The document discusses renewable energy development in ASEAN and opportunities for climate change partnership between the EU and ASEAN. It notes that while ASEAN countries have made efforts to develop renewable energy, there remains an "implementation gap". The EU has experience supporting renewable energy that could help ASEAN by sharing policies, incentives, technologies, and best practices from its own transition. Specific areas of cooperation discussed include energy efficiency, biofuels, hydropower, and facilitating private sector investment. Bilateral partnerships between EU countries and ASEAN members have already established some baseline support for renewable energy capacity building and studies.
Roadmap for moving to a low-carbon economy by 2050Leonardo ENERGY
If global warming is to be held below 2°C compared to pre-industrial times, then all major economies will need to make deep emissions reductions. By 2050, the European Union could cut most of its greenhouse gas emissions. The European Commission has looked at cost-efficient ways to make the European economy more climate-friendly and less energy-consuming. With its Roadmap for moving to a competitive low-carbon economy in 2050, the European Commission has looked beyond short-term objectives and set out a cost-effective pathway for achieving much deeper emission cuts by the middle of the century.
The Roadmap is the main long-term policy initiative put forward to move the EU towards using resources in a sustainable way. It states that, by 2050, the EU should cut its emissions to 80% below 1990 levels through domestic reductions alone. It sets out milestones which form a cost-effective pathway to this goal - reductions of 40% by 2030 and 60% by 2040. It also shows how the main sectors responsible for Europe's emissions - power generation, industry, transport, buildings and construction, as well as agriculture - can make the transition to a low-carbon economy most cost-effectively.
Since 2010, the world has added more solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity than in the previous four decades. New systems were installed in 2013 at a rate of 100 megawatts (MW) of capacity per day. Total global capacity overtook 150 gigawatts (GW) in early 2014. The geographical pattern of deployment is rapidly changing. While a few European countries, led by Germany and Italy, initiated large-scale PV development, PV systems are now expanding in other parts of the world, often under sunnier skies. Since 2013, the People’s Republic of China has led the global PV market, followed by Japan and the United States. PV system prices have been divided by three in six years in most markets, while module prices have been divided by five. The cost of electricity from new built systems varies from USD 90 to USD 300/MWh depending on the solar resource; the type, size and cost of systems; maturity of markets and costs of capital. This roadmap envisions PV’s share of global electricity reaching 16% by 2050, a significant increase from the 11% goal in the 2010 roadmap. PV generation would contribute 17% to all clean electricity, and 20% of all renewable electricity. China is expected to continue leading the global market, accounting for about 37% of global capacity by 2050. Achieving this roadmap’s vision of 4 600 GW of installed PV capacity by 2050 would avoid the emission of up to 4 gigatonnes (Gt) of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually. This roadmap assumes that the costs of electricity from PV in different parts of the world will converge as markets develop, with an average cost reduction of 25% by 2020, 45% by 2030, and 65% by 2050, leading to a range of USD 40 to 160/MWh, assuming a cost of capital of 8%. To achieve the vision in this roadmap, the total PV capacity installed each year needs to rise rapidly, from 36 GW in 2013 to 124 GW per year on average, with a peak of 200 GW per year between 2025 and 2040. Including the cost of repowering – the replacement of older installations – annual investment needs to reach an average of about USD 225 billion, more than twice that of 2013.
China could use an expected boom in electric vehicles to stabilise a grid that depends heavily on wind and solar energy.“The biggest challenge for renewable energy development is not economic issues, it is technical issues. Variability. Variability is the biggest issue for us,” said Wang, who explained variability like so: “When we have wind we have electricity; when we have sun we have electricity. No wind and no sun, no electricity.”
Wang Zhongying, director of the China National Renewable Energy Center and deputy director general of the Energy Research Institute at China’s National Development and Reform Commission.
Roadmap for moving to a low-carbon economy by 2050Leonardo ENERGY
If global warming is to be held below 2°C compared to pre-industrial times, then all major economies will need to make deep emissions reductions. By 2050, the European Union could cut most of its greenhouse gas emissions. The European Commission has looked at cost-efficient ways to make the European economy more climate-friendly and less energy-consuming. With its Roadmap for moving to a competitive low-carbon economy in 2050, the European Commission has looked beyond short-term objectives and set out a cost-effective pathway for achieving much deeper emission cuts by the middle of the century.
The Roadmap is the main long-term policy initiative put forward to move the EU towards using resources in a sustainable way. It states that, by 2050, the EU should cut its emissions to 80% below 1990 levels through domestic reductions alone. It sets out milestones which form a cost-effective pathway to this goal - reductions of 40% by 2030 and 60% by 2040. It also shows how the main sectors responsible for Europe's emissions - power generation, industry, transport, buildings and construction, as well as agriculture - can make the transition to a low-carbon economy most cost-effectively.
Since 2010, the world has added more solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity than in the previous four decades. New systems were installed in 2013 at a rate of 100 megawatts (MW) of capacity per day. Total global capacity overtook 150 gigawatts (GW) in early 2014. The geographical pattern of deployment is rapidly changing. While a few European countries, led by Germany and Italy, initiated large-scale PV development, PV systems are now expanding in other parts of the world, often under sunnier skies. Since 2013, the People’s Republic of China has led the global PV market, followed by Japan and the United States. PV system prices have been divided by three in six years in most markets, while module prices have been divided by five. The cost of electricity from new built systems varies from USD 90 to USD 300/MWh depending on the solar resource; the type, size and cost of systems; maturity of markets and costs of capital. This roadmap envisions PV’s share of global electricity reaching 16% by 2050, a significant increase from the 11% goal in the 2010 roadmap. PV generation would contribute 17% to all clean electricity, and 20% of all renewable electricity. China is expected to continue leading the global market, accounting for about 37% of global capacity by 2050. Achieving this roadmap’s vision of 4 600 GW of installed PV capacity by 2050 would avoid the emission of up to 4 gigatonnes (Gt) of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually. This roadmap assumes that the costs of electricity from PV in different parts of the world will converge as markets develop, with an average cost reduction of 25% by 2020, 45% by 2030, and 65% by 2050, leading to a range of USD 40 to 160/MWh, assuming a cost of capital of 8%. To achieve the vision in this roadmap, the total PV capacity installed each year needs to rise rapidly, from 36 GW in 2013 to 124 GW per year on average, with a peak of 200 GW per year between 2025 and 2040. Including the cost of repowering – the replacement of older installations – annual investment needs to reach an average of about USD 225 billion, more than twice that of 2013.
