Oakland Terrorist Attack Management Draft Justin Caillouet Columbia Southern University Oakland Terrorist Attack Management Draft Introduction The purpose of this paper is to determine the appropriate steps needed in the effective management of emergency services during and after a terrorist attack. The United States is a major target for terrorist attacks since the September 9/11 attacks. Thus, all emergency services across the country need to be aptly prepared to handle a terrorist incident and reduce the potential mortality rates because of such and other similar incidences. This paper will provide a guide to the steps that should be followed in case of a terrorist attack as pertains to the details of the case study. Summary of Scenario The terrorist group BC has organized a large-scale terrorist attack on American soil. The target of the attack is at the coliseum, which is located in Oakland, California. The terrorist attack takes place on August 18 during a home game for the Oakland Athletics. There are more than 35000 spectators and 5000 players in the coliseum on this day. Furthermore, there are hundreds of coliseum employees, support staff, and staff members in the grounds. In total, there are approximately 40,000 people in an area that spans approximately 157 acres. R i c h a rd R e m p o : N e e d s a r u n n i n g h e a d a n d p a g e n u m b e r s R i c h a rd R e m p o : N e e d s a c ove r p a g e a s p e r A PA R i c h a rd R e m p o : I n d e n t f i r s t l i n e o f e a c h p a ra g ra p h a s p e r A PA R i c h a rd R e m p o : 1 8 t h R i c h a rd R e m p o : 3 5 , 0 0 0 The attack occurs during the third inning of the game. The terrorists load nineteen small boats with explosives, with each boat left tied to each of the nineteen bridges that connect the coliseum to the city of Oakland. The terrorists remotely detonate the bombs once they enter the parking lot of the coliseum. An additional twenty-four terrorists enter the parking lot using U-Haul trucks. They make their way in through the North Bridge Gate, which was partially destroyed by the bombs. There are now about 153 terrorists in the parking lot of the coliseum. They use cars to block off the entrance to the North Bridge. The terrorists also burnt several cars in the coliseum to block aerial surveillance by law enforcement agencies. Any civilian, security guard, or law enforcement official seen in the parking lot is shot down immediately. The coliseum is completely barricaded and the emergency services team has to ensure that as many people survive the incident. Terrorist Attack Management Having been put in charge of all fire department assets, EMS, and the coordination between the hospitals and the USNS comfort, it is my prerogative to ensure that the mortality rate remains low. This means that I have to conduct a seamless rescue operation that seeks t.

1. Oakland Terrorist Attack Management Draft
Justin Caillouet
Columbia Southern University
Oakland Terrorist Attack Management Draft
Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to determine the appropriate steps
needed in the effective
management of emergency services during and after a terrorist
attack. The United States is a
major target for terrorist attacks since the September 9/11
attacks. Thus, all emergency services
across the country need to be aptly prepared to handle a terrorist
incident and reduce the potential
mortality rates because of such and other similar incidences.
This paper will provide a guide to
the steps that should be followed in case of a terrorist attack as
pertains to the details of the case
study.

2. Summary of Scenario
The terrorist group BC has organized a large-scale terrorist
attack on American soil. The target
of the attack is at the coliseum, which is located in Oakland,
California. The terrorist attack takes
place on August 18 during a home game for the Oakland
Athletics. There are more than 35000
spectators and 5000 players in the coliseum on this day.
Furthermore, there are hundreds of
coliseum employees, support staff, and staff members in the
grounds. In total, there are
approximately 40,000 people in an area that spans
approximately 157 acres.
R i c h a rd R e m p o : N e e d s a r u n n i n g h e a d
a n d p a g e n u m b e r s
R i c h a rd R e m p o : N e e d s a c ove r p a g e a s
p e r A PA
R i c h a rd R e m p o : I n d e n t f i r s t l i n e o f e a c h
p a ra g ra p h a s p e r A PA
R i c h a rd R e m p o : 1 8 t h
R i c h a rd R e m p o : 3 5 , 0 0 0

