The document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP), focusing on the concepts of public and private attributes and methods. Public members are accessible from outside the class, while private members are restricted to the defining class, ensuring data encapsulation and integrity. The use of getter and setter methods is emphasized for controlled access to private attributes.

1. PRIVATE AND PUBLIC
ATTRIBUTES AND
METHODS
MARIO B. CADAY
INSTRUCTOR I

2. INTRODUCTION TO OBJECT-ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING (OOP)
Main Points:
 OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.
Objects represent real-world entities and are defined by attributes (data)
and methods (functions).

3. WHAT ARE ATTRIBUTES AND METHODS?
 Attributes (Fields or Properties): Variables that hold data about the object.
 Methods (Functions): Actions or behaviors that an object can perform.

4. PUBLIC ATTRIBUTES AND METHODS
• Definition: Public members are accessible from outside the class.
• Use Case: Good for attributes or methods that need to be accessed by other
classes or modules.
• Syntax: Typically, no special symbol is required to declare something public.

5. PRIVATE ATTRIBUTES AND METHODS
 Definition: Private members are restricted to the class where they are
defined.
 Use Case: Used to hide implementation details and protect the integrity of
data.
 Syntax: In Python, prefix an attribute or method with two underscores __ to
make it private.

6. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
MEMBERS
 Access:
 Public members can be accessed by any part of the code.
 Private members can only be accessed within the class they are defined in.
Example Comparison:
 Public method can be called from outside: car.drive()
 Private method can’t be accessed directly: car.__drive() would raise an error.

7. WHY USE PRIVATE MEMBERS?
Main Points:
Encapsulation: Protects data by controlling access.
Data Integrity: Prevents accidental modification.
Abstraction: Hides the complexity of the internal
workings of a class.
Security: Secures sensitive information.

8. GETTER AND SETTER METHODS
• Purpose: Provide controlled access to private attributes through public
methods.

9. REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE (CAR CLASS)

10. CONCLUSION
• Main Points:
Public attributes and methods allow for flexibility in accessing
and modifying data.
Private attributes and methods help encapsulate and protect
sensitive data.
Using getter and setter methods maintains data integrity while
allowing controlled access.

11. END