This document provides an overview of Iceland's energy market and geothermal energy sector. It notes that Iceland has been utilizing geothermal energy for over 1,100 years and has 47 years of experience producing geothermal power. Geothermal energy currently accounts for 30% of Iceland's electricity production and is used for district heating across the country. Reykjavik's district heating system sources heat from local geothermal fields and power plants, providing renewable energy for over 200,000 inhabitants. Iceland supports geothermal development through low-interest loans, risk sharing for drilling projects, and research conducted by the National Energy Authority.
Geothermal heat utilisation - long-time experience in IcelandThinkGeoEnergy
A presentation given at the 11th International Geothermal Conference in Offenburg, Germany on March 4, 2015. It highlights the different uses of geothermal heat in Iceland and the impact it had for the economy and well being of its inhabitants.
A presentation prepared for the events around the EU-Iceland Geothermal Roundtable with the EU Commission in Brussels, September 18-19, 2014. It highlights the opportunities presented by geothermal heating in Europe with the Icelandic example showcasing the impact it can have.
This fund will:
- Support projects exploring Scotland’s potential geothermal energy capacity to provide heat utilising minewater, hot sedimentary aquifers, hot dry and hot wet rocks)
- Encourage the development of proposals for the utilisation of geothermal energy to local community benefit, achieving measurable carbon reductions (without sacrificing proper consideration of the impacts on the local environment), which are sustainable on a long term basis
- Support the development of future viable delivery models, emphasising the requirement for projects to demonstrate commercial viability as part of the energy solution in local developments.
Geothermal heat utilisation - long-time experience in IcelandThinkGeoEnergy
A presentation given at the 11th International Geothermal Conference in Offenburg, Germany on March 4, 2015. It highlights the different uses of geothermal heat in Iceland and the impact it had for the economy and well being of its inhabitants.
A presentation prepared for the events around the EU-Iceland Geothermal Roundtable with the EU Commission in Brussels, September 18-19, 2014. It highlights the opportunities presented by geothermal heating in Europe with the Icelandic example showcasing the impact it can have.
This fund will:
- Support projects exploring Scotland’s potential geothermal energy capacity to provide heat utilising minewater, hot sedimentary aquifers, hot dry and hot wet rocks)
- Encourage the development of proposals for the utilisation of geothermal energy to local community benefit, achieving measurable carbon reductions (without sacrificing proper consideration of the impacts on the local environment), which are sustainable on a long term basis
- Support the development of future viable delivery models, emphasising the requirement for projects to demonstrate commercial viability as part of the energy solution in local developments.
Climate Change Mitigation & AdaptationLaurence Mills
Climate Change Plan
Renewable Technologies
Financial Assistance
Conservation & Efficiency
Mitigation with Technology
Global Climate Change
UK Energy Supply & Climate
Scotland\'s Projected Climate Changes
Climate Change Adaptation & Forward Planning
concentrated solar power technology - cspSANTHOSHRAJ60
From these slides, you can able to view the diverse application of concentrated solar power technology. And the thriving global market statistics of CSP technology. The future goals and current technology of CSP operation in India and globally.
Climate Change Mitigation & AdaptationLaurence Mills
Climate Change Plan
Renewable Technologies
Financial Assistance
Conservation & Efficiency
Mitigation with Technology
Global Climate Change
UK Energy Supply & Climate
Scotland\'s Projected Climate Changes
Climate Change Adaptation & Forward Planning
concentrated solar power technology - cspSANTHOSHRAJ60
From these slides, you can able to view the diverse application of concentrated solar power technology. And the thriving global market statistics of CSP technology. The future goals and current technology of CSP operation in India and globally.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
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Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
3. Iceland
A short overview
Source: Chamber.is
Size of country 103,000 km2
Population 364,143
Years of geothermal power production 47 years (1969)
Installed capacity (geothermal)* 755 MWe
Installed capacity of other sources* 2,173 MWe
Electricity production from geothermal* 6,010 GWh
Electricity production from other sources* 13,820 GWh
Proportional Production of Electricity by Source*
Hydro
69.70%
Geothermal
30.30%
Wind
0.02%
Petroleum
0.01%
* 2018 – Source: Energy Authority of Iceland 2020
4. Years of geothermal power production 47 years (1969)
Installed power generation capacity (geothermal) 755 MW e
Years of geothermal heat use ~1,100 years (since first settlement)
Installed heat generation capacity (geothermal) ~2,100 MW th
Proportional utilization of geothermal energy
Space heating
45%
Electricity Generation
39%
Swimming Pools
4%
Snow melting
4%
Fish Farming
4%
Industry
2%
Greenhouses
2%
Source: Energy Authority of Iceland 2016
Iceland
Use of geothermal
9. • 1908 - Farmer piped geothermal water from a hot spring into his house
• 1930 – Laugaveita
• 14 shallow wells, 14 l/s of 87°C hot water in the vicinity of the laundry
springs
• 3 km long transmission pipeline from the hot springs towards the town
center
• Primary school, Austurbaejarskóli, Swimming pool and 60-70 houses heated
• 1943 – Reykjaveita
• Shallow wells, self flowing, 200 l/s of 86°C hot geothermal water
• 17 km long transmission pipeline, first Reykir piping main
• 2 850 houses connected
Reykjavík
Geothermal district heating
9
12. • 1958 - More wells drilled and deep well pumps installed
• 1970 – All houses in Reykjavík heated. Increased capacity from Reykjaveita and second
Reykir piping main. Expansion starts to the neighboring suburbs
• 1990 – Nesjavellir CHP power plant taken into service (Nesjavellir piping main)
• 2005 – Hellisheidi CHP power plant taken into service (Hellisheidi piping main)
• Today - Reykjavik district heating among the largest in the world, 75 million cubic meters
per year of hot water to some 200,000 inhabitants, deriving heat from CHP plants and low-
temperature fields in Reykjavík and its vicinity. Locally, 52 wells deliver a total of 2,400 liters
per second of 62–132°C hot water.
