Organic Agriculture and the Green Economy
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Presentation delivered by Alexander Kasterine, ITC and Asad Naqvi, UNEP at the 14th Poverty Environment Partnership Meeting in Geneva, Switzerland. Download this presentation and more from the meeting here: http://www.povertyenvironment.net/pep14
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Este documento resume las propiedades y tipos principales de suelos. Define el suelo como una mezcla de minerales, materia orgánica, bacterias, agua y aire que se forma por la descomposición de rocas. Explica que los suelos varían en textura (arenoso, limoso o arcilloso) y estructura, y describe cuatro tipos comunes de suelos: arenosos, arcillosos, calizos y pedregosos, detallando sus características principales.
EDAFOLOGIA generalidades
El documento proporciona una introducción a la edafología, que estudia la composición y naturaleza del suelo y su relación con las plantas y el entorno. Explica que el suelo es un sistema dinámico formado por la alteración de las rocas por factores climáticos y biológicos. También describe brevemente los tipos de suelos del Ecuador y los desafíos relacionados con su uso y conservación debido a las condiciones de ladera.
Suelos y relieves del ecuador
Este documento divide el territorio ecuatoriano en 8 zonas geográficas principales: la zona costera seca, la zona costera húmeda, el manglar, la zona interandina, el páramo, la zona de los valles, la zona insular y el suelo oriental.
Los suelos y sus tipos lab. materials de construcción 2
En esta ocasión doy a conocer los suelos y sus diferentes tipos y clasificaciones, asi como sus usos en el ambito de la Ingeniería Civil.
Recursos energeticos del ecuador
Este documento describe los recursos energéticos del Ecuador, incluyendo el Ministerio de Recursos Naturales y Energéticos, y discute varias fuentes de energía como petróleo, hidroelectricidad, solar y eólica. También detalla los impactos ambientales y de salud de la industria petrolera en el Ecuador.
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El documento presenta información sobre la clasificación de suelos, incluyendo la granulometría, densidad, método AASHTO y CBR. Se describen los tamaños de partículas en la escala granulométrica, los límites de Atterberg, y los métodos USCS y AASHTO para la clasificación de suelos.
42.3 mecánica de suelos
El documento describe los principales sistemas de clasificación de suelos, incluyendo el Sistema Unificado de Clasificación de Suelos (SUCS) y el sistema AASHTO. Explica cómo se clasifican los suelos granulares gruesos y los suelos de grano fino según su tamaño de partícula, forma y contenido de limo y arcilla. También presenta ejemplos de clasificación de suelos y curvas granulométricas.
Estado, prioridades y necesidades para el manejo sostenible del suelo en Vene...
Presentación de José Gregorio Álvarez (Instituto Nacional de Tierras, INTI); Juan Carlos Rey (Sociedad Venezolana de la Ciencia del Suelo); y Juan Comerma (Consultor FAO para la AMS) de Venezuela, en el marco del Taller de la Alianza Sudamericana por el Suelo, realizado en Santiago de Chile los días 2 al 5 de marzo de 2015.
Clasificaciones taxonómicas-americana-de-los-suelos
Este documento describe el sistema de clasificación taxonómica de suelos más extendido, el sistema americano. Este sistema jerárquico clasifica los suelos en órdenes, subórdenes, grandes grupos y otras categorías según sus propiedades medibles como textura, estructura, contenido de materia orgánica y profundidad. Se definen doce órdenes de suelos que se diferencian por la presencia o ausencia de determinados horizontes diagnósticos.
Tipos de suelos paisajismo
Este documento presenta una descripción de diferentes tipos de suelos, incluyendo Alfisoles, Andosoles, Aridisoles, Entisoles, Espodosoles, Histosoles, Inceptisoles, Molisoles, Oxisoles, Ultisoles, Vertisoles e información sobre tipos de plantas según su tamaño, constitución y duración.
Suelos y sus Tipos
Este documento describe los suelos, incluyendo su formación, tipos principales y características de los suelos venezolanos. Explica que el suelo se forma a través de procesos químicos, físicos y la acción de seres vivos, y puede ser joven o más evolucionado. Detalla los principales tipos de suelos - rocosos, arcillosos, orgánicos y arenosos - y sus características. Finalmente, resume que los tres tipos principales de suelos en Venezuela son ácidos y bien drenados
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Los suelos y sus tipos lab. materials de construcción 2
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This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
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Organic Agriculture and the Green Economy
- 1. Organic Agriculture and the Green Economy Increasing food security Generating environmental benefits A presentation to: UNEP PEP By: Alexander Kasterine, ITC and Asad Naqvi, UNEP Date: March 27, 2009
- 2. The Need for Sustainable Agriculture • Double challenge of food security and environmental stewardship • IAAKST « the way the world grows its food will have to change radically to better serve the poor and hungry if the world is to cope with a growing population and climate change while avoiding social breakdown and environmental collapse » • Therefore need for greater investment in sustainable agriculture • Generate private and public benefits jointly – how?
- 3. Sustainable Agriculture (Organic) Agricultural commodities Environmental goods
- 4. What is organic? • Production management system that promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity • Key features
- 5. No pesticides or agrochemicals Sources:Jekrub and Ahhyeah, flickr
- 6. Building soil structure and fertility through crop rotations (carbon sequestration)
- 7. And mulches and manures
- 8. Socio economic benefits (private) • Employment creation • $US 50 billion trade • Integration of smallholders into the market
- 9. Environmental benefits (public) • Biodiversity • Landscape • Water and soil protection • Carbon sequestration
- 10. Strengthening organic agriculture in the tropics • Coordinated policies • Agricultural research • Investment in « hard » and « soft » infrastructure • Keeping standards open and fair
- 11. Reflections for Green Economy • Win wins are possible but government support necessary • Consumer led demand (higher income groups) • Mutual support feasible between trade and environment regimes (also EGS)
- 12. References • UNEP-UNCTAD (2008) Organic Agriculture and Food Security in Africa • IFAD (2005) Evaluation of Organic Agriculture in Asia • ITC/FIBL/IFOAM (2009) The World of Organic Agriculture • ITC/FIBL (2008) Organic Agriculture and Climate Change
- 13. Thank you Alexander Kasterine Senior Market Development Adviser (Trade and Environment) International Trade Centre (WTO/ UNCTAD) Geneva, Switzerland kasterine@intracen.org Asad Naqvi Programme Officer United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Geneva, Switzerland Asad.naqvi@unep.ch