3. Features, Properties
(elements and relations)
and their Values
Desired Output Quality
(Desired output Value)
(desired Situation)
Number of …
Uncertainty
Vagueness
4. Features, Properties
(elements and relations)
and their Values
Desired Output Quality
(Desired output Value)
(desired Situation)
Unknown,
Disagreement
Known,
Agreement
Known,
Agreement
Unknown,
Disagreement
Number of …
Uncertainty
Vagueness
5. 2
Features, Properties
(elements and relations)
and their Values
Desired Output Quality
(Desired output Value)
(desired Situation)
Unknown,
Disagreement
Known,
Agreement
Known,
Agreement
Unknown,
Disagreement
Number of …
Uncertainty
Vagueness
1
3
Infeasible
Space
6. 1
Examples:
•Designing a precise! ruler
for drawing
•Gear Box Design
•A lot of classic Optimization
Problems:
•Knapsack Problem
•Blending Problem
•Classic Shortest path
Problem
Solution Methods:
•Classic Optimization
Methods (OR)
•Optimizing the target
(objective ) functions
subject to constraints
Class 1’s Characteristics:
•Clear Objective(s) , known Desired
output Value, known desired
Situation
•Clear operational system model
7. Examples:
•Real transportation
problems
•Communication Systems
and (Function
Approximation)
•Gene Expression problem
•Complex machining
process modeling
Solution Methods:
•Assume Clear system models
and then transforming it to class
1 problems
•Generalizing Classic
Optimization Methods (OR)
•Stochastic Optimization
•Model (mathematical )free
(Simulation based)
•Precise data modeling
•Feature selection and
remodeling
•Problem Restructuring
Semi-Solution Methods:
•System Understanding
and analysis
•System Dynamics
modeling
•Cognitive maps
•Simulation methods
2
Class 2’s Characteristics:
•Clear Objective(s) , known Desired output
Value , known desired Situation
•Unclear operational system model
•Large number of elements and properties
•Uncertain elements and relations
8. Examples:
•Messy (wicked)
problems
•Good health care
system
•Good City
•Good government
•Urban Sustainability
Solution Methods:
1. Assume Clear Objectives
and then transforming it
to class 2 problems
2. Try to model the
complex behaviors (e.g.
Agent based models in
movement of residents)
3. Problem Restructuring
4. Participatory and
collaborative design and
planning methods
5. City game and
mechanism design
6. Open source technology
Semi-Solution Methods:
•System Understanding and
analysis
•System Dynamics modeling
•Cognitive maps
•Simulation methods
•Policy analysis
3 Class 3’s Characteristics:
•Unclear Objective(s) , Unknown Desired Output
Value , Unknown desired Situation
•Unclear operational system model
•Large number of elements and properties
•Uncertain elements and relations
•Stakeholders (humans) are playing in the system
•Self-referential systems
Some times having a
solution doesn’t make
sense, because there
is no clear desired
outcomes in reality!!
