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Pasig cost-modeling-for-sustainable-services
This document discusses cost modeling for digital preservation services. It aims to understand costs in order to plan for and implement sustainable preservation over time. Costs are difficult to account for and project given different activities and changing situations. The authors develop an abstract model of a curation system and the activities involved. They also discuss different approaches to cost recovery such as grants, campus funding, and direct billing. Paid-up pricing is proposed to address fluctuating budgets by collecting an endowment to cover future preservation costs over a set term. Various pricing scenarios are provided as examples.
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Pasig cost-modeling-for-sustainable-services
- 1. Cost Modeling forSustainable Services Stephen Abrams Patricia Cruse John Kunze University of California Curation Center California Digital Library Preservation and Archiving Special Interest Group Dublin, October 16-19, 2012
- 2. Understanding costsin order to plan for and implement sustainable preservation services Investigating the possibility of paid-up pricing in order to address ► Boom-or-bust budget cycles ► Fixed-term, grant funded projects Source: www.sharedidiz.com/ Goals
- 3. Accounting forincurred costs is hard ► Existing administrative accounting generally is not aligned with curation services Projecting anticipated costs is really hard ► “What will I spend someday to do something in response to some kind of situation …” Source: Getty Images Anticipating the future
- 4. Modeling ismade tractable through abstraction and assumption Modeling Ingest High-level management Content consumer Content creator / curator Submit Support Search / discover Support Engage Request / deliverAccess Administration Data mgmt Storage Index Store Lookup Retrieve ReportSet policy Analysis and planning Preservation system Analyze / plan / recommend / monitor / report Engage Preservation services Preservation intervention Servers Run Trigger Design / implement / deploy / operate / monitor / maintain / enhance
- 5. ► Content Owners,with stewardship responsibility for digital Collections, make use of submission … ► Streams to transfer content to a curation … ► System, composed of Ingest, Data management, and Access services, running on … ► Servers and occupying … ► Storage, to enable discovery and exploitation by content … ► Consumers, with ongoing … ► Analysis and planning and periodic … ► Intervention as necessary to ensure viability and accessibility, all subject to operational … ► Administration and high-level … ► Management Abstraction and assumption
- 6. Total costof preservation ► Nominal units of activity or capacity ► Fixed vs. incremental costs Pay-as-you-go pricing ► Common good vs. direct costs MDViGCjSkRATmOnTCP SkTmO n MDGViCjRA X OO Cost modeling Owners Streams System Servers Storage Consumers Analysis Interventions Administration Management
- 7. Various activities/capacitiesmay be cost recovered through various means Common good ► Development External grants ► Operations Campus “tax” ► Infrastructure Campus “tax” ► Interventions ? Direct ► CRM Campus “tax” ► Storage Direct billing Cost recovery http://www.flickr.com/photos/teegardin/5512347305 http://www.rishona.net/2012/06/06/the-basics-on-business- transaction-documents/ Special subvention?
- 8. Paid-up pricing(“endowment”) ► Cost of staff-dependent activities tends to increase over time; mitigated somewhat by productivity increases ► Cost of technology-dependent components tends to decrease over time (Moore’s “law”, Kryder’s “law”) ► Surplus endowment funds can be invested ● r Investment rate of return ● d Discount (or markup) factor ● T Term in years drr dr XE T TT 1 11 Cost modeling http://activeheroes.org/active-heroes-endowment/
- 9. Pay-as-you-go ► Upto 100 GB $ 39 1 TB $ 390 10 TB $ 3,900 Paid-up (10 years) ► Up to 100 GB $ 290 1 TB $ 2,900 10 TB $ 29,000 ► Assuming … ● Investment 2 % ● Staff COLA 1.5 % ● merit raise 1 % ● productivity 3 % ● Server discount 8 % ● Storage discount 5 % Pricing
- 10. Cost Modeling forSustainable Services http://wiki.ucop.edu/display/Curation/Cost+Modeling UC Curation Center http://www.cdlib.org/uc3 uc3@ucop.edu Stephen Abrams Mark Reyes Patricia Cruse Abhishek Salve Scott Fisher Joan Starr Erik Hetzner Tracy Seneca Greg Janée Carly Strasser John Kunze Marisa Strong Margaret Low Adrian Turner David Loy Perry Willett Information
Editor's Notes
- #3 The UC Curation Center is a CDL program whose mission is to provide innovative curation services to the UC community, the people of California, and the general public. Like many of you, we are being asked to transition to a partial cost-recovery operating mode, and to do so we need to understand fully our costs in order to place our service offerings on a truly sustainable footing. To further this goal, we needed to support two different pricing options: pay-as-you-go and paid-up. Pay-as-you-go pricing, as the name implies, is the operating mode of billing for preservation service on a periodic basis, generally annually. Paid-up pricing, on the other hand, is based on a one-time, up-front payment that is sufficient to fund all subsequent preservation activities over the contracted service period. Pay-as-you-pricing is only sustainable if your customer base has predicable and reliable funding sources. The economic reality at the University of California, and I suspect, at many of your institutions, lends itself towards boom-or-bust budget cycles. Additionally, much of the content that is coming our way is the result of grant funded research projects with fixed-term budgets. Given these circumstances, it is important that we can offer a paid-up option: a one-time, as a means to try to avoid “orphaned” content or risk possible data loss.
- #11 As mentioned, there is more information available on the UC3 curation wiki. Thank you for your attention, and I’d be happy to answer any questions you may have.