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OLYMPICS:FOR THE HONOR AND
       GLORY OF ZEUS
  PERSPECTIVES ON THE BEGINNINGS
  AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE GAMES
              IN ELIS
Olympics timeline
• Started in 776BC in Elis in rural area southwestern
  Greece; continued every four years until AD261
  when threatened by Herulian barbarian invasion;
  thenafter it resumed until 393 AD when Roman
  emperor Theodosius I, a fervent Christian ordered
  the closing of all pagan centers
• Left abandoned, forgotten up until 1766 when British
  travellers found the site;in 1875 systematic
  excavation by German archaeologists started.
• In 1896 Baron Pierre de Coubertin, spurred by
  his passion for promoting the cause of
  athletics in general and the revival of olympic
  games in particular, lead the first modern
  international olympic games in urban Athens.
Reasons for the Olympic games:
1.To embellish the traditional sacrifice to the
  deities of Mt Olympus with outstanding
  athletic performances. Zeus greater glory
2. As war respite
3. For the honor and glory of participants and
  hometown
4. Once in a lifetime spectacle of great artists,
  ceremonies, greek arts, and the giant statue
  of Zeus
FACILITIES AND AMENITIES:
  Open space, then gradually a gymnasium was
  built, then a hippodrome, bath houses for
  athletes, headquarters for committee; a
  temple for Zeus; funded by booties from
  previous invasions.
DISTINCT HIGHLIGHTS
PARTICIPANTS: Males only; all fully naked(?);
  mostly aristocrats who had time and money to
  train and had advance training in wrestling and
  running.

FIRST EVENT RECORDED: race(200 meter dash)
  which was won by Coroebus

MOST SPECTACULAR EVENTS: Chariot race and
 horse race spectacle of danger and a status
 symbol for owners of horses.
CROWD FAVORITES: wrestling, boxing, and
  Pancratium
  wrestlingmild;3 falls constitute loss
  boxing no rounds until one gives up or gets
  KO’d
  Pancratium free for all no holds barred

FIELD EVENTS: broad jump, discus throw, javelin
  throw, penthatlon(3 events plus 200 meter
  dash);400 meters, 4,800 meter run; dash in
  armor
PRICE FOR VICTORS: olive wreath(death or
  wreath), honor and popularity in one’s
  hometown, cash bonus, pension for life after
  gruelling training and competition.

VICTORY- meant everything, losing abhored;no
  room for modesty, or even sportmanship; not
  much on breaking or establishing records but
  establishing “firsts”
• Mythological perspectivesbeing irrationalmore
  rational--- offering the victory of great athletes to the
  gods
• Politicsanother venue for war?because atheletes
  from warring states are sent to compete and possibly
  bring home honor and victory to their citystate.
• Man and woman status: superiority of
  man;inferiority of woman
• Human perspective on VICTORY: different
  considering the complex and difficult course towards
  victory.

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Olympics

  • 1. OLYMPICS:FOR THE HONOR AND GLORY OF ZEUS PERSPECTIVES ON THE BEGINNINGS AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE GAMES IN ELIS
  • 2. Olympics timeline • Started in 776BC in Elis in rural area southwestern Greece; continued every four years until AD261 when threatened by Herulian barbarian invasion; thenafter it resumed until 393 AD when Roman emperor Theodosius I, a fervent Christian ordered the closing of all pagan centers • Left abandoned, forgotten up until 1766 when British travellers found the site;in 1875 systematic excavation by German archaeologists started.
  • 3. • In 1896 Baron Pierre de Coubertin, spurred by his passion for promoting the cause of athletics in general and the revival of olympic games in particular, lead the first modern international olympic games in urban Athens.
  • 4. Reasons for the Olympic games: 1.To embellish the traditional sacrifice to the deities of Mt Olympus with outstanding athletic performances. Zeus greater glory 2. As war respite 3. For the honor and glory of participants and hometown 4. Once in a lifetime spectacle of great artists, ceremonies, greek arts, and the giant statue of Zeus
  • 5. FACILITIES AND AMENITIES: Open space, then gradually a gymnasium was built, then a hippodrome, bath houses for athletes, headquarters for committee; a temple for Zeus; funded by booties from previous invasions.
  • 6. DISTINCT HIGHLIGHTS PARTICIPANTS: Males only; all fully naked(?); mostly aristocrats who had time and money to train and had advance training in wrestling and running. FIRST EVENT RECORDED: race(200 meter dash) which was won by Coroebus MOST SPECTACULAR EVENTS: Chariot race and horse race spectacle of danger and a status symbol for owners of horses.
  • 7. CROWD FAVORITES: wrestling, boxing, and Pancratium wrestlingmild;3 falls constitute loss boxing no rounds until one gives up or gets KO’d Pancratium free for all no holds barred FIELD EVENTS: broad jump, discus throw, javelin throw, penthatlon(3 events plus 200 meter dash);400 meters, 4,800 meter run; dash in armor
  • 8. PRICE FOR VICTORS: olive wreath(death or wreath), honor and popularity in one’s hometown, cash bonus, pension for life after gruelling training and competition. VICTORY- meant everything, losing abhored;no room for modesty, or even sportmanship; not much on breaking or establishing records but establishing “firsts”
  • 9. • Mythological perspectivesbeing irrationalmore rational--- offering the victory of great athletes to the gods • Politicsanother venue for war?because atheletes from warring states are sent to compete and possibly bring home honor and victory to their citystate. • Man and woman status: superiority of man;inferiority of woman • Human perspective on VICTORY: different considering the complex and difficult course towards victory.