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Occupational Epidemiology and Exposure Estimation John Cherrie www.OH-world.org
Summary… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scope of this session... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Asbestos… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Asbestos lung cancer epidemiology…
Epidemiology… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Strengths and weaknesses… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
European MMMF studies… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Lung cancers SMR 95% CI Rock/slag 97 138 112 - 168 Glasswool 149 112 94 - 132 GCF 14 93 51 - 157
Changes…
Technological phase…
Co-exposures… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Case-control study…
Definition of exposure... ,[object Object],[object Object]
From source to dose ambient concentration exposure internal exposure source dose disease
Routes of exposure... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Biological relevance... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fibre analysis criteria... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Information sources...   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Strategies for assessment... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
 
Historic monitoring data... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Structured subjective assessment Where...  i   = intrinsic emission h  = handling  lv  = local controls etc.
Exposure estimation... Change in  technology Ventilation  introduced
Validity... 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.001  0.01  0.1  1  10
Problems with estimates... ,[object Object],[object Object]
Asbestos in the city... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Asbestos ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],a WARNING CONTAINS ASBESTOS Breathing asbestos dust is dangerous to health Follow safety  instructions
A serious public health risk...
The risks... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mesothelioma risk for a child... Age 10, exposed to 1fibre/ml for one day
So what should we do?
Some useful information...
What are your conclusions?
Summary... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Useful information … 1. Human Exposure Assessment (IPCS EHC214)   available at  www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc214.htm
Check out  www.OH-world.org

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Occupational epidemiology and exposure assessment

Editor's Notes

  1. 02/24/10
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  5. 02/24/10 Studies published between 1974 and 1998
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  8. 02/24/10 First follow-up to 1979 produced small non-significant excesses of lung cancer. Increases in risk with time since first exposure. Studies continued with follow-up to early 1980s Only 2 mesothelioma deaths
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  12. 02/24/10 133 cases, 513 controls No consistent risk for asbestos or silica, although exposures quite low. Risk for current smokers (>400kg) vs non or low smokers was OR=10 (people employed >1yr)
  13. 02/24/10 Armstrong BK, White E, Saracci R. (1990) Principles of exposure measurement in epidemiology. Monographs on Epidemiology and Biostatistics 21. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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  16. 02/24/10 Cherrie JW and Aitken R. (in press) Measurement of human exposure to biologically relevant fractions of inhaled aerosols . Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
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  20. 113 men who worked in an asbestos factory. 02/24/10
  21. Nested case-control study. Cohort 31k men – data from pension fund. Job information only. OR for engine crew for mesothelioma was 9.75, 20 year latency 02/24/10
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  23. 02/24/10 Cherrie JW. (in press) The effect of room size and general ventilation on the relationship between near and far-field concentrations. Applied Environmental and Occupational Hygiene. Cherrie JW, Schneider T. (in press) Validation of a new method for structured subjective assessment of past concentrations. Ann.occup.Hyg. Seaton A, Cherrie JW. (1998) Quartz exposures, hilar lymphadenopathy and severe silicosis. Occup Env.Med.; 55: 383-386.
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  26. 02/24/10 Watt M, Godden D, Cherrie J, Seaton A. (1995). Individual exposure to particulate air pollution and its relevance to thresholds for health effects: a study of traffic wardens. Occupational and Environmental Medicine; 52: 790 ‑ 792.
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