Outline of ReportLetter of Transmittal – GilbertTitle page .docx

Outline of Report
Letter of Transmittal – Gilbert
Title page – Gilbert
Table of contents - Gilbert
Executive summary – Gilbert
---------------------------
1. Introduction
2. Thailand – Country, Culture and Gender Role
3. Nonverbal Intercultural Communication
4. Business Procedures
4.1 Uniqueness
4.2 Forbidden Rules
4.3 Business Attire
5. Recommendations and Conclusion
6. References (APA style) - Alex, Maxine
7. Appendices – Dibya + Maxine
Other work / due dates
· Review and feedback – everyone by Sunday afternoon (29
March)
· Powerpoint preparation – Dibya, Justin, Jayden - Submission
date April 3
· Powerpoint script: Justin, Jayden - Submission date – April 3
· Final report submission- Submission date – April 3
· APA sourcing/ editing: Alex, Maxine and Dibya
· Report formatting – Maxine, Alex, Dibya

·
1. Introduction
As we are becoming more and more connected through global
trade, competency in intercultural communication skill is a must
for a successful operation of any business. Smith, says” Just
because “everyone” may speak English does not mean you
understand each other.” It is challenging to understand each
other when you are from the same culture and same place and
the challenge is doubled when you are working in a foreign
country with foreign staff. We are here to help you overcome
this challenge and will share with you secret sauce that will
help you achieve success in your business venture in Thailand.
We are South-Asian Intercultural Consultancy (SAIC) with six
international team members from China, Canada and Nepal. We
excel in providing education and training to medium sized
companies looking to expand business and train business
managers in intercultural competencies.
Section 2 will provide brief information on the country, culture,
commonly used greeting in daily life and gender role. This
section will help you navigate easily in the Thai society. The
more you know about the how and why people behave the way
they do, the easier it will be for the business managers to
navigate in the foreign system. Section 3 will provide
information on nonverbal intercultural communication skills
prevalent in Thai society. Section 4 will shed some light on the
uniqueness of the country and forbidden rules and regulations,
which will be followed by recommendations and conclusion.
Source: Smith, B. (2015) 9 Reasons Why You Should Hire an
Intercultural Consultant
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/9-reasons-why-you-should-
hire-intercultural-benjamin-smith-phd
2. Thailand – Country, Culture and Gender Role
Thailand is one of the largest countries in Southeast with

neighbours; Myanmar in the west, Lao PDR in north and
northeast, Cambodia in the east, and Malaysia in the south. The
population of Thailand is estimated at 67 million. With a
population of over 10 million, the capital city of Bangkok is the
most important city, economically and politically (Source:
Doing business) Table 1 will provide brief information on
languages spoken, religion and trade. More practical
information is in Appendix 1a and 1b.
Table 1- Thailand brief information
Language
National language
Thai
Other languages
Mandarin & Malay
English
Spoken widely
Religion
Buddhists
90%
Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and Sikhism
Minority
Exports
Manufacturing products
automotive parts and automobiles, computers and components,
jewelry, rubber products, plastic pellets, and chemical products
74%
Agriculture products
rice, processed chicken, tapioca and others
13%
Agro – industrial products
sugar and canned foods
8%
Mining and others
5%
Imports from Canada
machinery – mechanical, electrical, production

vegetable products
paper products
chemical products
base metal products
leather, fur products
Source (Appendix 1a)
Source: Jayden??
Courtesy and respect are the most important morals when
communicating with Thai people. They believe that head in the
most honorable part of the body. If you meet someone who is
older or more important than you, it is best to lower your head
to show proper respect. The country is known for being “the
land of smiles”. Instead of showing emotion of anger or
sadness, some will just smile, which you need to be mindful of
while conducting business in Thailand.
“Wai” is a respectful gesture to use when you want to show
your respect to older family members, higher status people,
monks and customers. The proper way to preform a “Wai” is to
place hands palm to palm together on chest-level, and make a
small bow with lowering your head, without bending your waist.
“Wai” gesture can also come with the verbal word to convey
politeness - “sawadeekha” from female and “sawadeekrup” from
male. Thais will not expect you to grasp the tones as
pronunciations are unique, but your attempts will be
appreciated.
Although Thai women are usually the primary caregivers of
children and the elderly, they also hold cabinet positions in the
legislature and work as doctors, scientists, engineers and in
finance and business profession. While there are many career
paths open to women, there are still some career pathways
dominated by male including chief executives of large
companies, managing directors at banks and participation in the
military. Article 38 of the Thai constitution states that all
citizens should enjoy equal protections under the law regardless

