The document explains the concepts of parent and child classes in object-oriented programming (OOP), highlighting the importance of inheritance in code organization. Parent classes contain common attributes and methods, while child classes inherit these properties and can add specific functionalities. Inheritance promotes code reuse, maintainability, and flexibility in software development.

1. PARENT AND CHILD
CLASSES IN OOP
UNDERSTANDING INHERITANCE IN OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

2. INTRODUCTIONTO OOP
• Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a paradigm based on
the concept of "objects.“
• It helps in organizing code in reusable and modular
components.
• Key concepts: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, and
Polymorphism.

3. WHAT ARE PARENT AND CHILD CLASSES?
• Parent Class (Base/Superclass): A general class that
contains common attributes and methods.
• Child Class (Derived/Subclass):A class that inherits the
properties and methods of the parent class and can
have additional specific attributes or methods.

4. INHERITANCE IN OOP
• Inheritance allows a child class to reuse the methods
and properties of a parent class.
• Promotes code reuse and reduces redundancy.
• Child classes can extend or modify the behavior of the
parent class.

5. SYNTAX OF INHERITANCE (EXAMPLE IN PYTHON)
NOTE: Child inherits from Parent and can use both parent and child methods.

6. EXAMPLE OF PARENT CLASS (ANIMAL)
• Parent class Animal with common properties like name and age.

7. EXAMPLE OF CHILD CLASS (DOG)
• Dog class inherits from Animal and adds a specific method bark.

8. KEY FEATURES OF PARENT AND CHILD CLASSES
• Method Overriding: Child class can override methods
from the parent class.
• Multiple Inheritance: A child class can inherit from
multiple parents in some languages (e.g., Python).
• Extensibility: Child classes can extend the functionality
of the parent class.

9. ADVANTAGES OF USING PARENT-CHILD CLASSES
• Code Reusability: Common functionality is written
once in the parent class.
• Maintainability: Centralized updates in the parent
class reflect in all child classes.
• Flexibility: Child classes can extend or specialize the
behavior of the parent class.

10. CONCLUSION
• Parent-child classes (inheritance) are fundamental to
OOP.
• Inheritance allows for creating hierarchical
relationships between classes.
• Promotes cleaner, more organized, and maintainable
code.

11. END