China could use an expected boom in electric vehicles to stabilise a grid that depends heavily on wind and solar energy.“The biggest challenge for renewable energy development is not economic issues, it is technical issues. Variability. Variability is the biggest issue for us,” said Wang, who explained variability like so: “When we have wind we have electricity; when we have sun we have electricity. No wind and no sun, no electricity.”
Wang Zhongying, director of the China National Renewable Energy Center and deputy director general of the Energy Research Institute at China’s National Development and Reform Commission.
What Are The Plans of Indonesia to Reduce The Carbon Footprint in The Energy ...Dimas Naufal Al Ghifari
An analysis of Indonesia's readiness in embracing the development of its renewable energy sources in a form of consulting slides. An overview analysis of the present energy situation is established followed by the highlights of the current key renewables-related policies and regulations. Numerous remarks and recommendations are presented at the end.
Transition from coal fire power generation to renewable energy for public.pptxSampe Purba
the global and national fact sheet shows, despite the campaign to renewable energy, the dependence on fossil based energy is the reality. Every country needs to make a comprehensive assessment in line to its national interest, without leaving the responsibility as global citizen sharing the same universe.
European Parliament Hearing: Energy Efficiency Measures under the Cohesion Po...Housing Europe
The presentation of CECODHAS Housing Europe at the Regional Development (REGI) Committee of the European Parliament in Brussels.
"How to support the implementation of energy efficiency measures under the Cohesion Policy 2014-2020; Policy recommendations from several EU projects"
Presentation by the CECODHAS Housing Europe Policy Coordinator, Julien Dijol.
Brussels, 23 April 2013
PPT Cecilia Tam- OECD Stakeholder Dialogue on Mobilising Clean Energy Finance...OECD Environment
Presentation from Cecilia Tam, OECD
OECD Stakeholder dialogue: Mobilising Clean Energy Finance and Investment
Joint OECD-Government of Indonesia (GoI) Workshop at the Indo EBTKE Conex 2019, 8 November, Jakarta
How JICA mobilizes private sector finance and investments for affordable and ...OECD Environment
BIAC-OECD Virtual Roundtable on mobilising private sector finance and investments for affordable and clean energy in developing countries, 26 October 2021
Study on Implementation of LED Lights for Industrial Lighting to optimize pow...Rahmatul Alam Ivan
World requires optimization in every sectors of energy utilization to decrease natural resource consumption in an industrial sector and other end user sectors. For an efficient and optimized industrial power management system, optimized lighting power sector will be a key fact. This comprehensive and contemporary study shows a path towards optimization of lighting power utilizing LEDs and some optimized proposals for the industries. It will make an impact over traditional Lighting power consumption. It will help to compare the current lighting standards utilized in an industry.
CCS Ready in Thailand: A Progress Report - Boonrasri TongpenyaiGlobal CCS Institute
This presentation was given as part of the CCS Ready workshop which was held in association with the 6th Asia Clean Energy Forum (20 – 24 June, Manila)
The workshop discussed the range of measures and best practices that can be implemented to prompt the design, permitting and construction of CCS projects when designing or building a new fossil fuelled energy or industrial plant.
The workshop hosted participants of the Asian Development Banks’ Regional Technical Assistance Program who updated the group on the outcomes of their individual projects.
This presentation provides an update on the current project being undertaken under the Asian Development Bank’s Regional Technical Assistance Program which aims to conduct an analysis of the potential for CCS, culminating in a road map for a CCS demonstration project in Thailand.
Giuseppe Desogus, Engeneer at FOSTEr in MED beneficiary DICAAR (Department of Architecture - University of Cagliari), presents the energy issue and the European Union energy policy.
###
FOSTEr in MED project kick-off meeting was held in Cagliari, on February 26th 2013.
The total budget of FOSTEr in MED project is 4,5 million Euro and it is financed for an amount of 4,05 milion Euro by European union through the ENPI CBC Mediterranean Sea Basin Programme (www.enpicbcmed.eu).
For more information, please contact: Project Management Office DICAAR Via Marengo 2 – 09123 Cagliari (Italy) Ph. +39 070 6755811 email management@fosterinmed.eu | visibility@fosterinmed.eu
The International Energy Agency’s Efficient World ScenarioLeonardo ENERGY
The International Energy Agency (IEA) has developed an Efficient World Scenario (EWS) to highlight the benefits to the global energy system from the adoption of cost-effective energy efficiency measures. This presentation will provide an overview of the EWS, which was published in the IEA’s Energy Efficiency 2018 report, and include an examination the potential efficiency gains in the transport, buildings and industry sectors and the policy measures needed to realise this potential.
Cameron Highland to be listed in World Heritage - Cultural LandscapeKenneth Wong
Proposing Cameron Highlands as Cultural Landscape site for UNESCO tentative listing. Emphasize the integrity and authenticity of the colonial idea of hill station and tea estate activity, settlements of indigenous people, and biodiversity richness of mossy forest in Cameron Highlands. Criteria (ii), (v), (vi) and (ix) are determined for the project site, with relevant SWOT, success indicator and project output.
Questo dossier di candidatura sarà presentato al governo nazionale della Malesia per introdurre Cameron Highlands come un luogo principale per la nomina del paesaggio culturale nel tentativo lista UNESCO del patrimonio mondiale.
Oltre dall'analisi SWOT della situazione attuale, il progetto di intervento presenterà anche il piano di azione necessario per migliorare l'integrità e l'autenticità del sito, così come le misure di protezione e di gestione necessari.
Il rapporto ha anche progettato i benefici che possono derivare dalla popolazione locale e il governo centrale: "hill station", concetto che è stato migliorato, la biodiversità della foresta muschio protetto, elevazione dello stato di Orang Asli.