of origin, sex, or religion. An expression still heard in Thailand
refers to women as “the hindlegs of an elephant,” meaning they
play a big role behind the scenes supporting men and being
productive members of the economy. (Need Source – Jayden??)
3. Nonverbal Intercultural Communication
According to Guffey et al, p74 text book , verbal skills in
another culture can be mastered through studies, however, non-
verbal skills are much more challenging. This section will
provide brief information non-verbal communication skills
when working with Thai people.
· Body language and tone is very important and picked up on
easily, if respect is not shown. While communicating, it is
important to be aware of sudden body language movements to
avoid any misunderstandings. Raising your voice or getting
angry at someone will give you a bad reputation as it is
considered very disrespectful to lash out emotions in public in
Thai culture.
· Thai people observe people by looking into their eyes. Eye
contact is an important non-verbal communication tool used in
building trust between people during business communication.
It indicates the sincerity of individuals when making a
conversation and tells your counterpart that you are listening
and showing respect.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tec9pCjkoxo
https://internsinasia.com/blog/business-etiquette-thailand-
introductions
https://sites.google.com/site/thailandandireland/1-thailand/1-3-
thai-communication-styles
· Hofstede (Source) defines power distance as “extent to which
less powerful members of institutions and organizations within
a country expect and accept that power is distributed

unequally”. Thailand scored 64 on Power distance index while
United States scored 40. Further he explains “employees show
loyalty, respect and deference to their superiors for protection
and guidance, which may lead paternalistic management as such
attitude towards managers are more formal and information flow
is hierarchical and controlled”. It can be inferred Thai people
will follow chain of command and decision will trickle down
from top to bottom positions. It will be important for you to pay
attention to organisational hierarchy and structure when
working with Thai organisation.
· https://sites.google.com/site/thailandandireland/1-thailand/1-
3-thai-communication-styles
· https://www.hofstede-insights.com/country/thailand/
· https://clearlycultural.com/geert-hofstede-cultural-
dimensions/power-distance-index/
· Thailand is considered a high context society by virtue of
being an Asian country, with characteristic such taking longer
time to make decisions. Thai people believe in building a strong
positive relationship before discussing business as such it might
take a few meetings before reaching major decision. First
meeting usually takes place over lunch and drink. It will be
prudent to have an understanding of Thai food and meal
etiquettes to perform better during the meeting. While planning
a meeting, an advance notice is preferable. A good practice will
be to give yourself a day or two to meet with the prospective
partner, rather than on the same of your flight. Thai people are
time conscious and being late to your meeting will be perceived
as being
4. Business Procedures
This section will provide information on the uniqueness of
Thailand for conducting business, rules and regulations for
foreign businesses and business attires.
4.1 Uniqueness

Thailand is considered a hub or business ventures due to its
welcoming economy. Infrastructure and systems are in already
in place and ready to be used for the successful operations. Thai
government encourages socio-economic advancements and
foreign investments. The Ministry of Commerce designates
classes of goods subjected to import controls, in the form of
permits and licences (Source). Business licencing procedures
are straightforward, making investment in Thai ventures a
convenient process. This might have led to Thailand ranking
17th out of 190 economies world wide ( Source) for business
activities. In addition, the cost of doing business is reasonable.
For your consideration, the daily average wage for a worker is
203 Baht which is equivalent to $9 CAD (Source). In addition,
people are friendly, polite and business driven. As a result, it
will be in your best interest to consider Thailand for your
investments.
Foreigners and the family members need to obtain non-
immigrant visa before entering Thailand if they are seeking a
longer stay or are looking for work. Visa is granted for 90 days
which could be extended up to one year and is renewable each
year (Source, Doing business)
https://www.communicaid.com/cross-cultural-
training/blog/benefits-of-doing-business-in-thailand/
https://www.sfconsultingbd.com/asia/thailand-foreign-company-
registration-formation/advantage-of-starting-a-business-in-
thailand/
4.2 Rules ad Regulations
Proper rules and regulations should be followed for doing
business in Thailand, otherwise there will be serious
consequences. According to Just Landed, “Non-compliance
could result in a three-year prison term and/or a fine of between
100,000Bhat -1,000,000 Baht (£2.277 – £22.778) at today’s
exchange rates”. You will need to be aware of the activities that
non-natives cannot partake in Thailand which are as follows:
· Newspaper publishing, radio or television broadcasting
· Rice, arable or orchard farming