12
Reykjavík
Geothermal district heating
13. VOTE FOR THE DISTRICT HEATING
TODAY!
Announcement regarding house heating systems
due to plans of the new district heating in reykjavik, those
who are constructing new houses or renovating old ones
shall install heating systems that can fully utilize the water
from the new district heating system!
14.
15. Reykjavik
Source of geothermal heat used
Source: Einar Gunnlaugsson, Reykjavik Energy (2009
Field Temp. (°C) Capacity (l/s) MWth No. of
exploitation
wells
Laugarnes 125-130 340 125 10
Ellidaar 85-95 260 50 8
Reykir-Reykjahlid 85-100 1,980 370 34
Nesjavellir (high heat, CHP)* 83 1,680 300 14*
Hellisheidi (high heat, CHP) 85 800 150 ~50*
* Wells used for the power plant and its excess water for heating being supplied to Reykjavik by pipes. Nesjavellir-
Reykjavik pipes of 27 km, Hellisheidi-Reyjavik around 30km, number is not including re-injection wells.
20. Iceland
Geothermal drilling support and risk mitigation
• Early 1960s – geothermal fund was established, now National Energy Fund
• Goal of fund:
1. To provide low-interest loans to municipalities, firms or individuals for geothermal
drilling both for public supply, use in horticulture and similar economic activities and
heating of individual homes, especially in rural areas
2. Sharing by the state of risk of geothermal development undertaken by developers.
• Provision that if an attempt to develop field is unsuccessful loan may be converted into a
grant and does not have to be repaid
• Loans for drilling provided by the energy fund normally cover 60% of total drilling
costs, later including grant support of up to 50% (mainly for exploratory activities)
• Arrangement has been instrumental over years in furthering geothermal development in
Iceland
21. Iceland
Geothermal drilling support and risk mitigation
• Research on resources by National Energy Authority
• 1940s a state drilling company was established to drill, which was privatised in 1986.
• Now Iceland Drilling is a private company focusing on high heat drilling in Iceland and
internationally, while there are several small drillers focused on lower heat and shallower
drilling for heating project across Iceland.
• Geoscience department of authority was spin out in 2003 with the foundation of
Iceland GeoSurvey (ÍSOR) as agency owned by the Icelandic state.
22. Iceland
Economic savings by geothermal district heating
• Accumulated savings over 40
years (1979 to 2008) are around
USD 9.5 billion or around three
times Iceland’s national budget
• Estimated oil savings around
USD 22 billion
• Total economic benefits from
geothermal in 2010 around
USD 480-830 million or around
4-6% of GDP of the country
(incl. benefits for space heating,
related industry benefits and
social impacts)
Source: Iceland National Energy Authority 2014, Gunnlaugsson, E., Ivarsson G., Fridriksson J.S., Ivarsson WGC 2015 Proceedings
Revenues heating utilities of geothermal heating compared to cost of
heating with oil
23. Residential heating in the Nordics
Cost per Household for District Heating, US$
Based on: 100 sq.m (1,080 sq. feet), 495 tons of hot water use/ annually
Sources: largest heating utility in each capital city
1,864
2,178 2,002 1,816
639
447
544
501
454
1,312
85
0
400
800
1,200
1,600
2,000
2,400
2,800
3,200
3,600
Helsinki/
Finland
Stockholm/
Sweden
Copenhagen/
Denmark
Oslo/
Norway
Reykjavik/
Iceland
Other Tax, US$
Value Added Tax, US$
Heating Cost, US$
Source: Samorka, Iceland (August 2016)
25. International Case Study
Export success story - China
Sinopec Green Energy
• Icelandic-Chinese joint venture with
Sinopec
• Established 2006, profitable since
2009
• World’s largest and fastest growing
geothermal heating company
• To grow at least 5x over next 5
years
• Market leader in China both in
terms of size and technological
advancement
• Already in over 50 cities and
counties in China including
Xiong’an New Area
• The JV is being prepared for an IPO
