gastric juice, as well as the control of salivary secretion and three phases of gastric secretion.
3) The functions of the small intestine are explained as mechanical mixing and propulsion of contents, digestive breakdown of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates through pancreatic enzymes and bile, and absorption of nutrients into circulation.
GI Linton Ch38 PP1
The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the digestive tract. It describes each part of the digestive tract from the mouth to the anus. Key points include that the mouth begins digestion through chewing and saliva. Food then moves to the stomach through the esophagus. The stomach contains acid and enzymes that break down food into a liquid. This liquid moves to the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream and lymph vessels. The large intestine absorbs water before waste is eliminated through the anus.
Defecation process
The document discusses the process of defecation. It begins by defining defecation as the process of excreting feces through the large intestine and distal colon. It then describes the mechanisms involved, including stimuli that initiate defecation like rectal distention or gastrocolic reflexes. The main steps are feces entering the rectum, increasing intrarectal pressure, stimulation of enteric nerves, sensation of defecation, motor responses through parasympathetic nerves, relaxation of anal sphincters, and sometimes use of the Valsalva maneuver to fully evacuate feces.
Physiology of defecation
The document discusses physiology of defecation including:
- Defecation is controlled by neurological reflexes and sphincters and occurs episodically rather than continuously.
- Stretching of the rectum triggers defecation reflexes causing relaxation of internal anal sphincter and peristalsis to drive feces downward.
- External anal sphincter remains under voluntary control allowing defecation when desired.
Movement in gastrointestinal tract
The document discusses the gastrointestinal tract and motility. It begins with defining the GI tract and its parts. It then discusses GI motility including peristalsis and segmentation contractions that move food through the digestive system. It details the layers of the stomach and small intestine walls and their roles in digestion. It concludes with describing motility and movement of food through the specific parts of the GI tract.
Organ:Stomach
The stomach is a J-shaped organ located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen between the esophagus and duodenum. Food travels from the esophagus through the stomach and into the small intestines. The stomach collects, churns, and digests food through gastric juices and cells that break food down. It consists of three sections - the fundus, body, and antrum - and has four layers in its wall: mucous, submucous, muscular, and peritoneal. Problems can occur if the stomach is inflamed or damaged.
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The document provides an overview of gastrointestinal physiology. It describes the main components and layers of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. It then discusses the four main functions of the digestive system: motility, secretion, digestion, and absorption. Specific sections cover the salivary glands, swallowing process, stomach functions and secretions, pancreatic secretions, liver and biliary system, gastrointestinal hormones, and the histology and innervation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Git answered essay qs asm team 2019
This document contains information about the gastrointestinal system from different topics including physiology, histology, anatomy, microbiology, pharmacology and biochemistry. It provides details on intestinal movements including segmentation, peristalsis and factors affecting intestinal absorption. It also discusses the hormonal regulation of gastric secretion including the roles of gastrin and secretin.
Stomach Presentation
The stomach prepares food for digestion by producing enzymes and hydrochloric acid. It is located between the esophagus and small intestine. Problems can arise if the stomach is not functioning properly or its acidic contents leak out, as with ulcers or abdominal wounds.
Asm new edited
This document contains notes on various topics related to anatomy and physiology. It includes:
1. A summary of the types of intestinal movements including segmenting, peristaltic, and tonic contractions.
2. An explanation of the functions of saliva, including digestion of starch, lubrication, protection, and regulation of pH.
3. A discussion of the hormonal regulation of gastric secretion including the roles of gastrin and secretin during the gastric and intestinal phases.
Lect 3. (general principle of git motility)
The gastrointestinal smooth muscle functions as a syncytium, with individual fibers electrically connected through gap junctions. Electrical activity in the form of slow waves and spike potentials causes rhythmic contractions. Slow waves do not cause contraction directly but allow spike potentials to occur. Spike potentials cause entry of calcium ions, which bind to calmodulin and activate myosin to generate contraction. Tonic contraction is continuous and can be caused by repetitive spike potentials or other factors maintaining partial membrane depolarization.
Peristalsis
El documento contiene definiciones de varios términos relacionados con la biología y la física. Define la peristalsis como las contracciones musculares del estómago e intestinos que impulsan los alimentos, y explica conceptos como clasificación, accidente, tamizado, electroimán, propagación, adolescencia, inmunización, pandemia, Vía Láctea, portador, traslación y elipse.
Tema 33 Pg Del Esofago
El documento resume conceptos clave sobre patología del esófago, incluyendo su anatomía, fisiología, mecanismos antirreflujo, síntomas como disfagia y reflujo gastroesofágico, y estudios para su evaluación como endoscopia, pHmetría y radiología con bario.
Varices esofágicas
Las varices esofágicas son venas dilatadas en el esófago, generalmente causadas por hipertensión portal o cirrosis hepática. Pueden sangrar masivamente de forma potencialmente mortal. Se clasifican en 4 grados según su tamaño. El tratamiento incluye ligadura endoscópica, escleroterapia, TIPS u otros procedimientos para reducir la presión sanguínea. La prevención implica tratar el abuso de alcohol y usar medicamentos como betabloqueantes.
