Presentation delivered at the CalAPA Spring Asphalt Pavement Conference April 9-10, 2014 in Ontario. Topic: The use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Recycled Asphalt Shinges is explored in-depth.

1. 11
HIGH RAP % IN HMAHIGH RAP % IN HMA
CALAPA SPRING CONFERENCE
ONTARIO
APRIL 10, 2014

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3. 33
WHAT IS RASWHAT IS RAS
 Recycled Asphalt ShinglesRecycled Asphalt Shingles
 About a dozen manufacturersAbout a dozen manufacturers
 Four out of five homes are covered withFour out of five homes are covered with
asphalt shingles.asphalt shingles.
 111 million squares of shingles111 million squares of shingles
 123 million tons123 million tons

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COMPOSTION OF ROOFINGCOMPOSTION OF ROOFING
SHINGLESSHINGLES
 30% TO 40% ASPHALT CEMENT. Harder (About 2530% TO 40% ASPHALT CEMENT. Harder (About 25
Pen @77F) than paving asphaltPen @77F) than paving asphalt
 40% to 60% hard rock granules (minus #10) and filler40% to 60% hard rock granules (minus #10) and filler
(minus 0.15mm)(minus 0.15mm)
 1% to 12% fiber (0.5 to 4.5mm long fiberglass or1% to 12% fiber (0.5 to 4.5mm long fiberglass or
cellulose) felt or miscellaneous materials.cellulose) felt or miscellaneous materials.

5. SOURCES OF RASSOURCES OF RAS
 From Tearoffs – Post consumerFrom Tearoffs – Post consumer
 From manufacturing waste/seconds –From manufacturing waste/seconds –
typically 5% to 10% of production -typically 5% to 10% of production -
PreconsumerPreconsumer
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WHY RECYCLE?WHY RECYCLE?
 Landfill shortage. If RAS not recycled itLandfill shortage. If RAS not recycled it
will end up in landfills - 95% of allwill end up in landfills - 95% of all
roofing waste.roofing waste.
 In 1992 disposal costs ranged from $30In 1992 disposal costs ranged from $30
to $55/tonto $55/ton
 Beneficial UseBeneficial Use
 Excellent performanceExcellent performance

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USE OF RASUSE OF RAS
 AASHTO MP15-12 Use of ReclaimedAASHTO MP15-12 Use of Reclaimed
Asphalt Shingles as an Additive in HMAAsphalt Shingles as an Additive in HMA
 AASHTO PP-53 2012 – DesignAASHTO PP-53 2012 – Design
Considerations When Using RAS in NewConsiderations When Using RAS in New
HMAHMA
 Researchers are still trying to come upResearchers are still trying to come up
with a simple mix design method.with a simple mix design method.

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Design ConsiderationsDesign Considerations
 Determining Shingles AggregateDetermining Shingles Aggregate
Gradation and Specific GravityGradation and Specific Gravity
 Estimating the Contribution of the RASEstimating the Contribution of the RAS
asphalt binder to the Final Blended Binderasphalt binder to the Final Blended Binder
in New HMA.in New HMA.
 PG and Percentage of the Virgin AsphaltPG and Percentage of the Virgin Asphalt
Binder in New HMABinder in New HMA

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MIX DESIGN PROCESSMIX DESIGN PROCESS
 Representative Samples of RAS.Representative Samples of RAS.
 ASTM D 2172 or AASHTO T308 .ASTM D 2172 or AASHTO T308 .
 RAS used is minus 8 MeshRAS used is minus 8 Mesh
 Either Abson Recovery (ASTM D1856) orEither Abson Recovery (ASTM D1856) or
Rotary Evaporator (ASTM D 5404)Rotary Evaporator (ASTM D 5404)
 PG grading of Tearoff RAS - +PG 150PG grading of Tearoff RAS - +PG 150
 Blend to PG 64 -10 with blending chartsBlend to PG 64 -10 with blending charts

10. 1010
Vulcan Los Angeles Regional LabVulcan Los Angeles Regional Lab
Viscosity
Testing
Extraction/Recover
y

