Orthodontic wires /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com

ORTHODONTIC WIRES


CLASSIFICATION.
 BASED ON MATERIAL USED









GOLD
STAINLESS STEEL
CHROME COBALT
NICKEL TITANIUM
BETA TITANIUM
MULTI STRANDED ARCH WIRES
TOOTH COLOURED ARCH WIRES (opti flex)

BASED ON CROSS-SECTION

 ROUND
 SQUARE

 RECTANGULAR


GOLD ALLOYS
 The composition of the alloys used in gold

orthodontic wires is similar to the type IV gold
casting alloys .USED BEFORE 1930.

 These wires can be potentially strengthened

with the proper heat treatment, although they
are typically used in as cold drawn condition.

 ACCORDING TO AMERICAN DENTAL

ASSOCIATION GOLD WAS CLASSIFIED INTO 2
TYPES


TYPE I- INCREASED GOLD CONTENT



TYPE II-RELATIVELY LESSER AMOUNT OF GOLD.


COMPOSITION.
GOLD

55-65%

COPPER

11-18%

SILVER

1-25%

NICKEL

5-10%


ADVANTAGES
 HIGLY FORMABLE
 CAPABLE OF DELIVERING LOWER LEVEL

OF FORCES THAN STAINLESS STEEL.

 CAN BE EASILY JOINED BY SOLDERING

AND JOINTS ARE HIGLY CORROSION
RESISTANT.

DISADANTAGES.
 Gold alloys typically have yield strengths in

the lower end of the range, which limits
spring back .
 Very ductile
 Increasing cost .


STAINLESS STEEL
 In the 1940's Austenitic stainless steel began

to displace gold as the primary alloy for
orthodontic wires.
 The most commonly used types are 302 and

304 stainless steel
 It is most commonly used material for

orthodontic wires.

COMPOSITION.
IRON

73-74%

CHROMIUM

18%

NICKEL

8%

CARBON

0-0.2%

Advantages
 High yield strength
 High resilience
 Good formability
 Bio compatible
 Economical

Disadvantages
 High stiffness so lower springiness that

nickel titanium
 More frequent activations are required to

maintain the force levels.


AUSTRALIAN ORTHODONTIC ARCH
WIRES.
 A.J. Wilcock produced orthodontic arch wire

 The wire produced has certain unique characteristics

different from usual stainless steel

 It is an ultra high tensile austenitic stainless steel arch

wire
 The wire has a unique property of zero stress

relaxation. Zero relaxation allows the wire to maintain
its force over a long period of time, yet resist
permanent deformation from elastic load.


Different grades.
 Regular

 Regular plus
 Special
 Special plus

 Extra special
 Premium
 Premium plus

 Supreme

MULTISTRANDED STAINLESS
STEEL WIRE
 It is also called as coaxial wire of 0.006 inch with 5 or

6 outer core wires

 The strand of stainless steel wire is more flexible.
 Used for initial aligning of teeth


CHORME COBALT ALLOYS
 Initially it was manufactured for watch springs by

Elgin watch company, hence the name Elgiloy.
Marketed as
 Elgiloy
 Azurloy
 Multiphase

 Ramaloy

COMPOSITION
COBALT

40%

CHROMIUM

20%

NICKEL

15%.

MOLYBDENUM

7%

MANGANESE

2%

CARBON

0.15%

BERRYLIUM

0.4%

IRON

15%

NICKEL TITANIUM ALLOYS.
 The first of the titanium alloys

introduced into orthodontics in
recent years, is nickel titanium
alloy marketed as Nitinol by
Unitek corporations were
developed for the space
program but has proved very
useful in clinical orthodontics
because of its exceptional
springiness.

TheNiti alloys have two
remarkable properties that are
unique in dentistry

Shape memory

Super elasticity


 Shape memory is the phenomenon where about the alloy is

soft and readily formable at a low temperature, but can be
easily returned to its original configuration when heated to
suitable transition temperature

 Super elasticity is the property, demonstrated by these wires

when the point of wire deformation stays constant as the wire
rebounds

COMPOSITION.
NICKEL

49.8%

TITANIUM

42.9%

COPPER

6%

CHROMIUM

0.05%


exceptional springiness


ADVANTAGES OF NI -TI
 IT PERMITS EASIER ENGAGEMENT IN TO THE

BRACKET SLOT WITH LESS DIFFICULTY.
 IT CREATES LESS TRAUMA AND DISCOMFORT

TO THE PATIENT.


Disadvantages
 High friction when compared to stainless steel
 Bending is not possible
 Cannot be welded or soldered
 Expensive when compared to stainless steel


BETA TITANIUM/TITANIUM
MOLEBDYNUM ALLOY/TMA.
 Beta - titanium a new

orthodontic alloy with unique
properties and excellent
balance of properties suitable
for many orthodontic
applications
 For a given cross section it

can deflected approximately
twice as far as stainless
steel wire without permanent
deformation.


COMPOSITION
TITANIUM

79%

MOLYBDENUM

11%

ZIRCONIUM

6%

TIN

4%

ADVANTAGES OF TMA
 IT DELIVERS FORCE VALUE LESS THAN HALF OF

STAINLESS STEEL.
 GOOD SPRING BACK.

 GOOD FORMABILITY.
 WELDABILITY.

 ABSENCE OF NICKEL MAKES IT IN USEFUL FOR

PATIENTS ALLERGIC TO NICKEL.

TOOTH COLOURED
ORTHODONTIC WIRES: NEW ORTHODONTIC MATERIAL WHICH

HAS BEEN ADAPTED FROM AEROSPACE
TECHNOLOGY.
 HAS BEEN MADE OF COMPOSITIE

PLASTICS.


CLINICAL APPLICATION OF
OPTIFLEX:

 It is used in adult patients who wish that their

braces not be really visible.


Thank you
For more details please visit


Orthodontic wires /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (6)

Similar to Orthodontic wires /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

Similar to Orthodontic wires /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy (20)

More from Indian dental academy

More from Indian dental academy (20)

Orthodontic wires /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy