This document provides an overview of the livestock and poultry sectors in Pakistan. It notes that livestock contributes 11.4% to Pakistan's GDP and discusses population trends and herd sizes for various livestock. It also describes the traditional and intensive production systems for poultry and outlines the dairy, meat and veterinary institutions in Pakistan. Key constraints to livestock development are identified and the livestock and poultry development policies and strategies are summarized.

2. Livestock and PoultryLivestock and Poultry
Sectors in PakistanSectors in Pakistan
Allah Dad Khan

4. Livestock in nationalLivestock in national
economyeconomy
Livestock in Pak GDP 11.4 %
Share in agri. GDP 53.2 %
Livestock in export 8.5 %
Dependent families > 8.5 m
Provides raw material for industry
Social security for rural poor
Security against crop failure in
barani areas

5. Livestock PopulationLivestock Population
(Million
Heads)
Province Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat
Camel
Pakistan (2006) 29.6 27.3 26.5 53.8
0.9
Pakistan (2010) 34.3 30.8 27.8
59.9 1.0
Per cent distribution
Khyber Phakhtunkhaw 20 7 13 18 7
Punjab 49 65 24 37
22
Sindh 23 27 15 23 30
Balochistan 8 1 48 22 41
Economic Survey (2009-10)

6. Livestock Population TrendLivestock Population Trend
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
1955 1960 1972 1976 1986 1996 2006
Census Year
Numbers(X000)
Cattle
Buffaloes
Sheep
Goats

7. Number of households reportingNumber of households reporting
livestocklivestock (2006)(2006)
Herd
Size
Cattle Buffalo Flock
Size
Sheep Goat
1-6 5.204
(84.1)
5.001
(83.4)
1-30 1.390
(88.9)
6.576
(96.7)
7-15 0.826
(13.3)
0.843
(14.1)
31-75 0.119
(7.6)
0.173
(2.5)
16-50 0.140
(2.3)
0.140
(2.3)
76-350 0.050
(3.2)
0.049
(0.7)
> 50 0.018
(0.3)
0.012
(0.2)
> 350 0.005
(0.3)
0.004
(0.1)
Total 6.188
(100)
5.996
(100)
Total 1.564
(100)
6.802
(100)
Values in parentheses indicate %age
Million Households

8. Herd Size Profile in PakistanHerd Size Profile in Pakistan (2006)(2006)
Herd
Size
Cattle Buffalo Flock
Size
Sheep Goat
1-6 14.9
(50.3)
14.4
(52.7)
1-30 9.9
(37.4)
36.2
(67.3)
7-15 7.7
(26.1)
7.8
(28.6)
31-75 5.5
(20.8)
7.8
(14.5)
16-50 3.3
(11.1)
3.2
(11.7)
76-350 6.9
(26.0)
6.5
(12.1)
> 50 3.7
(12.5)
1.9
(7.0)
> 350 4.2
(15.8)
3.3
(6.1)
Total 29.6
(100)
27.3
(100)
Total 26.5
(100)
53.8
(100)
Million animals
Values in parentheses indicate %age

9. Livestock Production SystemsLivestock Production Systems
Cattle and Buffaloes
- Rural Subsistence Small Holdings
- Rural Market Oriented Small
Holdings
- Rural Commercial Farming
- Peri-urban/Urban Commercial
Dairying
- Desert Cattle Farming
- Corporate Dairy Farming
Sheep and Goats
- Nomadic
- Transhumant
- Sedentary / Household
Poultry
- Rural (range) Poultry
- Intensive Poultry

10. Traditional Rural PoultryTraditional Rural Poultry
Almost every rural household and some
urban households raise poultry
Poultry Population 73.65 million
Contribution to egg production 41.6%
Contribution to meat production 24.3%
Breeds: 3 local, 2 imported
Hatching: Brooding hens
Feeding: Scavengers
Important Diseases: Newcastle disease,
Fowl cholera, Fowl pox
Census 2006

12. Intensive (Commercial) PoultryIntensive (Commercial) Poultry
History
◦ 1963-65 Beginning of commercial poultry
◦ 1970s Broiler and layer farms
◦ 1980s Breeders farms, chick quality
improvement
◦ 1990s Grand parents, better management
◦ 2000s Environmentally controlled housing,
Processing and value chain
Status
◦ Share in poultry meat 75.7 %
◦ Share in eggs 58.4 %
◦ Grand parents 5 companies
◦ Breeders 6.8 million
◦ Layers 25 million
◦ Broilers 434 million
◦ Farms 25,897
◦ Hatcheries 305
◦ Feed Mills 154