What Are The Plans of Indonesia to Reduce The Carbon Footprint in The Energy ...Dimas Naufal Al Ghifari
An analysis of Indonesia's readiness in embracing the development of its renewable energy sources in a form of consulting slides. An overview analysis of the present energy situation is established followed by the highlights of the current key renewables-related policies and regulations. Numerous remarks and recommendations are presented at the end.
Transition from coal fire power generation to renewable energy for public.pptxSampe Purba
the global and national fact sheet shows, despite the campaign to renewable energy, the dependence on fossil based energy is the reality. Every country needs to make a comprehensive assessment in line to its national interest, without leaving the responsibility as global citizen sharing the same universe.
European Parliament Hearing: Energy Efficiency Measures under the Cohesion Po...Housing Europe
The presentation of CECODHAS Housing Europe at the Regional Development (REGI) Committee of the European Parliament in Brussels.
"How to support the implementation of energy efficiency measures under the Cohesion Policy 2014-2020; Policy recommendations from several EU projects"
Presentation by the CECODHAS Housing Europe Policy Coordinator, Julien Dijol.
Brussels, 23 April 2013
PPT Cecilia Tam- OECD Stakeholder Dialogue on Mobilising Clean Energy Finance...OECD Environment
Presentation from Cecilia Tam, OECD
OECD Stakeholder dialogue: Mobilising Clean Energy Finance and Investment
Joint OECD-Government of Indonesia (GoI) Workshop at the Indo EBTKE Conex 2019, 8 November, Jakarta
How JICA mobilizes private sector finance and investments for affordable and ...OECD Environment
BIAC-OECD Virtual Roundtable on mobilising private sector finance and investments for affordable and clean energy in developing countries, 26 October 2021
Study on Implementation of LED Lights for Industrial Lighting to optimize pow...Rahmatul Alam Ivan
World requires optimization in every sectors of energy utilization to decrease natural resource consumption in an industrial sector and other end user sectors. For an efficient and optimized industrial power management system, optimized lighting power sector will be a key fact. This comprehensive and contemporary study shows a path towards optimization of lighting power utilizing LEDs and some optimized proposals for the industries. It will make an impact over traditional Lighting power consumption. It will help to compare the current lighting standards utilized in an industry.
CCS Ready in Thailand: A Progress Report - Boonrasri TongpenyaiGlobal CCS Institute
This presentation was given as part of the CCS Ready workshop which was held in association with the 6th Asia Clean Energy Forum (20 – 24 June, Manila)
The workshop discussed the range of measures and best practices that can be implemented to prompt the design, permitting and construction of CCS projects when designing or building a new fossil fuelled energy or industrial plant.
The workshop hosted participants of the Asian Development Banks’ Regional Technical Assistance Program who updated the group on the outcomes of their individual projects.
This presentation provides an update on the current project being undertaken under the Asian Development Bank’s Regional Technical Assistance Program which aims to conduct an analysis of the potential for CCS, culminating in a road map for a CCS demonstration project in Thailand.
Giuseppe Desogus, Engeneer at FOSTEr in MED beneficiary DICAAR (Department of Architecture - University of Cagliari), presents the energy issue and the European Union energy policy.
###
FOSTEr in MED project kick-off meeting was held in Cagliari, on February 26th 2013.
The total budget of FOSTEr in MED project is 4,5 million Euro and it is financed for an amount of 4,05 milion Euro by European union through the ENPI CBC Mediterranean Sea Basin Programme (www.enpicbcmed.eu).
For more information, please contact: Project Management Office DICAAR Via Marengo 2 – 09123 Cagliari (Italy) Ph. +39 070 6755811 email management@fosterinmed.eu | visibility@fosterinmed.eu
The International Energy Agency’s Efficient World ScenarioLeonardo ENERGY
The International Energy Agency (IEA) has developed an Efficient World Scenario (EWS) to highlight the benefits to the global energy system from the adoption of cost-effective energy efficiency measures. This presentation will provide an overview of the EWS, which was published in the IEA’s Energy Efficiency 2018 report, and include an examination the potential efficiency gains in the transport, buildings and industry sectors and the policy measures needed to realise this potential.
Cameron Highland to be listed in World Heritage - Cultural LandscapeKenneth Wong
Proposing Cameron Highlands as Cultural Landscape site for UNESCO tentative listing. Emphasize the integrity and authenticity of the colonial idea of hill station and tea estate activity, settlements of indigenous people, and biodiversity richness of mossy forest in Cameron Highlands. Criteria (ii), (v), (vi) and (ix) are determined for the project site, with relevant SWOT, success indicator and project output.
Questo dossier di candidatura sarà presentato al governo nazionale della Malesia per introdurre Cameron Highlands come un luogo principale per la nomina del paesaggio culturale nel tentativo lista UNESCO del patrimonio mondiale.
Oltre dall'analisi SWOT della situazione attuale, il progetto di intervento presenterà anche il piano di azione necessario per migliorare l'integrità e l'autenticità del sito, così come le misure di protezione e di gestione necessari.
Il rapporto ha anche progettato i benefici che possono derivare dalla popolazione locale e il governo centrale: "hill station", concetto che è stato migliorato, la biodiversità della foresta muschio protetto, elevazione dello stato di Orang Asli.
Proposing Cameron Highlands as tentative Cultural Landscape site under UNESCO...Kenneth Wong
Proposing Cameron Highlands as Cultural Landscape site for UNESCO tentative listing. Emphasize the integrity and authenticity of the colonial idea of hill station and tea estate activity, settlements of indigenous people, and biodiversity richness of mossy forest in Cameron Highlands. Criteria (ii), (v), (vi) and (ix) are determined for the project site, with relevant SWOT, success indicator and project product.
Questo dossier di candidatura sarà presentato al governo nazionale della Malesia per introdurre Cameron Highlands come un luogo principale per la nomina del paesaggio culturale nel tentativo lista UNESCO del patrimonio mondiale.
Oltre dall'analisi SWOT della situazione attuale, il progetto di intervento presenterà anche il piano di azione necessario per migliorare l'integrità e l'autenticità del sito, così come le misure di protezione e di gestione necessari.