3. The attack occurs during the third inning of the game. The
terrorists load nineteen small boats
with explosives, with each boat left tied to each of the nineteen
bridges that connect the coliseum
to the city of Oakland. The terrorists remotely detonate the
bombs once they enter the parking lot
of the coliseum. An additional twenty-four terrorists enter the
parking lot using U-Haul trucks.
They make their way in through the North Bridge Gate, which
was partially destroyed by the
bombs. There are now about 153 terrorists in the parking lot of
the coliseum. They use cars to
block off the entrance to the North Bridge. The terrorists also
burnt several cars in the coliseum
to block aerial surveillance by law enforcement agencies. Any
civilian, security guard, or law
enforcement official seen in the parking lot is shot down
immediately. The coliseum is
completely barricaded and the emergency services team has to
ensure that as many people
survive the incident.
Terrorist Attack Management
Having been put in charge of all fire department assets, EMS,
and the coordination between the

4. hospitals and the USNS comfort, it is my prerogative to ensure
that the mortality rate remains
low. This means that I have to conduct a seamless rescue
operation that seeks to save as many
lives as possible without endangering the lives of others
including the rescue teams.
There are a number of considerations I have to make to ensure
that the rescue operation is as
effective as possible. For starters, I will have to determine
where I will set up the EMS teams so
that they can aid those who have escaped. (1) We have managed
to set up a 180- degree
perimeter around the coliseum. The perimeter will allow us to
set up EMS teams as close to the
waterway as possible. A few hundred survivors have been able
to escape through this waterway
over the past two days. Once the EMS teams are set up near this
waterway, they will be able to
rescue the few survivors escaping. The perimeter will enable us
to provide cover for the EMS
R i c h a rd R e m p o : O n w h a t s i d e w i l l t h e
p e r i m e te r b e ?

5. teams as they attempt to rescue the swimming survivors. It is
critical that the EMS teams
maintain a safe distance from the hot zone to avoid their capture
or worse, their deaths.
(2) Triage will be performed on the survivors to determine who
among them has the most severe
injuries. Those with more severe injuries will be taken to the
nearest hospital immediately
(Hogan, Waeckerle, Dire, and Lillibridge, 1999) while those
with less severe injuries will be
taken care of at a nearby tent where qualified medical
practitioners are awaiting to assess them
and handle their injuries. These individuals should be given
quick first aid (Raiter, Farfel,
Lehavi, Goren, Shamiss, Priel, Koren, Davidson, Schwartz,
Goldberg, & Bardayan, 2008) and
assessment to determine whether their non-serious injuries have
the potential to
become concerns.
According to Aylwin, Konig, Brennan, Shirley, Davies, Walsh,
& Brohi (2007), over-triage
should be avoided at all costs. This is because it is a mis-use of
precious time that could be used
in saving the lives of many others. Effective triage at the scene

6. of the incident will help contain
the surge capacities in the nearby hospitals. Investigations
should be kept to a minimum to allow
for faster transference of severely injured patients to the nearest
hospitals.
(3) The media presence might be a hindrance to the effective
management of the rescue team.
Not only are the media outlets creating chaos on the scene
because of their numbers, but they
also run the risk of reporting crucial information about the
rescue mission and the placements of
law enforcement officials. The terrorists, who are obviously
watching television, might pick out
essential information that they can use to their advantage, which
might lead to a
continued standoff and the loss of more lives.
The members of the media will be assigned a position slightly
farther out from where the
emergency teams have set up. This will ensure that the media
does not have any access to
R i c h a rd R e m p o : W h a t t r i a g e s y s te m ?
W h e re w i l l t h i s b e c o n d u c te d ?
R i c h a rd R e m p o : H o w w i l l t h e y b e
t ra n s p o r te d ? H o w a n d w h o w i l l

7. c o o rd i n a te m e d i c a l ? W h a t h o s p i t a l s
a n d t ra u m a c e n te r s ?
material that may jeopardize the rescue mission such as any
escape routes or the plans the
emergency services have formulated in their attempt to rescue
more survivors. Furthermore,
the communications director will be assigned to disperse
information to the members of the
press. This will guarantee that the media reports only what we
want to become public news.
The media can also be used to our advantage. Since the
terrorists are watching television to find
clues about our operations, we can communicate with them
using the media reporters. We can
disseminate information through the media to the terrorists and
we would be assured that they
have received the information. Negotiations for the safe release
of the victims inside the
coliseum can begin using the media. The terrorists can also use
the media to explain to us their
demands as we negotiate for the safe release of the hostages.
(4) Entry into the coliseum requires that the fire fighters break a
huge hole into the coliseum. It