· Livestock rearing
· Forestry and processing of naturally grown wood from forests
· Fishery in relation to marine life in Thai waters and specific
economic zone
· Extraction of Thai medicinal herbs
· Trading and auctioning of Thai antiques or antiques which are
of historical value to the country
· Manufacture or casting of Buddha images and alms bowls
· Trading in land ( Source???)
https://www.thethailandlife.com/starting-a-business-in-thailand
4.3 Business Attire
Black suits, white shirts and a tie are good choices for male.
Wearing a suit might be uncomfortable given the warmer
temperature as such it common to find people carrying suit
jacket when they are outside. In most Thai companies, long-
sleeved shirts are the only acceptable business attire so it will
be strategic to choose proper shirts. Bow-N-Tie says, “You can
wear light colors and fabrics made up of 100% cotton which
will keep you cool”. Purple colour needs to avoided in business
meetings as it is the color for mourning. Women must also dress
conservatively. A dress or suit is appropriate but needs to be at
a knee length. Shoulders should be covered and sensible are
advised. Pants, shirts, and jackets should be free of wrinkles
and stains and tattoos need to be covered to avoid any negative
impressions.
https://tastythailand.com/what-women-should-wear-for-
business-in-thailand-appropriate-business-dress-is-important/
https://tastythailand.com/what-should-men-wear-in-thailand-
for-business-remember-its-a-hot-country/
https://www.bows-n-ties.com/mens-fashion-tips/business-dress-
in-thailand/
5. Conclusion and Recommendations
English is widely spoken and understood throughout the
country. In terms of medium of communication, your company

will not have any challenges. However, you will need to pay
more attention to non-verbal communication skills, business
procedures and the Thai culture to excel in your business. Based
on the discussion above, please find below SAIC ‘s
recommendations for the machinery export in Thailand.
· Make sure you know the true meaning of ”Thai smile”, it
doesn’t mean affirmation all the time, know the non-verbal
cues.
· Exercise polite tone and practice “wai” gesture using
“sawadeekha” for female and “sawadeekrup” for male.
· Avoid showing emotions of anger or sadness in public and pay
attention to your body language and tone.
· Be aware of organisational hierarchy and structure
· Be on time for the meetings and plan ahead
· Make sure you know the meal etiquette and Thai cuisine
· Learn about forbidden rules of doing business for Foreigners
· Do not wear a purple tile to business meeting and dress
conservatively
Appendix 1a: Factsheet on Thailand (pdf file needs to be
inserted)
Source: https://www.international.gc.ca/country-
pays/assets/pdfs/fact_sheet-fiche_documentaire/thailand-
thailande-en.pdf
Thailand
Official Title: Kingdom of Thailand General Information:
n/a
Capital Bangkok
Total Area 514,000 km²
Population (million) 67.793

Currency 1 CAN$=24.93 Thai Baht (THB) (2018 - Annual
average) National Holiday The National Day of the
Kingdom of Thailand, December 5th Language(s) Thai
(official), Ethnic and regional dialects
Political Information:
Type of State Constitutional Monarchy
Type of Government
Parliamentary Democracy.
Bilateral Product trade
Canada - Thailand
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
- 1000
- 2000
- 3000
- 4000
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Statistics Canada
Balance
Can. Exports
Can. Imports
Total
Trade
Head of State
Head of Government
Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha
Millions
King
Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun
Ministers: Foreign Minister: Don Pramudwinai Commerce: Jurin
Laksanavisit
Main Political Parties

Canadian Imports
from: Thailand
2019
Statistics Canada
M ach. M ech. Elec. Pro d .
F o o d Pro d .
Plast ics, R ub b er Pro d .
V eg . Pro d .