Il rapporto ha anche progettato i benefici che possono derivare dalla popolazione locale e il governo centrale: "hill station", concetto che è stato migliorato, la biodiversità della foresta muschio protetto, elevazione dello stato di Orang Asli.
Les critiques sur Georgetown au patrimoine mondialKenneth Wong
Reviewing the status of Georgetown (Penang, Malaysia) as the world cultural heritage in UNESCO listing. Based on criteria (ii), (iii) and (iv), critics mainly on the exclusion of Singapore as another old town city along the Melaka Straits; the invasion of boutique hotel in core area and the loose enforcement in controlling the development parameters in core area and buffer zone.
Revoir le statut de Georgetown (Penang, Malaisie) en tant que patrimoine culturel mondial de l'UNESCO dans le listing. Basé sur des critères (ii), (iii) et (iv), les critiques principalement sur l'exclusion de Singapour comme une autre ville de la vieille ville le long du détroit de Melaka, l'invasion de l'hôtel-boutique dans la zone centrale et de l'exécution en vrac dans le contrôle des paramètres de développement dans zone centrale et zone tampon.
People ideas culture business pitch linked inKenneth Wong
This is a sole propertaire of Kenneth Wong. To be expanded into 20 key staffs in 2 years time. Totally envision that cultural entrepreneurship is the hot cake of future. Believe in agglomeration of people's idea form the culture given in a substantial time span.
This study is to investigate the relationship between the cultural landscapes in Asia and Asian Modernity. The cultural landscapes chosen are from the UNESCO World Heritage Listing, up to 2013. The second variable, modernity, is the result of simultaneous and contradictory influences and consequences of homogenization, pluralization, and hybridization of the material and non-material items.
The basic information of Asian countries, where the cultural landscapes are situated is to ground a foundation for readers to understand the location of the site, its’ population and density, ethnic majority, governance system, and followed by the nominated criteria of UNESCO. The sites are then linked to the contemporary backdrop to reveal the great diversity of the interactions between humans and their environment over the time span, to see whether they are sustaining the traditional living cultures, and to see how the current politics, socio and economic circumstances influence the sites.
The analysis is based on four categories: (i) Early human settlement and spiritual sites (Grottos and sacred sites), (ii) Economy and cultural activity prove (plantation, mining and trading route), (iii) Ancient township and empire remains, and (iv) Intentional human intervention landscape. Out of the 17 cultural landscapes in Asia, 16 are considered highly relevant with its modernity, except Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape (Azerbaijan).
To draw the relationship in this study, it is inevitable subjective. It prompts further question whether the result would be different if the continent would have changed? Also, since the result is positive, it further urges the relevant institutions to further brainstorming on what could be done, either through urban upgrading, humanitarian improving, rehabilitation of heritage, sustainable urban conservation and etc., to further enhance the cultural landscapes in this modern day.
Territorial oil disputes, rising fuel prices, nuclear disasters and choking smog levels have brought energy issues sharply into focus in recent years. Opinion polls have highlighted the concerns from all countries about the safety, affordability and sustainable supply of energy. This paper from Ipsos Business Consulting considers the energy challenges facing ASEAN countries up to the end of this decade and how they will shape the region in subsequent years. As the ASEAN economies continue to grow, so too will consumption rates of energy and hence, fossil fuels. This could create further strains on overloaded grids and further pollution in the skies and waterways. Ipsos will consider some the technologies and trends that could help to avert this disastrous scenario.
Powering ASEANs growth. A look at the trends that will influence ASEAN's use ...Tim Hill
In a summit meeting in Malaysia in 1997, ASEAN’s governments agreed on a mission statement for what the region should look like in 2020. This was dubbed the ASEAN Vision 2020 and covered many different aspects of the governance of the region including the energy program. Here, as elsewhere, the hope was that a unified economic group would be physically connected through initiatives such as the ASEAN Power Grid and a Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline and Water Pipeline. The idea was that the ASEAN member states would work together to promote energy efficiency and develop new renewable energy resources. With less than six years to go until the end of the decade, time will soon reveal whether the vision can become a reality and how the region is adapting to meet the energy needs to power its growth.
This paper is part of a series of thought leadership pieces on the year 2020 published by Ipsos Business Consulting to celebrate our twentieth anniversary and contribute towards the region’s knowledge and understanding of some of the industries that will be driving forces for Asia’s growth in the decades to come.
The paper will consider the energy challenges facing ASEAN countries up to the end of this decade and how they will shape the region in subsequent years. It’ll be asking whether the 2020 vision is achievable and whether regional policies can realistically form a viable energy program. ASEAN’s national governments will be viewed from the perspective of the role they have had in shaping the energy programs and the public perception of energy in the region. The ASEAN experience will be considered alongside other countries around the world to identify the sort of policies and environments that will meet the needs of the region.
At the midway point of this decade, some exciting new technologies are getting adopted around the world that are enabling both the viable uptake of alternative sources and the more efficient use of fossil fuels and legacy systems. The topic is huge, so this paper will focus on technologies that improve energy efficiency and manage different electricity formats as well as some of the drivers and barriers to the uptake of these technologies. In particular the role of the private sector will be considered and its potential to help the region to modernise and to meet the energy demands of the countries at differing stages of economic development undergoing rapid economic growth.
Powering ASEAN's growth. A look at the trends that will impact the use of pow...Tim Hill
How our use of energy will change in the next five years.
Clashes in the South China Sea, rising fuel prices, nuclear disasters and choking smog levels have brought energy issues sharply into focus in the region. As the deadline for ASEAN’s Vision 2020 gets nearer, will the region transition to a unified economic group, connected by power, gas and water networks, working together to promote energy efficiency?
Ipsos Business Consulting believes the future will involve a more complex array of energy options, but not necessarily a unified ASEAN program. In a whitepaper on this topic, author Tim Hill has outlined the energy trends that will shape the region. New technologies and practices will emerge in the latter part of this decade which will change the way the region extracts, produces, distributes and consumes energy. Hill hopes that some of these trends will enable ASEAN’s economies to grow without further damage to the environment.