8. would have been easier to use explosives in order to gain entry,
but the explosion might injure
the victims inside the coliseum. To avoid this, the firefighters
will use a number of hydraulic and
extrication equipment to drill through the entrance of the
coliseum. The tools mentioned will
ensure that the terrorists are not alerted by the impending entry
of the rescue workers and law
enforcement officials. A handful of SWAT members will be
assigned to protect the fire fighters
who are drilling the hole. They are the security assets that will
guarantee the safety of the fire
fighters as they breach the coliseum walls.
(5) The terrorists set several cars that were in the parking lot
ablaze in order to deter law
enforcement and rescue crews from surveilling and entering the
coliseum. The fire fighters will
have to extinguish the fires in order to be able to breach the
coliseum. Extinguishing the fires
will also provide the law enforcement agencies with visibility
over the coliseum so that they can
assess the situation from an aerial view as well as provide
tactical support to the crews on

9. R i c h a rd R e m p o : W i l l yo u a l l o w m e d i a to
f l y ove r t h e s c e n e ?
R i c h a rd R e m p o : D o n o t n u m b e r. T h i s i s
n o t a n o u t l i n e .
R i c h a rd R e m p o : H o w w i l l t h i s
e q u i p m e n t a n d a p p a ra t u s g e t to t h e
s c e n e w h e n a l l o f t h e b r i d g e s a re o u t ?
R i c h a rd R e m p o : G i ve d e t a i l s ? W h a t
to o l s ? T h i s wa l l i s 4 f t o f s te e l
re i n fo rc e d c o n c re te .
R i c h a rd R e m p o : A h a n d f u l ? E x p l a i n
h o w m a n y a n d h o w yo u w o u l d u s e
t h e m fo r s e c u r i t y
R i c h a rd R e m p o : G i ve s p e c i f i c s . W i l l
t h e re b e S WAT p rov i d i n g ove r wa tc h ?
H o w m a n y a p p a ra t u s ? F i re ex t i g u i s h e r s
w o n ' t s u f f i c e .
the ground. For these reasons, the firefighters will use fire
extinguishers to extinguish the flames
from the burning cars.
(6) It is of the utmost importance that emergency medical
services are deployed inside the
coliseum as soon as it is safe to do so. The EMS will be able to
provide urgent medical services
to those who are critically injured inside the coliseum. I will
send the EMS teams in with the

10. SWAT team but in the second wave after the latter has taken
control of the coliseum from the
terrorists. For this reason, the SWAT teams will have to move
in to neutralize the threat before
the EMS can enter and take care of the injured.
The reasoning behind this strategy is to allow the SWAT teams
to undertake their duty without
having to worry about taking care of the EMS crews. They will
be more focused at neutralizing
the threat when they do not have to worry about additional
casualties. It also reduces the number
of potential hostages that the terrorists may use as leverage to
escape (Perry & Lindell, 2003).
The EMS teams will be on standby and will enter the premises
once the SWAT teams give out
the order for them to come in.
References
Aylwin, C.J. Konig, T.C., Brennan, N.W., Shirley, P.J., Davies,
G., Walsh, M.S., & Brohi,
K. (2007). Reduction in critical mortality in urban mass
casualty incidents: analysis of
triage, surge, and resource use after the London bombings on
July 7, 2005. The Lancet, 368

11. (9554), 2219-2225.
Hogan, D. E., Waeckerle, J. F., Dire, D. J., & Lillibridge, S. R.
(1999). Emergency
department impact of the Oklahoma City terrorist bombing.
Annals of emergency
medicine, 34(2), 160-167
R i c h a rd R e m p o : W i l l yo u u s e E M S ,
p a ra m e d i c s , o r N a t i o n a l G u a rd M e d i c s ?
R i c h a rd R e m p o : N e e d s a s e p a ra te
re fe re n c e p a g e .
Perry, R. W., & Lindell, M. K. (2003). Preparedness for
emergency response: guidelines
for the emergency planning process. Disasters, 27(4), 336-350
Raiter, Y., Farfel, A., Lehavi, O., Goren, O.B., Shamiss, A.,
Priel, Z., Koren, I., Davidson,
B., Schwartz, D., Goldberg, A., Bardayan, Y. (2008). Emerg
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