Precio us
M et als/ st o nes
V ehicles and Eq uip .
Pheu Thai Party, Democrat Party, Bhunjaithai Party, Thai
Nation Development Party, National Development Party for the
Homeland, Phalang Pracharat, Future Forward Party, others
Elections: General elections were held in March 2019.
n/a
Thailand Canada
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Statistics Canada
Product Trade and Investment: (2019)

Canadian Exports
to: Thailand
2019
Statistics Canada
M ach. M ech. Elec. Pro d .
V eg . Pro d . Pap er Pro d . C hemical Pro d .
B ase M et al Pro d . Leat her, F ur Pro d .
Economic Information: (2018) IMF
GDP: (billion)
$632.78
$2,222.58
GDP per capita:
$9,334.02
$60,078.85
GDP Growth rate: (%)
4.13
1.83

Inflation: (%)
1.06
2.24
Unemployment: (%)
1.20
5.83
Canadian Exports: $895,144,027
n/a
n/a
Canadian Imports: $3,744,061,343
n/a
Foreign Direct Investment in Canada (2018) Canadian Direct
Investment in country (2018)
$56
$110
n/a
n/a
(million) (million)
Sources:
Representation:
Foreign Representation in Canada
Chargé d’affaires Mr. Thanapol Wang-Om-Klang
Canadian Representation Abroad
Ambassador Donica Pottie

n/a
February 2020
www.international.gc.ca
HTML version: https://www.international.gc.ca/country-
pays/fact_sheet-fiche_documentaire/thailand-
thailande.aspx?lang=eng
Appendix 1b PRACTICAL INFORMATION on Thailand
Source:
https://thailand.ahk.de/fileadmin/AHK_Thailand/Member_Broad
cast/Doing_Business_in_Thailand_2019_-_2020.pdf
TRANSPORT
Bus transport dominates for long distances and in Bangkok,
with motorbikes and bicycles dominating in rural areas. Road
transportation is the primary form of freight transport. Standard
rail travel has been used for many decades for rural long-
distance transportation, though plans are underway to expand
services with high-speed rail lines extending to several major
regions of Thailand. There has also been a signiﬁcant rise in
domestic air transport.
TIME RELATIVE TO GREENWICH MEAN TIME (GMT)
Thailand is seven hours ahead of GMT year round, as it does
not observe Daylight Savings Time.
BUSINESS HOURS
Businesses in Thailand generally observe an eight-hour day –
from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. A one-hour lunch period is usually taken
between noon and 1 p.m. Most business offices are closed on
Saturdays and Sundays.
PUBLIC HOLIDAYS
The holidays observed by most businesses and government
offices are:
· New Year’s Day – 1 January (or the nearest weekday) Makha
Bucha Day* – around the third week of February Chakri

Memorial Day – 6 April
· Songkran – 13 to 15 April
· Labour Day – 1 May
· Visakha Bucha Day* – around the third week of May
· Asarnha Bucha Day* – around the third week of July
· H.M. the King’s Birthday (King Vajiralongkorn) – 28 July
· Mother’s Day – 12 August
· Bhumilbol Memorial Day – 13 October
· Chulalongkorn Memorial Day – 23 October
· Father’s Day – 5 December
· Constitution Day – 10 December
· New Year’s Eve Day – 31 December
*Dates are dependent on the Thai lunar calendar.
South-Asian Intercultural Consultancy
Thailand
By: Dibya Shrestha, Maxine Kang, Alex Smith, Jayden Wallace,
Gillbert, and Justin
Slide 1- introduce team members, provide an overview or
agenda of presentation, capture attention
After listening to our presentation, your organization will know
the top three most important elements of intercultural
communication that will improve your ability to do business in
Thailand.

Figure 1. Adapted from The Conextion Market Research
Community, by The Conextion Market Research Community,
2020, retrieved from
https://jointheconnexion.com/2020/01/15/make-100-in-90-mins-
connexion-research-is-looking-for-parents-and-teens-in-
houston-to-participate-in-a-friendship-pair-home-interview-
about-the-family-culture-on-jan-22nd-or-jan-23rd/. Copyright
2020 by The Conextion Market Research Community.
Slide 2- State the purpose of the presentation- to inform
The Country of Thailand
National Language ThaiOther Languages Mandarin, Malay,
English (widely spoken)ReligionBuddhist (90%), Christianity,
Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism Exports Manufacturing Products-
74%
Agriculture Products- 13%
Agro- 8%
Mining and others- 5%Imports from Canada Machinery,
Vegetable Products, Paper Products, Chemical Products, etc.
Figure 2. Map of Thailand. Adapted from Thailand Map, by
Infoplease, 2000-2017 Sandbox Networks, Inc., publishing as
Infoplease. Retrieved from
https://www.infoplease.com/atlas/asia/thailand-map. Copyright
2000-2017 by Sandbox Networks, Inc.
Slide 3- Context and background- provide a brief overview of
the cultural background and country context
Thai Culture and Gender Role
“Land of smiles”