11. Recovery of RAS BinderRecovery of RAS Binder
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13. Typical RAS MaterialTypical RAS Material
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14. RAS Test DataRAS Test Data
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15. Recycling Agents (ASTM
D4552)
RA1 RA5 RA25 RA75 RA250 RA500
Viscosity @
60C (cSt) 50-175 176-900901-
4500
4501-
12500
12501-
37500
37501-
60,000
Flash Point, C,
Minimum
218 218 218 218 218 218
Saturates, %,
Minimum
30 30 30 30 30 30
Viscosity Ratio
(RTFO or
TFO)
3 3 3 3 3 3

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Mix Design ProceduresMix Design Procedures
 Asphalt Content, Aggregate GradationAsphalt Content, Aggregate Gradation
and PG or RAPand PG or RAP
 Gradation of New AggregateGradation of New Aggregate
 Combined Gradation of Recycled MixCombined Gradation of Recycled Mix
 Either Hveem, Marshall or SuperpaveEither Hveem, Marshall or Superpave
 Binder Replacement specBinder Replacement spec

17. Binder ReplacementBinder Replacement
 Binder Replacement +( (A x B)/C ) x 100Binder Replacement +( (A x B)/C ) x 100
 A = RAS percent binder contentA = RAS percent binder content
 B = RAS percent in mixtureB = RAS percent in mixture
 C = Total percent binder content inC = Total percent binder content in
mixture.mixture.
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18. Binder Replacement ExampleBinder Replacement Example
 A = RAS AC% = 30.0A = RAS AC% = 30.0
 B = RAS % in mixture = 4.3B = RAS % in mixture = 4.3
 C = Total percent binder in mixture = 5.2C = Total percent binder in mixture = 5.2
 Binder Replacement = 24.8%Binder Replacement = 24.8%
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Caltrans Superpave SpecsCaltrans Superpave Specs
 For HMA with Binder Replacement lessFor HMA with Binder Replacement less
than or equal to 25% of OBC you maythan or equal to 25% of OBC you may
REQUEST step down PG binderREQUEST step down PG binder
 For HMA with a binder replacementFor HMA with a binder replacement
greater than 25% but less than 40% ofgreater than 25% but less than 40% of
OBC you MUST USE step down PGOBC you MUST USE step down PG
binderbinder
 No provisions for Rejuvenating AgentsNo provisions for Rejuvenating Agents

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Caltrans Superpave SpecsCaltrans Superpave Specs
 For HMA with RAP the maximum binderFor HMA with RAP the maximum binder
replacement must be:replacement must be:
– 25.0% percent of OBC for surface course25.0% percent of OBC for surface course
– 40.o% percent of OBC for lower courses40.o% percent of OBC for lower courses

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RAP Processing

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RAP Processing

23. RAP FractionationRAP Fractionation
 For RAP substitution of 15% or less,For RAP substitution of 15% or less,
fractionation is not required.fractionation is not required.
 For RAP substitution greater than 15%For RAP substitution greater than 15%
Fractionate RAP stockpiles into 2 sizes:Fractionate RAP stockpiles into 2 sizes:
– Coarse RAP – Retained on 3/8” screen –Coarse RAP – Retained on 3/8” screen –
100% Passing the 1” screen100% Passing the 1” screen
– Fine RAP – Passing 3/8” screen (98 -100%)Fine RAP – Passing 3/8” screen (98 -100%)
– You may use the Coarse fraction, fine fractionYou may use the Coarse fraction, fine fraction
or combo of both.or combo of both.
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Fine Fractionated RAPFine Fractionated RAP
StockpileStockpile

25. 2525
Coarse Fractionated RAP ProductCoarse Fractionated RAP Product
3/8”minus RAP

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THANK YOU

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QuestionsQuestions
Pascal Mascarenhas
Vulcan Materials
mascarenhasp@vmcmail.com
626-856-6190 Phone
626-969-2918 Fax
626-705-6611 Cell