The document discusses different tenses in English - present tense, present perfect tense, present continuous tense, and present perfect continuous tense. It provides examples of how each tense is used, including to express daily habits or routines, completed actions, ongoing actions, and actions that have been occurring for a period of time respectively.

2. Present tense expresses action, activity
and state of being in the present

3. A verb in its original state is Simple
Present. Does not indicate state of
action

4. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
I eat salad
Look! It has been snowing.

5. I drink water
Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
Look! It has been snowing.

6. I run everyday
Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
Look! It has been snowing.

7. Usage…
To express an activity done on a daily basis
I run everyday
They eat breakfast at 9 a.m. everyday
She sleeps at 10.30 p.m. everyday

8. Usage…
To express usually accepted truths
The sun sets in the west
Gourds are bitter
It rains in August

9. Usage…
To talk about an activity which will happen in the
future but as part of a pre – decided schedule
The train leaves at 5.15 a.m.
The next flight is at 7 a.m.
The free trial class begins at 1 p.m.

10. Present Perfect to indicate
Completion Of Action. Verb
mostly finishes with -ed

11. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
Look! It has been snowing.
I have finished reading the book

12. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
The has been
Look! ItMalhotras have vacated the flat
snowing.

13. Usage…
To express an action which has just been
completed (used with just)
He has just left for the day
It has just stopped raining
Ritu has just finished her lunch

14. Usage…
To express an action which have occurred in the
past, but a definite time is not mentioned
Have you read the Ramayan?
I have been to Finland
I have met Saif Ali Khan

15. Usage…
To talk about the present effects of an activity
which happened in the past
I have finished my session
Arijit has hurt his knee
Rakesh has used all the coupons

16. Present Continuous is
used to show Action Is Still In
Progress. The Verb ends in -ing

17. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
Look! It has been snowing.
The baby is sleeping

18. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
Look! It has been snowing.
It is raining

19. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
Look! It has been snowing.
She is studying

20. Usage…
To express an action happening at the time of
speaking
I am running
They are eating dinner
He is conducting the session

21. Usage…
To express an action which may not be actually
happening at the time of speaking
I am reading the Gita
I am taking medicines for my illness

22. Usage…
To express an action which will happen in the
near future
She is going to attend the class tomorrow
I am meeting Pradeep in 2 hours
Abhishek is arriving tonight

23. Present Perfect
Continuous is used to indicate
Activity which has been going
for sometime now, is not
complete yet, but its effect can
be seen

24. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
The baby has been sleeping
Look! It has been
for 3 hours snowing.

25. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
It is raining since morning
Look! It has been snowing.

26. Past Present Future
Duration from the past until now
Shehas been
Look! It is studying for the last 2 hours
snowing.

27. Usage…
To express an action which began sometime back
and is still continuing
Nitin has been attending the classes for the
last 2 months
The monk has been sitting in that posture for
the last 3 hours
I have been working on this project since
Monday