From national grids to micro-grids and off-grid power
160M people in ASEAN (about 28% of the region) have no electricity. Getting full access to all through extending the grid will prove challenging and expensive. Micro-grids, such as the one operating as a test centre in Pulau Ubin will help to bridge this gap. Smaller plants powered by hybrid fossil and renewable sources will help to bring electricity to rural communities in Southeast Asia that previously have had to rely on generators. Remote areas will benefit from advances in technology with solar power and battery storage that will create enough electricity for lighting and other low level devices. In the cities more households will take on individual solar panels to reduce their electricity bills.
Electric vehicles
Other parts of the world are using electric cars and buses, and Singapore is looking at options in this space. SMRT added 600 Toyota Prius hybrid cars to its fleet at the end of last year and there are experiments with fully electric cars. Charging stations are starting to appear in select parts of Singapore.
Electric two wheelers are going to experience a tenfold increase during the course of this decade. Electric bikes are likely to replace petrol motorbikes and scooters throughout the region which will help to manage smog levels as urban populations grow.
Other types of electric personal transport such as Segways, scooters, skateboards etc are starting to pop up in our parks. These will become more mainstream forms of transport for short commutes during the rest of the decade. Governments in the region have been slow to recognise the advantages of electric two wheelers, seeing it as something that needs to be regulated and kept off the roads and off the walkways. This will change as the advantages of low cost, low speed vehicles become more mainstream
Summary of Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) project-SMILEGOV
The IEE funded project Smarter Multi Level Governance (SMILEGOV) is examining the major barriers to creating a low carbon society on islands. It is bringing together the various stakeholders and the multilevels of governance required to achieve the EU target of 20% reduction in Carbon and 20% increase in renewable energies by the year 2020, ie less than 6 years from now. The crux of the project is to engage all stakeholders including islanders to agree to the Pact of Islands. The pact asks for commitment to examine and agree an island energy action plan within 12 months of signing the document.
Using the Pan European Island programme SMILEGOV, we are working with other islands as per the Pact of Islands. To date, Arainn Mhor is creating a story board, a platform to collaborate, creating a model that others can emulate by working together.
Ahead of the publication of this year's country recommendations for the European Semester, this paper identifies priorities and modalities for the reform of the Semester so that it becomes a key instrument for operationalising the SDGs and implementing the European Green Deal at Member State level.
Annual report issued by the International Energy Agency. This newest report examines the critical role of price for crude oil in "rebalancing" supply and demand. The authors note the process of rebalancing (getting to higher prices) is rarely a smooth adjustment. Indeed! In the central scenario of this year's report, a tightening oil balance leads to a price around $80 per barrel by 2020--just five short years away.
The Need and Necessity of an EU-wide Renewable Energy Target for 2030Leonardo ENERGY
Highlights:
* Analysis of the two most viable options for renewable energy target-setting.
* One option is a ‘decarbonisation-only’ EU target with voluntary national targets for renewable energy.
* Alternative is an EU-wide renewable energy target, broken down into binding national targets.
* Analysis shows that the latter option is most suitable in facilitating a European low-carbon economy.
* It could help to keep energy costs for industry and society at sustainable levels.
A Civil Society Organization and Networks Position Paper with Suggested Issue...ENVIRONMENTALALERTEA1
This position paper is an output from several CSOs engagements coordinated by Environmental
Alert with financial support from Norad within the framework of ‘Increasing access to
sustainable and renewable energy alternatives in the AlbertineGraben’ that is implemented
by WWF-Uganda Country Office
Implications of the global transition to non fossil energySampe Purba
the ability of transitional from fossil to non fossil energy is unique across the countries. Hence, sympathetic cooperation among states and consideration of the existing facilities should be taken in to account
Renewable Energy Policy Status and Challenges of POME
p74-77+COP_GreenPlus.compressed
1. 74 C L I M AT E
G r e e n p l u s T M
| J u n e - J u l y 2 0 1 5
I
t is true though that the EU
relationship with ASEAN is rel-
atively young compared to other
regions in the world. Yet the EU
needs to advance towards the next
diplomacy and international rela-
tionship phase with ASEAN, focus-
ing not only on dialogue but also
translating dialogue into concrete
actions.
Certainly, climate change could
be one of the areas of common
interest for both parties.
In order to bringASEAN member
states on board, the EU needs to:
understand ASEAN’s posi-
tion and concerns related to
climate change and economic
development
commit substantive finan-
cial support to assist ASEAN to
implement its climate change
priorities.
Starting with climate finance, it is
no longer a secret that the EU has
increased its financial cooperation
package to ASEAN for the period
of 2014-2020 and that climate
change is one of the components
of future cooperation. Yet, such a
committed financial flux might not
be enough to develop the green
economy that the ASEAN region
is pursuing.
From this point of view, the EU
should think of proposing addi-
tional financial tools for ASEAN
such as the increase of financial
lines that the European Investment
Bank is channelling today towards
ASEAN countries. For instance,
an EU-ASEAN facility to promote
low carbon economic activities
in ASEAN countries could be
created.
This could facilitate not only the
implementation of climate change
policies inASEAN but also to foster
the participation of EU private
sector in the region, as well as the
transfer of EU technology.
European Countries have gone
through a very long process
from heavy industrialisation with
massive environmental costs
including anthropogenic climate
change. Looking at cumulative
emissions (Fig1), Europe is still
one of the main sources of GHG
in the atmosphere:
It is of great concern, ASEAN
countries are changing dramat-
ically with rapid increment of
cumulative GHG emission. This
could be the main reason for the
current “donor” and “recipient” sit-
uation. Hence, it is a fundamental
interest for EU countries to help
ASEAN countries to streamline the
long transition towards low carbon
economy.
Specifically in the view of the
current climate change adaptation,
it will only work if ASEAN countries
are working towards the mitigation
strategies at the same time. If the
two degree Celsius target of reduc-
tion cannot be reached, Europe
will be faced with a massive loss
of adaptive capacity. Likewise,
ASEAN countries are also mas-
sively impacted by climate
change and need to develop
our own climate adaptation
strategies where we can benefit
from European knowhow.
Hence, the partnership benefits
are leapfrogging for the high emis-
sion pathway in ASEAN countries
towards a low carbon economy
and at the same time transfer-
ring the bottom up knowledge on
adaptation from Europe to ASEAN
countries.