13. Dairy Sub-sectorDairy Sub-sector
Total milk production (09-10) 36.299 m tons
Milk market
◦ Producers (self or direct selling) 68.0 %
◦ Informal market (Gawala operated) 28.5 %
◦ Formal dairy industry 3.5 %
Dairy industry
◦ 25 out of 49 dairy plants are operational
◦ Main players are Nestle, Engro, Haleeb,
Shakargang, Millac
◦ Main products are UHT and Pasteurized milk, Milk
powder, Yougurt, Cream, Cheese, etc.
◦ 3.0 million litres per day being procurement
◦ Rs 63 million daily going to rural economy

14. Meat Sub-sectorMeat Sub-sector
 Total meat production (09-10) 2.965 million tons
◦ Beef Production 1.655 million tons
◦ Mutton Production 0.603 million tons
◦ Poultry Meat 0.707 million tons
 Meat market
◦ Butchers operated shops, many slaughter at shops
◦ Main players at slaughter house are “Arties”
◦ Mainly fresh meat selling
◦ A few chilled meat selling modern butcheries started
 Meat industry
◦ 80 % slaughtering done outside out side
slaughterhouses
◦ Local governments own and operate slaughter houses,
generally rated as unhygienic
◦ 11 private sector slaughter houses registered by Animal
Quarantine Department and importing countries
◦ Total export is < 0.6 percent of the production
◦ 46 casing factories processing guts for export
◦ Bone meal / gelatin also being exported

15. Roles in Livestock DevelopmentRoles in Livestock Development
 Federal
◦ National policies, planning & economic coordination
◦ Import/export of animals and animal products and
animal quarantine
◦ Research and international coordination
◦ Catalyst for livestock development
 Provincial
◦ Livestock Development
◦ Veterinary Vaccine Production
◦ Disease surveillance and reporting
◦ Livestock research
◦ Livestock production and health education
◦ Milk and meat quality
 District
◦ Veterinary Health service (Preventive & Curative)
◦ Breeding services (Artificial insemination)
◦ Animal slaughtering
◦ Livestock Markets

16. Veterinary Institutions in PakistanVeterinary Institutions in Pakistan
Region Vet
faculty
Res/Vac
Inst.
Hospital Dispen
saries
Vet.
Centres
Labs
Punjab 6 1 530 1213 1713 28
Sindh 1 2 119 60 608 7
NWFP 2 1 98 363 218 7
Baloch
.
1 1 116 783 - 15
AJK 1 - 59 66 129 6
NA - - 12 165 - 7
FATA - - 25 212 207 1
ICT - 1 4 7 - 1
Total 11 6 963 2869 2875 72

17. Production Institutions in PakistanProduction Institutions in Pakistan
Region Teach
faculty
Researc
h
Institute
Tech
Trg
Ins
SP + AI
centres
Farm
(L+P)
Ext
Centr
e
Punjab 6 4 2 6+835 22+9 -
Sindh 1 1 2 2+76 5+14 -
KPK 1 1 1 3+331* 5+3 -
Baloch
.
1 1 1 1+64 14+18 -
AJK 1 1 - 38 1+4 184
NA - - - 1+4 -
FATA - - - 1+118 +1 -
ICT - - - +11 - 1
Total 10 8 6 13+1473 48+53 185

18. Livestock DevelopmentLivestock Development
ConstraintsConstraints
Inadequate feed resources (short by
30%)
Widespread breeding of genetically
inferior livestock
Epidemics of infectious diseases
Poor marketing infrastructure
Inadequate institutional infrastructure
Outdated regulatory framework
Limited credit availability to the livestock
farmers (1/10 of agricultural credit)
Low investment by government

19. Livestock Development PolicyLivestock Development Policy
Vision
Promoting livestock to provide safe and
quality products at competitive prices,
covering entire value chain with focus on
market and poverty reduction
Policy
Private sector led development with
public sector providing enabling
environment
Strategy
◦ Private sector led
◦ Increase in productivity
◦ Moving from subsistence farming to
market-oriented and commercial
farming
◦ Covering entire value chain

20. Poultry Development PolicyPoultry Development Policy
Vision
Supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs
and value added products to the domestic
and international markets at competitive
prices
Policy
Facilitate and support private sector-led
development for sustainable poultry
products
Strategy
◦ Hi-tech intensive poultry production
◦ Processing and value addition
◦ Improving bio-security
◦ Disease control and genetic
improvement in rural poultry