Sistema Digestivo Fisiología
El documento describe los procesos de digestión mecánica y química en el sistema digestivo humano. La digestión mecánica incluye la masticación y deglución, que trituran los alimentos y los conducen a través de los órganos. La digestión química implica cambios químicos mediados por enzimas, incluida la hidrólisis de carbohidratos, proteínas y grasas a monosacáridos, aminoácidos y ácidos grasos, respectivamente, que pueden ser absorbidos en el intest
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Movements in the GIT( the guyton and hall physiology)
movements in GIT
1. Propulsive Movements -------- Peristalsis
2. Mixing Movements
Moves food forward along GIT at an appropriate rate for digestion and absorption
A contractile ring appears around the gut and then moves forward
Stimulation at any point in the gut can cause a contractile ring to appear in the circular muscle, and this ring then spreads along the gut tube
Directional movement toward Anus
Can occur in either direction but normally occurs towards anus
Requires active myenteric plexus
Stimulus for intestinal peristalsis
Distention of the gut
Irritation
Parasympathetic nervous signals
Peristalsis is absent:
Congenital absence of myenteric plexus
Atropine (paralyzes cholinergic nerve endings)
Peristalsis also occurs in
Bile ducts
Glandular ducts
Ureters
Many other smooth muscle tubes of the body
Law of the Gut or Peristaltic Reflex or Myenteric reflex:
Peristaltic reflex plus anal direction of movement of peristalsis is called "law of the gut”
Contractile ring normally begins on orad side of distended segment
The gut sometimes relaxes several centimeters downstream toward the anus, called "receptive relaxation," thus allowing food to be propelled easily anally
Bio 120 Chapter 2 presentation
This document provides an overview of the stomach's anatomy and function. It discusses the stomach's position in the body, its gross anatomy including the cardia, fundus, body and pyloric regions. It describes the stomach's three muscle layers and how peristalsis moves food through the digestive process of digestion by gastric juices and enzymes. Finally, it outlines some homeostatic imbalances like peptic ulcers, gastritis, and gastric cancer that can affect the stomach.
Hernia: Causes and Types
Hernia is caused by a weakening of the muscle tissue that allows an organ to protrude through. Common causes include heavy lifting, constipation, coughing, and nutrient deficiencies. There are five main types of hernias: inguinal (inner groin), incisional (result of surgery), femoral (outer groin), umbilical (belly button), and hiatal (upper stomach). Global Hospitals India is one of the largest hospital chains in India known for organ transplants and advanced care across multiple locations.
Lect 4 (mixing and propulsion in git)
This document describes the process of ingestion, digestion and absorption of food by the gastrointestinal system. It discusses the roles of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon. The mouth chews and swallows food which is propelled through the esophagus to the stomach. The stomach stores, mixes and slowly empties food chunks (chyme) to the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed. The colon absorbs water from waste and stores feces until defecation. Regulatory mechanisms such as hormones and nerves coordinate movement and emptying between organs.
Digestive system
The digestive system is made up of a series of hollow organs that form a long twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. This includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. Food enters the mouth and is broken down by chewing and saliva before moving to the stomach via the esophagus. In the stomach, food is further broken down by acids and enzymes. It then enters the small intestine where additional breakdown occurs and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. Remaining waste moves to the large intestine where water is absorbed before waste is excreted from the anus. Common diseases of the digestive system include Crohn's disease and gastroesophageal reflux
The large intestine by Pandian M.
This PPT for all Medicos and Non medical Students for better understanding of Large intestine education purpose only
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
1) The document describes the anatomy and functions of the gastrointestinal system, including the salivary glands, stages of swallowing, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
2) It discusses the composition and functions of saliva and gastric juice, as well as the control of salivary secretion and three phases of gastric secretion.
3) The functions of the small intestine are explained as mechanical mixing and propulsion of contents, digestive breakdown of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates through pancreatic enzymes and bile, and absorption of nutrients into circulation.
GI Linton Ch38 PP1
The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the digestive tract. It describes each part of the digestive tract from the mouth to the anus. Key points include that the mouth begins digestion through chewing and saliva. Food then moves to the stomach through the esophagus. The stomach contains acid and enzymes that break down food into a liquid. This liquid moves to the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream and lymph vessels. The large intestine absorbs water before waste is eliminated through the anus.
Defecation process
The document discusses the process of defecation. It begins by defining defecation as the process of excreting feces through the large intestine and distal colon. It then describes the mechanisms involved, including stimuli that initiate defecation like rectal distention or gastrocolic reflexes. The main steps are feces entering the rectum, increasing intrarectal pressure, stimulation of enteric nerves, sensation of defecation, motor responses through parasympathetic nerves, relaxation of anal sphincters, and sometimes use of the Valsalva maneuver to fully evacuate feces.
Physiology of defecation
The document discusses physiology of defecation including:
- Defecation is controlled by neurological reflexes and sphincters and occurs episodically rather than continuously.
- Stretching of the rectum triggers defecation reflexes causing relaxation of internal anal sphincter and peristalsis to drive feces downward.
