2. Literatur
• Options for REDD+ Voluntary Certification to Ensure Net GHG Benefits,
Poverty Alleviation, Sustainable Management of Forests and Biodiversity
Conservation (Merger et.al., 2011)
• Field perspective comparison of forest carbon and forest management
standards (NEPCon, 2012)
• Review of Forestry Carbon Standards (2009) -Development of a tool for
organizations to identify the most appropriate forestry carbon credit
(Lopes, 2009)
• Comparison of Carbon Offset Standards for Climate Forestation Projects
participating in the Voluntary Carbon Market (Merger et.al., 2008)
3. Beberapa Standar Karbon dengan Proyek AFOLU:
• Sertifikasi manfaat dampingan (co-benefit)
• Tidak mengatur GRK (CO2e)
• Hanya menerima proyek aforestasi/reforestasi
• Fokus ke aspek praktis, transparan, co-benefit
• Menerima A/R, REDD, IFM, ALM
• Lebih bervisi pasar (inovasi dan kredibilitas)
• Fokus ke proyek hutan masyarakat
(grassroot/community level)
• Khusus proyek di AS/Amerika Utara
• Kemungkinan akan linking dengan system cap-
and-trade
• Mengadopsi tools dari A/R CDM dan VCS
&
11. Beberapa Kutipan:
• Market‐based instruments for enhancing sustainability are only effective if
they are credible and have an impact on the ground (NEPCon, 2012)
• Voluntary certification provides useful practical experience that should
feed into the design of the international REDD+ regime (Merger, et.al.,
2011)
• REDD+ is not only a GHG reduction mechanism, but—if properly
designed—REDD+ activities have the potential to deliver significant
additional benefits such as poverty alleviation, sustainable forestry
production management, and the protection of biodiversity. (Merger,
et.al., 2011)
• This trade-off between achieving legitimacy and economic efficiency of
standards is a major difficulty of standard setting and has led to
specialized standards by project type, scope and modality. (Merger, et.al.,
2011)
12. Untuk didiskusikan:
• Kerangka kebijakan (legal
framework):
– Tenurial lahan
– Persyaratan khusus
– Pembagian kredit
• Safeguard:
– Keterlibatan masyarakat
– Distribusi pendapatan?
• Karbon:
– Additionality
– Rekam guna lahan & baseline
– Leakage
– Non-permanence
– Periode kredit
– Waktu verifikasi
– Metodologi
– Validator/verifikator
• Lainnya?
Kesimpulan Sementara dan Rekomendasi:
• Merancang panduan/ketentuan pengembangan proyek AFOLU bagi SKN
memerlukan trade-off antara aspek ekonomis, teknis, sosial, lingkungan dan
kebijakan eksisting.
• Ketentuan bisa ditetapkan dari yang praktis dulu, dapat segera diterapkan,
untuk diperbaiki kemudian bersamaan sejalan dengan lessons learned yg
didapat.