The Wai
Figure 3. Thai people smiling. Adapted from Thailand, the land
of the smiles. By Impact Group, 2020, reteived from
https://www.impactgrouphr.com/insights/thailand-the-land-of-
the-smiles. Copyright 2020 by Impact Group.
Slide 4- Discussion Theme 1
Non Verbal Communication
Non verbal communication is very important to consider when
communicating with Thai people.
Body language
Eye contact
Tone
Business Procedures
Men should wear black suits
Women dress conservatively
Thailand is considered a hub for business due to its welcoming
economy.
Recommendations
Be on time for meetings and plan ahead
Pay attention to body language and tone

Practice greeting with the “Wai” and saying “sawadeekha” for
women and “sawadeekrup” for men when saying hello
Know the meal etiquette and Thai cuisine
Slide 7- Recommendations
To Conclude:
Knowledge of Thai culture
Non Verbal communication is important
Knowledge of key business procedures
Figure 7. Prime Minister gives traditional greeting. Adapted
from Thai lawmakers vote for first female prime minister, by
CNN, 2011, retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/08/05/thailand.first.f
emale.pm/index.html. Copyright 2011 by CNN.
Slide 8- Closing, Conclusion, Take Away points- restate your
purpose, review main points, memorable final takeaway
Thank you for listening
Khob Khun Khap
References
http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/08/05/thailand.first.f
emale.pm/index.html
https://jointheconnexion.com/2020/01/15/make-100-in-90-mins-
connexion-research-is-looking-for-parents-and-teens-in-
houston-to-participate-in-a-friendship-pair-home-interview-
about-the-family-culture-on-jan-22nd-or-jan-23rd/
https://www.impactgrouphr.com/insights/thailand-the-land-of-

the-smiles
https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-greet-each-other-in-
Thailand
https://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceweinstein/2019/10/14/seven-
bold-leaders-reveal-how-ethical-leadership-is-a-boon-to-
business/#3d552766454c
https://www.statista.com/statistics/332234/gross-domestic-
product-gdp-in-thailand/
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/how-
to-interpret-non-verbal-communication-in-
office/articleshow/46724165.cms
https://www.infoplease.com/atlas/asia/thailand-map
Gonzalez 1
Midterm Essay
Your Name
Professor Marie Dybala
English 1302: CRN ####
31 March 2020
Prewriting page due Thursday 4/2
Tree diagram or informal outline due Friday 4/3 and
First Draft will not be checked for this midterm essay, but you
should follow the formal
outline structure posted in Module Three. It is the same
structure you followed for essay one. Note the four sample

sentences! This midterm essay will demonstrate
your ability to follow the structure on your own as you
write essay two over one of the essay topic options listed
below.
Revision Activity due 4/4 Saturday before midnight
Final Essay due Sunday 3/5 in Module Three Submission Folder
“The Moths” (304-307)
Compose an original title and develop an eight paragraph essay
in which you interpret the author’s purpose in Helena Maria
Viramontes’ short story “The Moths.” (Introduction with
thesis, expository paragraph 2, four body paragraphs with one
or more quotations in each, the concession and refutation
paragraph 7 with one or two quotations, and a conclusion.
Include all eight paragraphs to demonstrate your knowledge of
the formal outline and the essay requirements. Include the
author’s name and title of the story in your introduction as well
as a narrowed topic culminating in your thesis sentence. The
complex, argumentative thesis at the end of your introductory
paragraph should state your narrowed topic and argumentative
claim about the purpose of the story and the four subtopics that
you will develop. Be sure to include a minimum of five quotes
from the story to support your argument. You may select longer
passages (limit to one or two sentences), particular word
choices, or even sentence structure or punctuation to add
specific details to your argument. Document all quotes with in-
text citations in MLA style, and add a work cited page. You are
required to refer to your hard copy of the textbook pages from
our Canvas website so that you can include quotations as
evidence to support each of your subtopics.
Choose one of the following topics.
Essay Topic One:
Throughout “The Moths,” the narrator’s character develops as
she grows closer to her grandmother or abuelita. Discuss the

