This collection explores the structure and function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. It covers key components such as neurotransmitter roles, including acetylcholine and catecholamines, mechanisms of neurohumoral transmission, and their implications for physiological responses and health. Additionally, it discusses the impacts of drugs on the ANS, clinical considerations, and the balance of involuntary bodily functions essential for maintaining homeostasis.