The document discusses different types of fatty acids, including saturated, unsaturated, trans fats and essential fatty acids like omega-3 and omega-6. It explains that omega-3 and omega-6 are converted in the body to eicosanoids which have many functions, and that a typical Western diet contains too many omega-6 fatty acids compared to omega-3, leading to increased inflammation. Research shows omega-3 fatty acids from fish or supplements can help reduce inflammation and risk of heart disease.