RENEWABLE ENERGY (RE)
REALISATION IN ASEAN
The EU has been supporting
ASEAN in the energy sector for
over 25 years. One program is
the EC-ASEAN Energy Facility
(EAEF) coordinated by theASEAN
Centre for Energy (ACE) from
2003 to 2007.
The objectives of the EAEF
were:
increasing the security of
energy supply of ASEAN coun-
tries and indirectly of Europe,
increasing the economic
exchanges between European
Union and ASEAN countries,
improving the environment
at local and global level, and
f a c i l i t a t i n g t h e
By KENNETH WONG
Renewable energy
milestones act as reference in
climate change partnership of Asean-EU
The EU needs international
allies to advance with her
ambitious international
agenda at the upcoming 2015
Paris Climate Conference
and ASEAN States could
fulfil those needs. By the end
of 2015, the ASEAN Socio-
Cultural Community (ASCC)
will be embarking on a new
course which will be based on
an ASCC Community 2025
vision. These two entities
have tried hard to find a
common ground. Clichés such
as the lack of experience,
funding, data, as well as policy
barriers have handicapped
the development of renewable
energy (RE) realization in
ASEAN. Economic growth,
job creation and poverty
alleviation remain the
overriding objectives in most
of the ASEAN countries. If the
EU and its member States are
to support a green transition
within ASEAN, perhaps the
first and most important
question to ask will be: How
can green initiatives contribute
to economic growth and jobs?
It is also hoped that through
the history of long ties in the
renewable energy sector
between the EU and ASEAN,
we can witness its milestone
and brainstorm EU-ASEAN
climate change partnership.
Delegates gather for the Lima Climate Action High-level Meeting
2. 75C L I M AT E
G r e e n p l u s T M
| J u n e - J u l y 2 0 1 5
implementation of the ASEAN
Plan of Action for Energy
Co-operation (APAEC) 1999-
2004 and subsequently
2004-2009.
The EAEF is the single biggest
source of fund for both period
of APAEC mentionedi. For the
APAEC 2010-2015, the strength-
ening of the Senior Officials
Meeting in Energy (SOME) with
EU consultations is expected
to bring mutual benefits to both
ASEAN and EU.
The overall strategic directions
of energy cooperation in ASEAN
are set out in APAEC 2010-2015
which defines the regional policy
objectives, strategies, and action
plans for the different sectors rep-
resented by the sub-sector net-
works and industry associations,
across seven program areas,
namely:
1. ASEAN Power Grid;
2. Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline
(TAGP);
3. Coal and Clean Coal
Technology;
4. Renewable Energy;
5. Energy Efficiency and
Conservation;
6. Regional Energy Policy and
Planning;
7. Civilian Nuclear Energy.
ACE’s mandate is to initi-
ate, coordinate and facilitate
regional, as well as joint and
collective activities on energy.
For (3), (5) and (6), the main
sources of funding are ASEAN
dialogue partners: the EU, Japan,
Australia, China, Korea, and India.
Not to overlook, the original TAGP
aims to develop a regional gas grid
by 2020, by linking the existing and
planned gas pipeline networks of
the ASEAN Member States.
The updated TAGP Masterplan
2000 involves the construction
of 4,500 km of pipelines mainly
undersea, worth USD7 billion.
Eight bilateral gas pipeline inter-
connection projects, with total
length of approximately 2,300 km,
are currently operatingii.
It is observed that there is a
growing realisation within ASEAN
that, it will be necessary to promote
alternative energy supply/diversifi-
cation if the countries are to main-
tain (and in some cases even
increase) recent impressive eco-
nomic growth rates.
ASEAN will continue to be
heavily dependent on fossil fuels in
the coming years and the increase
in electricity demand in the next
15 years (estimated at around 3-4
% yearly) will further enhance the
dependence on fossil fuels, espe-
cially coal.
No doubt there is a growing
focus on RE technologies as part
of the solution. RE and energy
efficiency is of course also high-
lighted by ASEAN as part of the
response to climate change (e.g. in
the recent ASEAN joint statement
on Climate Change from Nay Pyi
Taw, November 2014).
The ASEAN Institute of Green
Economy (AIGE) was also
launched for overhauling the
economy in a way that synthesizes
economic growth with the environ-
mental protection for sustainable
economy.
However, there is still quite
an “implementation gap” on the
ground. For example, Indonesia,
has set an ambitious target of 23
% renewables in the energy mix
by 2025iii. From the humble start
of 6% today, in order for Indonesia
to reach (or come close to) the
target, there is a need for large
scale investments.
These investments are not only
RE technologies such as thermo,
wind, solar, bio, hydro; but also in
energy infrastructure, grid connec-
tivity and political support for reg-
ulations which allow renewables
to become an economically viable
alternative to fossil fuels based
electricity production (e.g. agree-
ments on feed in tariffs between
private and public stakehold-
ers etc.). This demands not only
capital flows but also a conscious
political decision to prioritise RE.
In the case of Indonesia, this
question has evidently become
even more important with the new
government led by the reform-ori-
ented president Joko Widodo.
Widodo has clearly stated key pri-
ority is to sustain and even accel-
erate economic growth. Some
economists predict that even the
7-8 % economic growth that the
government has set is an ambi-
tious target.
The result will be in the low end
in terms of creating enough jobs
to accommodate up to 2 million
new job seekers every year. It is
therefore not a surprise that focus
is on reforms and initiatives which
will advance economic growth –
not least infrastructure invest-
ments, facilitating foreign invest-
ments and increasing productiv-
ity – but also longer term invest-
ments in health and education.
Green and sustainable measures
will be welcomed if they can con-
tribute to this.
This is where we need to be able
to argue that green growth is part
of the solution. Another issue is
the limited experiences in effective
public-private cooperation mech-
anisms which can drive green
growth. There is a growing realisa-
tion of the necessity for public and
private sector to work in tandem, in
order to promote specific sustain-
able solutions and technologies.
It is not yet clear exactly how this
could and should be modelled in
this areaiv .
Expertise Transfer/ Exchange
between EU-ASEAN
ASEAN countries have made
considerable effort to tap the
vast RE resources in the region.
