Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory

1. PEPLAU'S INTERPERSONAL
RELATIONS THEORY
PUBMEDICO RESEARCH THESIS

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Biography of Hildegard E. Peplau:

3. Phases of the Therapeutic
Nurse- Client Relationship
Orientation Phase
Introducing client to
treatment, identifying needs Orientation Phase
Client begins to express
feelings and work
interdependently
Exploitation Phase
Client begins to express feelings
and work interdependently Resolution Phase
Client begins to express
feelings and work
interdependently

4. Phases the progression of the therapeutic nurse-client
relationship
ORIENTATION
PHASE
• Nurse and client meet; nurse
explains roles and answers
questions.
• Client starts as a stranger;
shares needs and
expectations.
• Nurse identifies problems and
builds trust.
• Factors: Trust-building,
communication skills, rapport.
• Client fully uses services,
seeks solutions.
• Feels integrated and may
request minor help.
• Nurse supports client in
finding solutions.
• Client expresses feelings and
works with the nurse.
• Feels a sense of belonging
and selects appropriate help.
• Becomes stronger, less
helpless and hopeless.
• Client no longer needs help;
ends the relationship.
• Both achieve emotional
balance, despite potential
difficulties.
IDENTIFICATION
PHASE
EXPLOITATION
PHASE
RESOLUTION
PHASE
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5. NURSING
HEALTH
PERSON
ENVIROMENT
Nursing: Nursing, according to Peplau, is a significant
therapeutic interpersonal process that occurs between
the nurse and the client. It involves the application of
nursing knowledge, skills, and principles of human
relations to assist individuals in meeting their healthcare
needs. Peplau's theory underscores the role of the nurse
as a facilitator of the therapeutic relationship, helping
clients to identify and address their felt difficulties,
develop coping strategies, and achieve personal growth.
Metaparadigm
of nursing
Theory
The metaparadigm of nursing theory encompasses four
key concepts: person, environment, health, and nursing.

6. NURSING
HEALTH
PERSON
ENVIROMENT
Environment: While Peplau's theory primarily
focuses on the nurse-client relationship, it also
acknowledges the influence of the environment on
the therapeutic interaction. The environment
includes both the physical surroundings and the
socio-cultural context in which the nurse-patient
relationship occurs. Peplau encourages nurses to
consider the impact of the environment on the
patient's well-being and to create a supportive and
therapeutic atmosphere for care delivery.
Metaparadigm
of nursing
Theory
The metaparadigm of nursing theory encompasses four
key concepts: person, environment, health, and nursing.

7. NURSING
HEALTH
PERSON
ENVIROMENT
Health: Peplau views health as a dynamic process that
involves the forward movement of the person's personality
and ongoing human processes towards growth and well-
being. In her theory, nursing interventions aim to promote
the client's health by addressing their physical,
psychological, and social needs within the context of the
therapeutic relationship. Peplau emphasizes the
importance of empowering clients to participate in their
own care and achieve optimal health outcomes.
Metaparadigm
of nursing
Theory
The metaparadigm of nursing theory encompasses four
key concepts: person, environment, health, and nursing.

8. NURSING
HEALTH
PERSON
ENVIROMENT
Person: In Peplau's theory, the person refers to the
patient/client who is the focus of nursing care. Peplau
emphasizes the importance of understanding the individual as
a unique being with their own needs, experiences, and
responses to illness. The theory highlights the interpersonal
relationship between the nurse and the patient as central to
nursing practice, emphasizing the person's role in the
therapeutic process.
Metaparadigm
of Nursing
Theory
The metaparadigm of nursing theory encompasses four
key concepts: person, environment, health, and nursing.

9. Theoretical Framework

10. key assumptions of Peplau's theory:
• Interactability: Peplau assumes that both the nurse and the client
have the capacity to interact with each other. This interaction
forms the basis of the therapeutic relationship and facilitates the
exchange of information, emotions, and support.
• Mutual Growth: Peplau emphasizes that both the nurse and the
client experience growth and development as a result of their
therapeutic interaction. This mutual growth occurs through the
sharing of experiences, insights, and coping strategies within the
therapeutic relationship.
• Client-Centered Care: Peplau advocates for client-centered care,
where the focus is on the unique needs, preferences, and goals of
the individual client. This approach ensures that nursing
interventions are tailored to meet the specific needs of each client,
promoting their overall well-being.

11. key assumptions of Peplau's theory:
• Communication Skills: Peplau highlights the importance of
effective communication and interviewing skills in nursing
practice. These skills enable the nurse to establish rapport,
gather relevant information, and address the client's needs
and concerns.
• Self-awareness: Peplau believes that nurses must have a
clear understanding of themselves, including their own
values, beliefs, and biases. This self-awareness allows
nurses to promote the client's growth and avoid imposing
their own values on the therapeutic relationship.

12. Key to Interpersonal Relations
Effective communication (verbal and
Effective communication (verbal verbal)
• Interpersonal skill
Positive attitude
• Observation and perception
• Self scrutiny
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13. NURSES ROLE

15. Thank
You