influence of her grandmother on her transformation. Select four
scenes in the story that reveal the relationship between the
narrator and her grandmother and its influence on her inner
strength or spirituality. In the final scene, what does her
reaction to Abuelita’s death and the magical real image of the
moths demonstrate about her character?
Essay Topic Two:
Gender stereotypes lower the narrator’s sense of self-worth
throughout “The Moths.” Discuss the stereotypical outlook of
her sisters, her father, or her mother and how the grandmother
enables her to triumph over these limited views. How does the
magical real image of the moths in the final scene relate to the
narrator’s new identity and her relationship with her abuelita?
1
Last Name
Student Name
Professor Dybala
Engl 1302: CRN #####
5 April 2020
Formal Outline for Essay Two: Classical Scheme of
Argumentation
Follow this outline sentence by sentence when you write Essay
Two. Be sure to lead up to your argumentative thesis in the
introduction and begin each body paragraph (Section III-VI)
with a topic sentence that refers back to a subtopic stated or
suggested in the thesis. Paragraphs II and VII should also state
a narrowed focus and your purpose.

Essay Two must include all parts of this outline.
I. Introduction (3-4 sentences)
A. Introduce topic: State the author and title of the short
story (in quotation marks)
and topic to capture the readers’ attention.
Helena Maria Viramontes’ short story “The Moths”
introduces a fourteen-year- old narrator and her struggle to
overcome the ridicule of her sisters and the abuse of her
father.
B. Add more information about the topic to suggest the
significance of the work.
Although she reacts defensively at first, her grandmother
or Abuelita, provides the stability she needs.
C. State thesis: Narrow topic more specifically and state your
claim and suggest four
subtopics (Organizing principle of your essay—most important
sentence)
The narrator’s identity is traumatized by her family’s
resistance to her unconventional gender role until she finds
acceptance and strength in the presence of her Abuelita whose
guidance enables her to feel loved unconditionally, to find
refuge in her garden, to contemplate her inner spirituality,
and to support her grandmother as she dies.
II. Expository paragraph: This paragraph demonstrates your
expertise on
this topic and identifies terms or explains pertinent background
information. (Ethicalappeal) (5-7 Sentences) Refer to the links
to websites on the author posted in Canvas or the introduction
to the story by the editor of the anthology, Nicolas Kanellos.
You may want to relate her work to your knowledge of
traditional cultural expectations or gender stereotypes. Use
MLA style to cite any source that you include.
A. State the topic: What kind of background information will
you describe?

Viramontes’ focus on her own Mexican American cultural
heritage provides the inspiration for many of her literary
works.
B. Select relevant details from the website to enhance your
argument and prepare
C. the reader for your defense.
D.
E. Relate this information to your thesis.
III. Confirmation Section: Four paragraph body developing the
evidence to support your thesis.
Subtopic One (See alternate arrangement with only one quote in
paragraph V and VI.
You may include either one or two quotes in each paragraph of
the confirmation section as long as you develop the
paragraph with 7 or more sentences.
A. Topic Sentence: State the topic of this paragraph and your
claim about it.
B. Elaborate on the topic
C. Introduce a quote and state it. Use quotation marks and
punctuate in MLA style!
D. Explain your interpretation of the quote. Analyze its
significance to your thesis!
E. Introduce next quote and state it.
F. Discuss the quote. Do not simply paraphrase or restate it:
analyze it. Do not use the
words of the quote to discuss it.
G. Transition to the next paragraph: close this paragraph and
introduce the next.
IV. Confirmation Section: Subtopic Two
A. Topic Sentence: State the topic of this paragraph and your
claim about it.
C. Introduce a quote and state it. Use quotation marks and
punctuate in MLA style!

D. Explain your interpretation of the quote.
E. Introduce next quote and state it.
F. Discuss the quote by explaining how it supports your topic
sentence.
G. Transition to the next paragraph
V. Confirmation Section: Subtopic Three
A. Topic Sentence: Introduce the topic of this paragraph and
your claim about it.
C. Introduce a quote and its context in the story and state it.
D. Explain your interpretation of the quote.
E. Continue to discuss the quote by analyzing a particular
word choice in the passage.
F. Discuss the symbolic aspect of the passage.
VI. Confirmation Section: Subtopic Four
A. Topic Sentence: Introduce the topic of this paragraph and
your claim about it.
C. Introduce a quote and its context in the story and state it.
D. Explain its significance to your interpretation.
E. Continue to discuss the quote by analyzing a particular
word choice or
punctuation mark or the sentence structure in the passage.
F. Discuss the ramifications of the passage.
VII. Concession and Refutation (You may decide to divide this
section into two paragraphs by explaining an alternative
interpretation of this story and its merits in this paragraph;
then, explaining its flaws in the next.)
A. Topic sentence: Acknowledge a strong opposing view to
your thesis
B. Explain the appeal of this position and introduce a quote

