The document outlines the structure and function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), detailing the central nervous system (CNS) components and origins of spinal and cranial nerves. It describes the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, their roles in stress responses and maintenance of bodily functions. Additionally, it discusses the characteristics of ganglia, neurotransmitters, and receptors involved in these autonomic processes.

1. Autonomic
Nervous
System

3. CNS Consists of:
1-Brain
2 cerebral hemispheres, Brain stem &
Cerebellum
2- Spinal cord : 31 segments
Cervical region (8 segments)
Thoracic region (12 segments)
Lumbar region (5 segments)
Sacral region (5segments)
Cocceygeal region (1segment)

4. Spinal
nerves
Cranial
nerves PNS

6. Brai
n
sp.c
d
Origin
s
1 8
Heart
S. ms
Glands

7. Autonomic Ganglia
Definition:
Collection of neurons outside CNS
Functions:
Distribution centers

8. Types
of
ganglia
Brain
stem
‫خ‬
‫م‬
‫ل‬
‫ا‬
‫ع‬
‫ذج‬
Spinal
cord
‫لبحال‬
‫ى‬
‫ك‬
‫و‬
‫ش‬
‫ل‬
‫ا‬
Terminal
Collatral
Para
vertebr
al
Adrena
l gland

10. ANS
• Sympathetic NS  stress :
-“Fight or flight”
-“E” division:exercise,emergency.
• Parasympathetic  Digest
&rest:
-Maintain normal functions
-“D” division: digestion,
defecation, and

13. EWN
SSN
ISN
VN
3
7
9
10
EYE
Salivary
g
Thx
&
abdome
n Pelvis
Parasympathetic origin
S2
S3
Pelvic N.

14. Penis
Pars VD
Ejaculation
Symp.‫ف‬‫ال‬
‫ق‬
‫ذ‬
Contraction
VC
‫ال‬‫ت‬‫ن‬‫ت‬‫ص‬‫ا‬‫ب‬

16. Symp.
Thoracolumber
T 1  L3
Ganglia away
from organs
Long postgang.
Craniosacral
1973,
S2,3,4
Ganglia near
to organs
Short
NA, Ach Ach
13/07/2010 16
Parasym.

17. Dilation
+ VD + VC

18. •Ach :
Fiberscholinergic F
Receptorscholinergic
R
•NA :
Fibersadrenergic F
Receptorsadrenergic
R

19. A.Ch
X
A.ch A.ch
X X
Para Symp Ad.m
A.Ch A.ch NA

20. Sweet G
Bl.V
Pre G
Post G
Ch R
Ch R
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
Ch R
Ad R

21. Cholinergic
receptors

22. ACh NA
Sites Nerve
Knobs
Nerve
knobs
Adrenal G
Source
Storage
Release
Choline+Acetyl
Dopamine e-COA
Clear vesicle
Dark vesicle
Remove Ach
esterase
Reuptake
MAO/COM

23. a
B
B
a
Adrenergic receptors

24. Alarm or "Stress" response
• Sympathetic discharges as one unit
 preparation for flight or fight.
• Dilates pupils  more light
• ++ HR & ABP  ++perfusion
• VC in skin --- bleeding.
• -- Threshold in reticular formation
++ arouse
• ++ Lipolysis and glycogenolysis E

25. The End