The document discusses the concept of 'open' in various contexts, including open government, data, licenses, standards, and services, focusing on their principles such as accessibility, redistribution, and non-discrimination. It emphasizes the importance of open data and the role of the Open Data Institute in fostering a culture of open data for economic, environmental, and social value. Additionally, it outlines the criteria that define what constitutes open data and the services provided by the Open Data Institute.

1. Are All “Opens”
The Same?
Ian Henshaw
CEO
The ODI North Carolina
ihenshaw@theodinc.org
@ihenshaw

2. About the Open Data Institute
The Open Data Institute is catalyzing the evolution of
open data culture to create economic, environmental,
and social value. It helps unlock supply, generates
demand, creates and disseminates data to address
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 2
local and global issues.
We convene world-class experts to collaborate,
incubate, nurture and mentor new ideas, and promote
innovation. We enable anyone to learn and engage with
open data, and empower our teams to help others
through professional coaching and mentoring.

3. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 3
What are the “Opens”?

4. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 4
The “Opens”
Open Government
Open License
Open Standard
Open Source
– Software and Hardware
Open Service
Open Data

5. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 5
What is Open?
Access
Redistribution
Reuse
Absence of Technological
Restriction
Attribution
Integrity
No Discrimination Against
Persons or Groups
No Discrimination Against
Fields of Endeavor
Distribution of License
License Must Not Be
Specific to a Package
License Must Not Restrict
the Distribution of Other
Works
From: http://opendefinition.org/od/

6. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 6
Access
The work shall be available as a whole and at no
more than a reasonable reproduction cost,
preferably downloading via the Internet without
charge. The work must also be available in a
convenient and modifiable form.

7. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 7
Redistribution
The license shall not restrict any party from
selling or giving away the work either on its own
or as part of a package made from works from
many different sources. The license shall not
require a royalty or other fee for such sale or
distribution.

8. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 8
Reuse
The license must allow for modifications and
derivative works and must allow them to be
distributed under the terms of the original work.

9. Absence of Technological Restriction
The work must be provided in such a form that
there are no technological obstacles to the
performance of the above activities (Access,
Redistribution and Reuse). This can be achieved
by the provision of the work in an open data
format, i.e. one whose specification is publicly
and freely available and which places no
restrictions monetary or otherwise upon its use.
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 9

10. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 10
Attribution
The license may require as a condition for
redistribution and re-use the attribution of the
contributors and creators to the work. If this
condition is imposed it must not be onerous. For
example if attribution is required a list of those
requiring attribution should accompany the work.

11. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 11
Integrity
The license may require as a condition for the
work being distributed in modified form that the
resulting work carry a different name or version
number from the original work.

12. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 12
No Discrimination
Against Persons or Groups
– The license must not discriminate against any
person or group of persons.
Against Fields of Endeavor
– The license must not restrict anyone from making
use of the work in a specific field of endeavor. For
example, it may not restrict the work from being
used in a business, or from being used for genetic
research.

13. Distribution of License
The rights attached to the work must apply to all
to whom it is redistributed without the need for
execution of an additional license by those
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 13
parties.

14. License Must Not Be Specific to a
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 14
Package
The rights attached to the work must not depend
on the work being part of a particular package. If
the work is extracted from that package and
used or distributed within the terms of the work’s
license, all parties to whom the work is
redistributed should have the same rights as
those that are granted in conjunction with the
original package.

15. License Must Not Restrict the
Distribution of Other Works
The license must not place restrictions on other
works that are distributed along with the licensed
work. For example, the license must not insist
that all other works distributed on the same
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 15
medium are open.

16. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 16
Open Government
Open government is the governing doctrine which holds that
citizens have the right to access the documents and proceedings
of the government to allow for effective public oversight.
Transparency
Accountability
e-Government
Freedom of Information
Open Government Data

17. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 17
Open License
Any free content license qualifies as an open content license.
Creative Commons licenses (only Creative Commons Attribution,
Attribution-Share Alike and Zero)
Open Publication License (the original license of the Open Content
Project, the Open Content License, did not permit for-profit copying
of the licensed work and therefore does not qualify)
Against DRM license
GNU Free Documentation License
Open Game License (a license designed for role-playing games by
Wizards of the Coast)
Free Art License

18. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 18
Open Standard
A standard that is publicly available and has various rights to use
associated with it, and may also have various properties of how it
was designed (e.g. open process)
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
International Organization for Standardization
(ISO)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE)
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

19. Open Source Software (OSS)
Computer software with its source code made available with a
license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study,
change and distribute the software to anyone and for any
purpose.
List at: https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/license-list.html
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 19
Free Software Foundation (FSF)
– GNU General Public License (GPL)
– GNU Free Documentation License (FDL)
Open Source Initiative (OSI)

20. Open Source Software (OSS)
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 20
Open Source Initiative (OSI)
The following OSI-approved licenses are popular, widely
used, or have strong communities:
– Apache License 2.0
– BSD 3-Clause New or Revised license
– BSD 2-Clause Simplified or FreeBSD license
– GNU General Public License (GPL)
– GNU Library or Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
– MIT license
– Mozilla Public License 2.0
– Common Development and Distribution License
– Eclipse Public License
From: http://opensource.org/licenses/

21. Open Source Hardware
Open source hardware consists of physical artifacts of technology
designed and offered by the open design movement.
SPARC - RISC instruction set architecture
(ISA)
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 21
Arduino
Raspberry Pi

22. An online service, also known under the title of Software as a
Service (SaaS), is a service provided by a software application
running online and making its facilities available to users over the
Internet via an interface.
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 22
Open Service
Code: The software that runs the main
site is GPLv2
Data: Open
Code: Mediawiki is currently F/OSS
Data: Content is available under an
open license

23. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 23
Open Data
Open data is data that can be freely used, reused and
redistributed by anyone - subject only, at most, to the requirement
to attribute and share alike. - Open Knowledge Foundation
Non-Proprietary Format
Machine Readable
Easy to Access
Easy to Use
Reusable Without Restrictive License
No Cost

24. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 24
The DIKW Pyramid

25. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 25
What is not Open Data?
Personally Identifiable
Information (PII)
Security Data
Confidential Information

26. Are All “Opens” the Same?
All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 26
Open Government
Open License
Open Standard
Open Source
– Software and Hardware
Open Service
Open Data

27. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 27
Questions?

28. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 28
ODI NC Services
Thought Leadership
Open Data Research
Open Data Training
Open Data Consulting
Data Set Certification
Networking

29. All “Opens” The Same?
September 5, 2014
@TheODINC
@ihenshaw 29
Thank you
for your time