Several countries introduced feed-
in-tariffs or regulations for RE as
well as other supportive policies,
for example, tax and customs
exemptions or tax holidays.
Despite those efforts and some
promising developments, a large
scale market for RE applica-
tions has not yet been in place
in the region. The publication
of Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Internationale Zusammenarbeit
(GIZ), ASEAN Renewable Energy
3. G r e e n p l u s T M
| J u n e - J u l y 2 0 1 5
76 C L I M AT E
Guidelines, clearly stated that the
main obstacles for successful
large scale implementation of RE
in ASEAN, are quite similar to the
problems Europe faced in the early
day of renewables.
In particular, complex adminis-
trative procedures, lack of trans-
parency in the project cycle and
permitting procedures as well
as insufficient access to finan-
cial resources, are identified as
important encumbrance to an
effective RE market and industry
developmentv.
The ASEAN RE Guidelines
are developed to facilitate the
increasing private sector activity
and investment in the RE sector
of ASEAN. Since the confidence of
the project developers and inves-
tors is the prerequisite to boost the
region-wide RE deployment, the
transparency of the project devel-
opment and permit procedures is
indispensable.
To this end, the Renewable
Energy Support Programme for
ASEAN (ASEAN-RESP), jointly
implemented by the ACE and
GIZ, is developing a comprehen-
sive, easy-to-access and regularly
updated online tool which includes
complete information on ideal RE
project development cycles in the
respective countries.
Against this background,
ASEAN-RESP developed guide-
lines for biomass/biogas, and mini
hydropower (MHP) project devel-
opment in Indonesia in cooperation
with the Least Cost Renewables
Project Indonesia (LCORE) are
developed. In a next phase, guide-
lines for PV in the Philippines,
Thailand, Malaysia, and biomass/
biogas in Vietnam are envisaged.
By now, we shall recognise the
EU brings something real to the
table of RE, not only because
of EU’s climate change commit-
ments, but also least in terms of
their longstanding experiences
and proven technologies. The EU
is not the only player but they are
certainly among the most import-
ant ones: from regulations and
policy, to capacity building, tech-
nical solutions, planning and spe-
cific technology transfer, the EU
and its member States have con-
crete experiences to share with
ASEAN.
Certainly, the fact that ASEAN
member states do not share the
same energy profiles, economic
development strategies or politi-
cal realities represent a challenge
for any international organization
to formulate a unique RE plan for
ASEAN. Identifying common areas
of interest in RE in ASEAN is thus
a key for the EU, same applicable
to climate change initiatives. Given
the exponential growth of cities in
ASEAN, topics such as energy
efficiency in buildings is probably
an area of common interest for all
ASEAN countries.
Equally biofuels are also a topic
of interest for a good number of
ASEAN countries. For Malaysia,
the implementation of the National
Biofuel Policy is spearheaded by
the Ministry of Plantation Industries
and Commodities.
In addition, the EU could support
ASEAN countries in engaging the
regulatory reforms to promote RE
and share with them, the results
of the different policies and incen-
tives undertaken by EU member
states over the last 20 years.
There is not a single EU stra-
tegic approach to promote RE in
ASEAN member states, at least
compared with initiatives and
actions initiated by the EU on RE
with other regions such as China,
Central Asia or Russia.
The EU has focused its inter-
national energy cooperation on
those countries and regions that
have an impact on the state of the
energy market worldwide, such
as China, or that affect the secu-
rity of the EU energy market itself,
such as Russia. Promotion of RE
tends to be an item included in the
package of the cooperation agree-
ments signed with such countries/
regions.
Baseline in Place with Bilateral
Support
Under Denmark’s Development
Cooperation (DANIDA), Denmark
has a longstanding Environmental
Support Programme which sup-
ports the government of Indonesia
in developing inclusive and sus-
tainable growth through improved
environmental management and
climate change mitigation and
adaptation. Focus has been very
much on regulation and capacity
building.
That remains the case today.
Another kind of activity is helping
to evaluate the environmen-
tal impacts of large scale infra-
structure projects as well as
support Indonesia to map out its
actual potential for renewables.
For instance, DANIDA has been
supporting a ‘wind atlas’ cover-
ing several provinces, identifying
the specific locations where the
highest wind potential is.
Likewise, under DANIDA
Renewable Energy/ Energy
Efficiency Project in Malaysia
with Economic Planning Unit
(EPU), several studies have
been conducted: Study on Clean
Development Mechanism (CDM)
Baseline Methodologies for Palm
Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Methane
recovery project, CDM Capacity
Building Programme, Policy
Analysis in Waste to Energy
Projects (landfills, palm oil waste
as well as biodiesel), Barrier
Analysis of Biomass Supply Chain
as Renewable Fuel in Malaysia
etcvi.
In Malaysia, although RE
resources such as biomass and
solar are abundant, policy frame-
work, mechanisms, technologi-
cal development, human capac-
ity etc. are necessary to facilitate
the development of the RE market.
Cambodia has set a country
target achieving 100% electrifi-
cation in rural communities by
2020, using renewable sources.
4. 77C L I M AT E
G r e e n p l u s T M
| J u n e - J u l y 2 0 1 5
For Laos, the government aims to
electrify 90 percent of households
by 2020, increase the share of RE
to 30 percent by 2025, and make
biofuels substitute 10 percent of oil
imports by 2025vii.
In terms of energy efficiency,
however both countries are just at
the initial stage, building capac-
ity in energy management and
energy auditing, mostly under
regional cooperation and bilateral
projects. The ASEAN-German
Cooperation is currently on-go-
ing with the implementation of the
5-year project onASEAN - German
Mini Hydro Project (AGMHP). The
project aims to improve the pre-
conditions for sustainable utiliza-
tion of mini-hydropower (MHP)
sources in Cambodia, Lao PDR
and Vietnamviii.
Added to what is already in place
at the national level, more ASEAN
stakeholders and decision makers
ought to visit the EU to inspect
some of the solutions that have
been successfully implemented.
Denmark has established a pub-
lic-private agency called ‘State
of Green’, as a professional visit
organiser whereby such delega-
tion visits are considered useful in
showcasing the benefits of green
investments.
