The document is a presentation by Rohit Sir covering the topic of drainage systems in India, detailing the differences between Himalayan and Peninsular rivers. It includes specific river systems like the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Narmada, and Godavari, outlining their origins, lengths, tributaries, and uses such as irrigation and hydro-electricity generation. Additionally, it discusses the ecological and commercial significance of rivers.

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This ppt is created by Rohit sir

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HELLO!
I am rohit
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3. CHAPTER 3
DRAINAGE

4. TOPICS
•DRAINAGE BASIN
•DRAINAGE SYSTEM IN INDIA
•HIMALAYAN RIVERS
•PENINSULAR RIVERS

5. The term drainage describes the
river system of an area.
The area drained by a single river system is
called a drainage basin.

7. DRAINAGE SYSTEMS IN INDIA
The drainage systems of India are mainly controlled by the
broad relief features of the subcontinent.
Accordingly, the Indian rivers are divided in to two major
groups:
 The Himalayan rivers.
 The Peninsular rivers.

8. Comparison between the Himalayan & Peninsular
Rivers
Himalayan Rivers Peninsular Rivers
I. These rivers originate from
the glaciers.
II. Catchment area is very large.
III. Engaged in high erosion
activity.
IV. Useful in irrigation
V. Perennial.
VI. Eg.:- Indus, Ganga.
I. These rivers originate from
the plateaus.
II. Catchment area is very
small.
III. Engaged in low erosion
activity.
IV. Not very useful in
irrigation
V. Non-perennial.

16. HIMALAYAN RIVERS

17. Himalayan Rivers
The Ganges,
the
Brahmaputra
and the Indus
together are
known as the
Himalayan
Rivers.

18.  INDUS RIVER
 Source:Rises in Tibet
 Near lake Manasarovar.
 Tributaries:Chenab,Sutlej,jhelum,Ravi
 Beas.
 Length:2900km.
 Indus Water Treaty 1960.

21. Confluence of Indus and Zanskar
rivers. The Indus is at the bottom of the
picture, flowing left-to-right; the Zanskar,
carrying more water, comes in from the
middle left of the picture.
The Indus River near Skardu, in
Gilgit–Baltistan.

22. The Ganges River System
The Ganges , is the
largest river of
the Indian
subcontinent,
flowing east through
the Gangetic Plain of
northern India into
Bangladesh . The
2,500 km river rises
in the Gangotri
Glacier.
The Ganges in Varani

24. BASIC INFORMATION OF THE GANGES RIVER OF INDIA
Total Length of River Ganges 2,510 Kms (1,560 miles)
Average depth of Ganga River 52 Feet (maximum depth, 100 feet)
Place of Origin of Ganga River Foot of Gangotri Glacier, at Gaumukh, at an
elevation of 3,892 m
Area drained by Ganges River (Ganges
Plains)
1,000,000 Square Kilometres
Major Tributaries of Ganges Yamuna, Son, Kosi, Gandak, Gomati,
Ghaghara, Bhagirathi etc...
Cities on the bank of Ganges Kanpur, Soron, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna,
Ghazipur, Bhagalpur, Mirzapur, Buxar, Saidpur
etc...

25. GANGETIC DOLPHIN

26. Main Features Of The Ganga System
The length of the Ganga is over 2500 kms.
It has the largest basin.
From the Himalayas the Ganga enters the plains at
Haridwar.
It is joined by a number of tributaries i.e. Yamuna, Son,
Kosi & Gandak.
The Ganga enters Bangladesh as Padma.
The river is called Meghna when Brahmaputra joins it.
It creates the largest delta, Sunderban with the help of
Brahmaputra .

29. BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER

33. BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER
Source:Rises in tibet east of Manasarovar lake
Flow eastward parallel to the Himalayas.On
reaching the NamchaBarwa it takes a ‘U’ turn
and enters India inArunachal pradesh through a
gorge.
Tributaries: Dibang,Lohit.
Form riverine island.

36. BRAIDED STREAM

38. PENINSULAR RIVER

40. NARMADA RIVER

41. ORIGIN OF RIVER NARMADA
NARMADA IN SANSKRIT MEANING “THE GIVER OF PLEASURE “

42.  The Narmada (Devanagari: नर्मदा, Gujarati: નર્મદા),
also called the Rewa, is a river in central India and
the fifth longest river in theIndian subcontinent.
 It is the third longest river that flows entirely within
India, after the Godavari and the Krishna. It is also
known as "Life Line of Madhya Pradesh" for its huge
contribution to the state of Madhya Pradesh in many
ways.
 It forms the traditional boundary between
North India and South India and flows westwards
over a length .

43. MARBLE ROCKS

44. DHUADAR FALLS

45. THE TAPI BASIN

46. Tapti River
 River in India
 The Tapti River ancient original name Tapi River, is a river in
central India.
 Length: 724 km
 Basin area: 65,145 km²
 Source: Satpura Range
 Mouth: Gulf of Khambhat
 Country: India
 Cities: Surat, Burhanpur, Bhusawal, Jalgaon, Dhule, Nashik,
more

47. DAKSHINA GANGA

48. Tributaries of Godavari River-
Pravara-
Penganga-
Indravathi-
Purna-
Wardha-
Sabari-
Manjira-
Vine Ganga -
Manair-
Pranahitha

50.  Biggest river in South India.-
 It originates at Triambakeshwar in Nasik District of Maharashtra.-
 Its total length – 1465 Km.-
 It travels 694 Km., in Maharashtra State.-
 It travels 767 Km., in Andhra Pradesh State.-
 In Telangana Region, it travels 653 Km., and-
 In Andhra Region, 114 Km.-


51. Statue of Mother Godavari at Rajahmundry
Railway station

52. GODAVARI RIVER

54. MAHANADI BASIN
The Mahanadi is a major river in East
Central India
Area of around 141,600 square kilometres
and has a total course of 858 kilometres.
The river flows through the states of
Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
Length: 858 km
Discharge: 2,119 m³/s
Source: Sihawa
Country: India
Bridges: Second Mahanadi Rail Bridge
Cities: Cuttack, Sambalpur, Sonepur,
Odisha, Boudh, Birmaharajpur,Subalaya

55. KRISHNA BASIN

58. KAVERI BASIN

59.  The Kaveri, also spelled Cauvery in English, is a large
 Indian river. The origin of the river is traditionally placed
 at Talakaveri, Kodagu in the Western Ghats in Karnataka.
 Length: 765 km
 Basin area: 72,000 km²
 Source elevation: 1,276 m
 Source: Western Ghats
 Country: India
 Cities: Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur, Talakaveri, Srirangapatna, more

63. SHIVASAMUDRAM WATE

64. Benefits of a River
a) The rivers contain fresh water which is most necessary for
man as well as animals for survival.
b) They provide water for irrigation and cultivation available
in abundance.
c) They make the soil rich in Alluvial.
d) These serve as arteries of commerce.
e) They are good for navigation.
f) Estuaries, near the shores , where the sweet water mixes
freely with the salt water of the oceans, have proved to be
the most biologically productive areas of the world . All
type of fishes survive over here.
g) Rivers are harnessed for generation of hydro-electricity.

65. THANK YOU