Pediatric Chemotherapy.pptx
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Chemotherapy works by killing both normal and cancerous cells, altering their DNA. It is administered intravenously, intrathecally, or orally. Treatment protocols consider the cancer type, location, and drugs/doses. Common side effects include hair loss, mouth sores, bone marrow suppression, nausea, and weight loss. Nursing care focuses on preventing infection due to immunosuppression and supporting coping and nutrition during treatment.
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ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
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The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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The Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India
Treat the symptoms of indigestion, heartburn and stomach reflux with the 10 Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India.
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
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Pediatric Chemotherapy.pptx
- 1. 1 Pediatric Chemotherapy Gina Brandl, RN BSN, MSN-Cand Nursing Instructor MSTC - Pediatrics
- 2. 2 Objectives • The student will describe how chemotherapy works on cells normal and cancerous cells • The student will describe the common side effects of chemotherapy • The student will assist in developing a nursing care plan appropriate for the pediatric patient receiving chemotherapy
- 3. 3 Chemotherapy • Chemotherapy – Specific drugs • Kill normal and cancerous cells • Given simultaneously – Achieves greatest cellular destruction • Alters DNA – Administration • Intrathecal (into spinal canal), oral or intravenous
- 4. 4 Protocols • Type of cancer • Cell type • Location and spread • Drug • Dose • Interval of treatment Treatment for side effects Necessary laboratory studies (London et al., 2007)
- 5. 5 Other Drugs Used • Other drugs used in cancer treatment – Colony-stimulating factor • Erythropoietin (Epoetin) • Filgrastim (Neupogen) – Antimetics • Ondansetron (Zofran) – Nutritional supports • Help to maintain nutritional support – TPN & Lipids
- 6. 6 Side Effects of Chemotherapy • Occur when healthy cells are damaged – Occurrence • Immediately • Week to ten days • Months to years – Permanent or temporary – Includes: hair loss, mouth sores, constipation, bone marrow suppression, nausea and emesis, anorexia and weight loss
- 7. 7 Side Effects of Chemotherapy • Hair loss • Mouth sores • Pain • Constipation • Bone marrow suppression • Nausea and vomiting • Anorexia and weight loss
- 8. 8 Nursing Care Plan • Nursing diagnosis – Risk for infection r/t immunosupression, invasive procedures, malnutrition, or pharmaceutical agents • Goals, interventions with rationale and expected outcomes – Ineffective individual coping r/t situational crisis • Goals, interventions with rationale and expected outcomes
- 9. 9 References London, M. L., Ladewig, P. W., Ball, J. W., & Bindler, R. C. (2007). Maternal & child nursing care (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Saint Joseph’s Hospital. (2006). Pediatric oncology – Education & resource guide. Marshfield, WI; Ministry Health Care Steinbrook, R. (2007). Erthropoietin, the FDA, and oncology. The New England Journal of Medicine. 356(24), p. 248. Retrieved December 16, 2007, from the website http:proquest.umi.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/pqdweb?did= 128822401901&sid=6&Fmt=3&clientid=13118&RQT=309&VNa me=PQD