The direct cooperation and dia-
logue between our relevant sec-
torial ministries and authorities in
ASEAN and EU is also significant.
Getting experts to talk and share
experiences can help in solving
both the regulation and technical
issues.
One milestone which we could
witness from Denmark is, the
Frederikshavn Municipality has pre-
pared a strategy plan on RE 2030,
to implement the energy policy of
Frederikshavn Municipality for the
entire Municipality as geograph-
ical boundary and aims towards
a 100% RE supply and optimum
energy consumption by the year
2030.
Way Forward
Global energy supplies have
become a scarce commodity.
The thirst for energy of upcoming
industrial nations in South-East
Asia and dwindling resources in
Europe make the issue even
more pressing. The EU-ASEAN
dialogue on Energy was launched
in the margins of the ASEAN
Senior Officials Meeting on
Energy (SOME) in 2007, pro-
gressively until today’s READI
dialogue on Energy, the aim is
to further enhance EU-ASEAN
Energy co-operation and to further
enhance linkages, trade, invest-
ment and economic co-opera-
tion through the preparation and
implementation of a package of
mutually beneficial policies, pro-
grammes and activities designed
in particular to promote transition
to a low-carbon economy.
Two objectives of APAEC
agreed collectively by the ASEAN
ministers were to reduce regional
energy intensity by 8% by 2015
from the 2005 level, and to
increase the total regional power
installed capacity of RE to 15%
by 2015. In ASEAN, the share of
RE in primary energy consumption
was 28.1% in 2005 equivalent to
133 MTOE and is expected to grow
annually at a rate of 9.1% to reach
185 MTOE in 2030ix.
The APAEC recognizes global
and regional issues and chal-
lenges on energy and climate
change including inter-related
issues on food and energy security
as well as the impacts of energy
development on health, safety
and environment. In addition, the
APAEC recognizes the importance
of establishing an efficient, trans-
parent, reliable and flexible energy
markets in the ASEAN region and
improvement of access to afford-
able energy to eradicate energy
poverty.
Although some cross-bor-
der energy projects have been
designed for the Greater Mekong
Subregion (GMS), implementation
and progress have not been sat-
isfactory. The reasons identified
include: the lack of infrastructure
to facilitate intraregional energy
trading; concerns over externali-
ties which are inherent in energy
distribution networks; and an
absence of regional frameworks
to share costs and benefits from
energy tradingx. Hence, there are
still significant barriers to imple-
ment energy trading in the GMS.
So, we truly hope that the
READI dialogue on Energy could
further enhance the implementa-
tion of APAEC, in particular in the
areas of energy efficiency and
conservation, biofuel, investment
framework, and energy security.
And subsequently, supportASEAN
in the use of RE for rural devel-
opment, regional energy trading,
research and development in
clean energy production, and
exchange of energy policies infor-
mation, including policy formula-
tion and initiatives.
It is also useful to keep in mind
that even if ASEAN states are
cooperating in environmental
issues and ASEAN has developed
several joint statements on climate
change issues, ASEAN does not
yet act as a formal group in climate
change negotiationsxi.
In other words, there is not
per se an ASEAN position in the
climate change arena as each
country continues to have its own
position and are many times inte-
grated in different climate change
negotiation coalitions. ASEAN do
urge the developed countries to
accelerate their contributions to
the Green Climate Fund, to mobil-
ise it as a matter of priority, noting
that the distribution process should
be effective, predictable and easy
to access.
It is interesting to observe on
side track that, a coalition formed
by Greenpeace, Oxfam and WWF,
ASEAN for a Fair, Ambitious and
Binding Global Climate Deal
(A-FAB) aims to sharpen and
strengthen ASEAN’s position as
a regional bloc at the UNFCCC.
This might suggest that to a certain
extent, the civil society in ASEAN
is more advanced than the politi-
cal front in reaching a single view
on regional climate change.
For ASEAN member states,
the EU has not yet developed a
comprehensive approach towards
cooperation in the area of energy,
although the region has achieved
a significant role as a demand
energy market key player. In
setting up an effective climate
change strategy for ASEAN, the
EU should not propose an action
plan focusing only on the techni-
cal or economic aspects related to
climate change.
Instead, it would be better
to forge a link with the ongoing
ASEAN’s Regional Energy Policy
and Planning efforts, development
and poverty policies. There is no
doubt that gaining support for RE
policy in ASEAN in the past implies
that EU is not only contributing to
national energy independence but
most importantly that RE will also
help to achieve social and eco-
nomic goals in ASEAN states.
Only if linked to poverty mitiga-
tion and economic goals, the indi-
vidual national stakeholders – con-
sumers, private sector, institutions
— can feel the real advantages of
evolving towards an energy para-
digm transition and support their
governments in adopting the
climate change policies.
i. ASEAN PLAN OF ACTION FOR ENERGY,
APAEC 2010-2015 report, by ASEAN Centre
for Energy, item 58.
ii. APAEC 2010-2015 report, ACE, item 35.
iii. http://www.thejakartapost.com/
news/2013/07/13/indonesia-told-focus-renew-
able-energy.html
iv. http://www.thejakartapost.com/
news/2015/03/20/private-public-partner-
ship-key-sustainable-new-city.html
v. http://re-guidelines.info/
vi. http://ecoideal.com.my/services/
renewable-energy-and-energy-efficiency/
vii. Li. L & Vijitpan T. (2014), Energy,
Economy, and Climate Change in the
Mekong Region. In Lebel L. (Eds.),
Climate Risks, Regional Intergration, and
Sustainability in The Mekong Region (pp.
21). Bangkok: Stockholm Environmental
Institute.
viii. APAEC 2010-2015 report, ACE, item 62.
ix. APAEC 2010-2015 report, ACE, item 44.
x. Li. L & Vijitpan T. (2014), Energy, Economy,
and Climate Change in the Mekong
Region. In Lebel L. (Eds.), Climate Risks,
Regional Intergration, and Sustainability
in The Mekong Region (pp. 24). Bangkok:
Stockholm Environmental Institute.
xi. Chan N. (2015), “The regional origins of
international coalition formation: developing
countries in the UN climate negotiations”,
paper presented at ISA Global South Caucus
International Conference, pg. 8.