to support it.
C. Discuss the quote.
D. Juxtapose this position to your position on the topic.
E. Reemphasize why your interpretation is more appealing
than your opponent’s.
F. You may discuss another opposing argument or close with
more explanation in
defense of your thesis.
VIII. Conclusion
A. Restate (do not simply repeat) your thesis with a bolder
claim.
B.-C. Clarify any questions your analysis may have posed.
Add a final assertion to provoke the reader to reconsider their
interpretation or to apply your points to their own lives (Avoid
condescending or commanding tone).
Gonzalez 1
Your Name:
Professor’s Name:
English 1302: CRN ______
Date:
Tree Diagram or Informal Outline of Midterm Essay Two: Add
a formal MLA style heading and header. Write on this
document. Use as much space as you need to list your points
and organize your preliminary outline of essay two.

Due Date: Friday, April 3 (develop ideas and use them to follow
the formal outline in Module Three to write your first draft.)
The due date is flexible as long as you submit it before your
final essay is due on Sunday April 5.
Submit this document to the Tree Diagram Submission Folder in
Module Three.
Informal Outline of Main Body of Essay: Planning Essay One
(Confirmation Section) State the subtopics in the order you
present them in your thesis; then, list four or more details to
develop each subtopic and include at least one quote from the
story to support each section of the body of your essay.
Thesis Sentence: State your narrowed topic, your claim or
argumentative interpretation of the author’s purpose in the short
story and suggest the four subtopics your paper will consider to
support this claim.
Thesis Sentence: (Add your original tentative thesis here)
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_________________________________
You will delete these lines when typing your thesis. They are
here to remind you to write the thesis first!
Subtopic One: ___________________________
1.
2.
3.
4.

Quote(s):
____________________________________________________
Subtopic Two: _______________________________
1.
2.
3.
4.
Quote(s):
____________________________________________________
Subtopic Three: _______________________________
1.
2.
3.
4.
Quote (s):
____________________________________________________
Subtopic Four: _______________________________

1.
2.
3.
4.
Quote (s):
____________________________________________________
Last Name 1
Student’s Name
Professor Dybala
English 1302: CRN
Date:
Essay Two Revisions
As you continue to mark-up the hard copy of your essay two,
eight paragraph draft, include the following revisions utilizing
the OWL resource links. (A.) Type the sentence as you state it
in your first draft; then, (B.) type the revised version of the
sentence under it. A revision adds more information, improves
word choices, or removes unnecessary words or other content
improvements. Review my sample thesis sentences on #1. Then,
you may remove them or write your (A.) original thesis and (B.)
Revised thesis under my examples.
1. Thesis Sentence: Using your classmate’s suggestions or your
own ideas revise one of the main components: narrowed topic,
argumentative, interpretive claim, or four specific subtopics:

A. The narrator’s Abuelita helps her to grow up and change.
B. The narrator’s low self-esteem and antisocial behavior
escalate because of the lack of support of her immediate
family, but the magical powers of her Abuelita provide
transformative spiritual guidance to the young teenager
enabling her to reshape her hands and feel relief, make
use of her hands in Abuelita’s kitchen and garden, recognize
her Abuelita’s protective guardianship, and reciprocate
her generosity and love.
2. Select a long or wordy sentence that you would like to revise
and use the paramedic method as outlined in this link:
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/p
aramedic_method.html
A. (Select one of your sentences)
B.
3. Find a dropped quotation: a quote that lacks an introduction
or has a very brief signal phrase. I have included a sample (A.)
original introduction to a quote and (B.) a revised introduction
to a quote. Improve the introduction by adding the context of
the quote as recommended in Part I of this link:
https://www.wikihow.com/Put-a-Quote-in-an-Essay
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/teacher_and_tutor_resources/prevent
ing_plagiarism/avoiding_plagiarism/handout_quoting_others.ht
ml
A. Abuelita says, “You’re still alive, aren’t you?”
B. When her granddaughter questions her remedies, Abuelita
reassures her: “You’re still alive, aren’t you?” (304).

4. Check each body paragraph to ensure that it begins with a
topic sentence that narrows the focus to a subtopic and states
your argument.
A.
B.

Outline of ReportLetter of Transmittal – GilbertTitle page .docx

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