- External anal sphincter remains under voluntary control allowing defecation when desired.
Movement in gastrointestinal tract
The document discusses the gastrointestinal tract and motility. It begins with defining the GI tract and its parts. It then discusses GI motility including peristalsis and segmentation contractions that move food through the digestive system. It details the layers of the stomach and small intestine walls and their roles in digestion. It concludes with describing motility and movement of food through the specific parts of the GI tract.
Organ:Stomach
The stomach is a J-shaped organ located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen between the esophagus and duodenum. Food travels from the esophagus through the stomach and into the small intestines. The stomach collects, churns, and digests food through gastric juices and cells that break food down. It consists of three sections - the fundus, body, and antrum - and has four layers in its wall: mucous, submucous, muscular, and peritoneal. Problems can occur if the stomach is inflamed or damaged.
Large intestine by Pandian M
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY
SECRETIONS OF LARGE INTESTINE
FUNCTIONS OF LARGE INTESTINE
DIETARY FIBER
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
Ramadan- GIT physiology.pdf
The document provides an overview of gastrointestinal physiology. It describes the main components and layers of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. It then discusses the four main functions of the digestive system: motility, secretion, digestion, and absorption. Specific sections cover the salivary glands, swallowing process, stomach functions and secretions, pancreatic secretions, liver and biliary system, gastrointestinal hormones, and the histology and innervation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Git answered essay qs asm team 2019
This document contains information about the gastrointestinal system from different topics including physiology, histology, anatomy, microbiology, pharmacology and biochemistry. It provides details on intestinal movements including segmentation, peristalsis and factors affecting intestinal absorption. It also discusses the hormonal regulation of gastric secretion including the roles of gastrin and secretin.
Stomach Presentation
The stomach prepares food for digestion by producing enzymes and hydrochloric acid. It is located between the esophagus and small intestine. Problems can arise if the stomach is not functioning properly or its acidic contents leak out, as with ulcers or abdominal wounds.
Asm new edited
This document contains notes on various topics related to anatomy and physiology. It includes:
1. A summary of the types of intestinal movements including segmenting, peristaltic, and tonic contractions.
2. An explanation of the functions of saliva, including digestion of starch, lubrication, protection, and regulation of pH.
3. A discussion of the hormonal regulation of gastric secretion including the roles of gastrin and secretin during the gastric and intestinal phases.
Lect 3. (general principle of git motility)
The gastrointestinal smooth muscle functions as a syncytium, with individual fibers electrically connected through gap junctions. Electrical activity in the form of slow waves and spike potentials causes rhythmic contractions. Slow waves do not cause contraction directly but allow spike potentials to occur. Spike potentials cause entry of calcium ions, which bind to calmodulin and activate myosin to generate contraction. Tonic contraction is continuous and can be caused by repetitive spike potentials or other factors maintaining partial membrane depolarization.
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Movements in the GIT( the guyton and hall physiology)
Movements in the GIT( the guyton and hall physiology)
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Peristalsis
El documento contiene definiciones de varios términos relacionados con la biología y la física. Define la peristalsis como las contracciones musculares del estómago e intestinos que impulsan los alimentos, y explica conceptos como clasificación, accidente, tamizado, electroimán, propagación, adolescencia, inmunización, pandemia, Vía Láctea, portador, traslación y elipse.
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El documento resume conceptos clave sobre patología del esófago, incluyendo su anatomía, fisiología, mecanismos antirreflujo, síntomas como disfagia y reflujo gastroesofágico, y estudios para su evaluación como endoscopia, pHmetría y radiología con bario.
Varices esofágicas
Las varices esofágicas son venas dilatadas en el esófago, generalmente causadas por hipertensión portal o cirrosis hepática. Pueden sangrar masivamente de forma potencialmente mortal. Se clasifican en 4 grados según su tamaño. El tratamiento incluye ligadura endoscópica, escleroterapia, TIPS u otros procedimientos para reducir la presión sanguínea. La prevención implica tratar el abuso de alcohol y usar medicamentos como betabloqueantes.
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El documento describe los procesos de digestión mecánica y química en el sistema digestivo humano. La digestión mecánica incluye la masticación y deglución, que trituran los alimentos y los conducen a través de los órganos. La digestión química implica cambios químicos mediados por enzimas, incluida la hidrólisis de carbohidratos, proteínas y grasas a monosacáridos, aminoácidos y ácidos grasos, respectivamente, que pueden ser absorbidos en el intest
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Peristalsis
- 1. Peristalsis<br />Real definition:<br />Peristalsis: the process of a wavelike muscle contraction of the esophagus that moves food through it. <br />NOT TO BE CONFUSED BY:<br />Peristalsis: a wavelike muscle that helps move food through the esophagus.<br />Wrong!!!!<br />1st definition right 2nd definition is wrong<br />Peristalic wave: happens during Peristalsis or is when both side of your esophagus push together making your food go downward into your stomach.<br />Sphincters: are at the end of your esophagus that keep your food or your liquids that you have eaten or drunk and keep it in your stomach so that when you flip <br /> <br />