This document outlines an online peer review system developed by students for their master's degree. It includes an introduction, acknowledgements, certificate of work, table of contents, and initial sections on system analysis and software requirements. The system allows authors to publish articles and receive feedback, and includes areas for authors and reviewers. It aims to efficiently evaluate journals through an automated process. Key sections analyze the existing manual system, propose improvements, and assess the technical, economic and legal feasibility of the new system.

1. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 1
ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Under Guidance
of
Prof. Mr. S. Sahoo
Submitted to the School of Computer and Information Sciences
In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of
Masters Of
Computer Applications
Prepared by
Snehalata Sahani Enrolment no.-156477290
Debabrata Pani Enrolment no. – 156461511
Sephali Raut Enrolment no. –
Anita Raut Enrolment no.-
Nihar Ranjan Dash Enrolment no.-156479209
Indira Gandhi National Open University

2. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 2
ACKNOLEDGEMENT
I gratefully acknowledgement for the assistance, corporation,
guidance and clarifications provided by IGNOU during the development of
the Online Peer Review System website. Our extreme gratitude to Mr.
Sunil ku. Sahoo who guided us throughout the project. Without his willing
disposition, spirit of accommodation, frankness, timely clarification and
above all faith in us, this project could not have been completed in due
time.
His readiness to discuss all important matters at work deserves special
attention.
We would also like to thank whole of the faculty of the University
Cooperation and important support.

3. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 3
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATED WORK
This is to certify that the project report entered “ONLINE PEER REVIEW
SYSTEM” submitted to Indira Gandhi National Open University in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of the MASTER
OF COMPUTER APPLICATION (MCA) is an original work carried out by Miss.
Snehalata Sahani bearing enrolment no 156477290 under my guidance.
The matter embodies in this project is authentic and is genuine work done
by the student and has not been submitted whether to this university or no
any other university institute for the fulfillment of the requirement of any
course of study.
Snehalata Sahani Mr. Sunil Ku. Sahoo
Enrolment no-156477290 Project Incharge
Debabrata Pani IGNOU
Enrolment no-156461511
Nihar Ranjan Dash
Enrolment no-156479209
Sephali Rout
Anita Rout

4. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
1.1 Background problem
2. System Analysis
2.1. Existing system
2.2. Proposed system
2.3. Objectives of the Proposed system
2.4. Feasibility study
3. Software requirement specification
3.1. Specific requirement
3.2. External interface requirement
3.3. Hardware requirement
3.4. Software requirement
4. System design
4.1. Data design
4.2. Procedural design
4.3. User interface design

5. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 5
5. Features of peer review system
6. Testing
7. Implementation
8. Conclusion & scope for further development

6. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 6
INTRODUCTION
In 2006, Nature undertook an OPR trial lasting four months. In
addition to traditional peer review, authors of each article submitted to
Nature that wasn’t rejected outright (about 60% of the articles sent to
Nature are rejected without review) were able to choose whether, in
addition to traditional peer review, they wanted their article to be displayed
online for the public’s comments. Out of the 1,369 articles Nature reviewed
during that time, authors of 71 (5%) chose to undergo the OPR. The trial
was well-publicized ahead of time by Nature, but comments were rather
scarce. The most-commented upon article received ten comments, and 33
articles received no comments. As Nature put it: “Despite enthusiasm for
the concept, open peer review was not widely popular, either among
authors or by scientists invited to comment.” Although the Nature
experiment was considered a failure, other OPR experiments have proven
to be more successful.
Launched in 2001, the Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) adopted a
multi-stage OPR. The submitted articles first go through fast screening and, if
deemed appropriate for the journal, published as “discussion papers” in its
discussion forum. They stay there for two weeks, during which the designated
referees’ reviews, other comments, if exist, and the authors’ replies are

7. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 7
published in the forum as well. Designated referees can decide whether to sign
their reviews or not, but other comments are signed (only “register readers” can
comment). Then the manuscripts are, if required, revised and peer-reviewed
again if required (by the designated referees). If the manuscripts are accepted,
at the end of the process they will be officially published in the journal. ACP
publishes about 800 articles a year.

8. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 8
System Analysis
2.1. Existing System
The Existing System of conducting Journal publishing process is manual. It
has so many problems. So we introduce a new system, which is fully
computerized. Working of existing system is given bellow:
Author registration is the first process. As the part of the registration author
has to enter his name, E-mail Id, password, phone number etc. into the
registration form (Same as review registration). After the registration the
author can publish the journal as well as the reviewer will able to give
comment on that particular expertise area.
2.2. Proposed System
The main objectives of the Online Peer Review System is that it helps
authors to publish a error free journal and get feedback from other sources.
It helps to the authors for the publicity of the journal. This makes the
publicity of the journal in easiest way. It has two fields:
a. Author Corner
b. Reviewer Corner
2.3. Objectives of the proposed system
The main proposed of the system is to efficiently evaluate the journals
through a fully automated system that not only saves a lot time but also
gives fast results. It is cost effectives and popular means of mass-
evaluation system.
The admin of the system sends the each journal to the two expertise
reviewer for the review. The reviewer have two week time to give the
review, after two week the comment option will be disable. On the author
corner before the reviewer comment the journal status will be open, after
that after that it will shows published/send for modified/rejected.

9. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 9
2.4. Feasibility Study
Feasibility is a measure of how beneficial the development of the
information system will be to an organization. This is done by investigating
the existing system in the area under investigation or generally ideas about
a new system. It is a test of a system in the area under investigation or
generally ideas about a new system. It is a test of a system proposal
according to its workability, impact on the organization, ability to meet user
needs, and effective use of resources.
Three key considerations are involved in the feasibility analysis: economic,
technical and legal.
(a)Economic Feasibility
Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the
effectiveness of a proposed system. It is more commonly known as cost
benefit analysis, the procedure to determine the benefits and saving that
are expected from a candidate system and compare them with cost. If the
benefits our weigh cost then a decision is made to design and implement
the system. Otherwise make alternatives in the proposed system.
(b)Technical feasibility
In examining technical feasibility of the system, more importance is given
to the hardware intersection part of the system and to what extent it can
support the proposed addition. This was based on an outline design of
system requirements in turns of inputs, files, programs, procedures and
staff. It involves financials considerations to accommodate technical
enhancements. Online Peer Review system is a web based applications, it
uses Php framework, 800MHZ computer, 20 GB Hard disk.
(c)Legal feasibility
People are inherently to registrant to change computer have been known
to facilitate change. An estimate should be made about the reaction of the
user staff towards the development of a comprised system. Computer
installation have something to do with turnover, transfer and changes in
job status. The introduction of a candidate system requires special effort to
educate, sell and train the staff for conducting the business.

10. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 10
The system is designed such that even a computer ignorant person can
interact with the system freely. So the system requires not much effort to
train and educate people, the system is that much legally feasible.
 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION
3.1. Specific requirements
Since the administrator and the reviewer/User are thre main target group
of our software, we will concern about some important functions for the
admin and the user.
Administrator:
 The administrator is the one who manipulate and maintain the
system .He can entire into the system by entering login name and
password.
 That is, he is responsible for publishing a journal such as Reject/Re
modification or publish.
 Again, he can send a journal to an expertise reviewer.
 Manage Expertise, manage status, manage reviewer, manage
author as well as manage reviewer comment.
Author:
 Can do member registration.
 After registration, he can publish a journal.
 After reviewer comment, author will know the status of journal.
 Before publication the journal status shows Open.
Reviewer:
 Can do member registration.
 After registration, he can give a comment to a particular journal.
 The Reviewer can send a journal for modification or can publish
or reject it.

11. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 11
3.2. External Interface Requirements
It includes following interfaces:
 User Interface
 Hardware Interface
 Software Interface
(a) User Interfaces:
The interface must be easy to understand the user interface includes:
Screen formats/ Organization:
The introductory screen will be the first to be display which will allow
the user to do the member registration.
Window format/Organization:
When the user chooses some other options, then the information
pertaining to that choice will be displayed in a new window which
ensures multiple windows to be visible on the screen and the users can
switch between them.
Data Format:
The data entered by the users will be alpha numeric.
End Messages:
When there are some exceptions rising error like entering invalid detail.
Then error message will be displayed promoting the users to re-enter to
the details.
(b)Hardware Interface:
(i)Server side hardware
 Hardware recommended by all the software needed
 Communication hardware to serve client requests
(ii)Client side hardware:
 Hardware recommended by respective client’s operating system and
web browser.
 Hardware communication to communicate to server.

12. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 12
Software Interface:
(b) Software Interfaces:
(i)Server side software
 Webserver software, IIS
 Server side scripting tools: C#
 Database tools: SQL server 2005.
 Compatible operating system : Windows XP
(ii) Client side software
 Web browser supporting JavaScript, refer browser
compatibility
Communications Interfaces:
HTTP- Hypertext transfer protocol is a transaction oriented client/server
protocol between web browser & a webserver.
TCP/IP: Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol, the suit of communication
protocols used to connect hosts on the internet. TCP/IP uses several protocols, the two
main ones being TCP and IP.
3.3. Hardware Requirements
Processer : Pentium IV
Ram : 256 MB
HDD : 2 GB
Monitor : SVGA color
Keyboard : Normal
Mouse : Normal

13. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 13
3.4. Software Requirements
Operating System : Windows XP
Font End : Php, JavaScript, HTML
Backend : SQL server 2005
Web server : IIS
Browser : Internet Explorer
Performance Requirements:
System should be able to handle multiple users
Database updating should follow transaction processing to avoid data
inconsistency.

14. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 14
SYSTEM DESIGN
8.1. Data design
Data design creates a module of data and or information that is represented
at a high level of abstraction. The structure of data has been an important
part of software design. The data design creativity translate these elements
of requirement model into data structure at the software component level.
In actually, the design of data beings during the creation of the analysis
model.
The database modeling involves normalization of the database structure so
as to avoid data redundancy. The different levels of normalization are first
level, second level and third level. Normally the normalization up to 3rd level
is followed. But in creation cases we normalize up to fourth level is called
Boyce code normal form. In this project we have normalized up to second
level. Also we have added a bit of renormalization into the database for
easy generation of report in the future.
Data Structure Description:
Data Structure that are passed among component, Data structure that are
available to major portions of the architecture, Files created for enter use
are described.
Database description
SQL Server – SQL server is a relational database management system
(RDBMS) that uses transact SQL to send request between a client and SQL
server is design to be a client/server system are constructed so that the
database can reside on a central computer, known as a server, and shared
among several users. When users want to access data on the SQL server,
they run an application on their local computer, known as a client that
connects over a network to the server running SQL server.
The Following are the factor for which I have chosen SQL server as the
back end tool:

15. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 15
Advantages of using SQL Server:
1. Multi- User database
2. Supports RDBMS
3. It’s very fast
4. It’s relatively easy to use
5. It’s widely to used
6. More secure
Procedural design:

16. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 16

17. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 17
Description for components:
There are three type of model:
 Author model
 Reviewer model
 Administration model
User interface design:
System mainly following forms: a login form which security features
registration from for membership which are as under.
1. Home Page

18. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 18

19. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 19
2. Author Corner
3. Reviewer Corner:

20. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 20
FEATURES OF PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
When you are determining whether or not the article you found is a peer-
reviewed article, you should consider the following questions:
Is the journal in which you found the article published or sponsored by
a professional scholarly society, professional association, or university
academic department? Does it describe itself as a peer-reviewed
publication? (To know that, check the journal's website).
Did you find a citation for it in one of the databases that includes
scholarly publications? (Criminal Justice Abstracts, EBSCOhost Academic
Search Complete, PsycINFO, etc.)? Read the database description to
see if it includes scholarly publications.
 Did you limit your search to scholarly or peer-reviewed
publications?
 Is there an abstract (summary) at the beginning of the article?
 Is the tone of the article thoughtful, restrained and serious?
 Does the article have footnotes or citations of other sources?
 Does the article have a bibliography or list of references at the
end?
 Are the author's credentials listed?
 Is the topic of the article narrowly focused and explored in depth?

21. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 21
 Is the article based on either original research or authorities in
the field (as opposed to personal opinion)?
 Is the article written for readers with some prior knowledge of the
subject?
 If your field is social or natural science, is the article divided into
sections with headings such as those listed below?
Testing
System testing is the stage of implementation which is aimed at ensuring
that the system works accurately and efficiently before live operation
commonsense. Testing is vital to the success of the system. Testing is the
process of executing a program with the explicit intention of finding error
that is making the program fail. The tester may analysis, programmer or a
specialist trained for software testing is actually trying to make the program
fail. Analysis know that an effective testing program does not guarantee
system reliability. Therefore reliability must be designed into the system.
Implementation
Implementation is the stage in the project where the theoretical design is
named into a working system and is giving confidence on the new system
for the user that it will work efficiently and effectively. It involves careful
planning, investigation of the current system and its constrains on the

22. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 22
implementation and design of the method to achieve the change over an
evaluation of change over methods. Apart from planning major task of
preparing the implementation are education and training of users. The
more complex system being implemented, the more involve will be the
system analysis and the design required just for implementation.
An implementation coordination committee based on polices of individual
organization has been appointed. The implementation process begins with
preparing a plan for the implementation of the system. According to this
plan, the activities are to be carried out discussion are made regarding
equipment and resources and the additional equipment has to be acquired
to implement the new system.
Implementation is the final and important phase. This is the most critical
stage archiving the successful new system and in given the user confidence
that the new system will work is effective. The system can be implemented
only after through testing this method also offers the greatest security since
the old system can take over if the errors are found or in ability to handle
certain type of transaction while using the new system.

23. IGNOU ONLINE PEER REVIEW SYSTEM
Page 23
CONCLUSION & SCOPE FOR FERTHER DEVELOPMENT
Online peer review system has been develop and the system was tested
with proper data. The system results in regular timing preparation of the
required output. In comparison with the manual system the benefit under
a computer system is considerable into saving manpower, working hours
and efforts.
It can observe that the information required can be obtained with case and
accuracy in the computerized system. The user with the minimum language
about computer can be able operate the system easily. Online message has
been provided to help the users to take necessary, correct action while
using the system various validation techniques have been used to
implement accuracy of data in all formats of input. The system has
produced all report require by the management.
This software can be used by any institute can be modified easily additional
features can be added without interrupting the normal functioning of the
system.