NXT provides airborne geophysical surveys using SFD (Stress Field Detector) technology. SFD allows for wide-area, low-cost exploration by detecting anomalies at the atomic scale from high-altitude aircraft. SFD surveys provide structural and prospectivity maps to identify new exploration prospects and enable decisions about acquiring seismic or relinquishing acreage. The surveys have lower environmental impact than seismic and can access areas that are security-restricted or environmentally sensitive.
Gold Investment Symposium 2012 - Company Presentation - Investigator Resource...Symposium
Investigator Resources Ltd is an Australian mining company exploring for silver and other precious metals in South Australia. They recently discovered high grades of silver at their Paris project, with drill intersections up to 19m @ 965g/t Ag and 11.6m @ 3,648g/t Ag. They plan further drilling at Paris to define an initial resource. Investigator is also exploring additional targets in the region, which they believe has potential for further discoveries based on their exploration model and strong land position in the southern Gawler Craton. The company is well funded with $15.3 million cash and aims to make new discoveries of silver, gold and copper deposits.
18 09-2008 José Miranda Formigli Filho na Rio oil and Gas Expo Conference no ...Petrobras
The presentation discusses development plans for pre-salt oil fields in the Santos Basin offshore Brazil. It provides technical details on key fields like Tupi and Iara, outlining the challenging reservoir characteristics, production design for Tupi's pilot project, and technological hurdles. It then summarizes Petrobras' strategic approach to infrastructure development through its PLANSAL program, focusing on standardized production platforms, subsea pipelines, and contracting drilling rigs to enable significant production by 2017.
The 2d Space Operations Squadron provides positioning, navigation, and timing through operating and maintaining the GPS satellite constellation and ground network. They have 113 personnel across 5 crews. Currently there are 31 operational GPS satellites providing global civil service. Notable recent events include the successful launch of the second IIF satellite and ongoing modernization efforts like the new L2C and L5 signals, GPSOC operations, and OCX ground system construction. The squadron is committed to sustaining and modernizing GPS capabilities for worldwide civil and military users.
Integrated horizontal-scan remote sensing for landslide imaging and evaluationteraelement
An example of hyperspectral imaging and LIDAR integration for the detection of landslide parameters (presented at Geological Remote Sensing Group meeting in London, 2011).
The document summarizes the long-term performance of the Terra and Aqua MODIS instruments. It finds that both instruments have successfully operated for over 9 years, with Terra at 11 years. Key findings include that instrument temperatures have steadily increased but remain stable, on-board calibrators continue to function well, and radiometric, spectral, and spatial performance remains stable, though some degradation occurs over time. Challenges include large changes in visible band responses and solar diffuser degradation.
This document provides an overview of the Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) and its first satellite, GCOM-W1. GCOM aims to continue long-term Earth observations to monitor climate change, the carbon cycle, and other variables. GCOM-W1 will carry the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument and join the A-Train constellation in 2012. AMSR2 improves on the previous AMSR-E instrument with an enhanced calibration system to provide more accurate measurements of Earth's water and energy cycles over 5 years. Future GCOM satellites will continue these essential climate observations through 2022.
The New “Hype” in Airborne Spectroscopy, Benefits for Mineral ExplorationBrett Johnson
The document discusses the benefits of hyperspectral data for mineral exploration. It presents a case study of hyperspectral data collection and analysis over the Jillawarra sub-basin in Australia. Hyperspectral data allowed for detailed mineral mapping, including identifying clay and iron minerals. This provided insights into the regional lithology, regolith distribution, and hydrothermal alteration patterns. The study demonstrated that hyperspectral data can be acquired during standard airborne surveys and provide valuable mineralogical information to aid exploration targeting.
Gold Investment Symposium 2012 - Company Presentation - Investigator Resource...Symposium
Investigator Resources Ltd is an Australian mining company exploring for silver and other precious metals in South Australia. They recently discovered high grades of silver at their Paris project, with drill intersections up to 19m @ 965g/t Ag and 11.6m @ 3,648g/t Ag. They plan further drilling at Paris to define an initial resource. Investigator is also exploring additional targets in the region, which they believe has potential for further discoveries based on their exploration model and strong land position in the southern Gawler Craton. The company is well funded with $15.3 million cash and aims to make new discoveries of silver, gold and copper deposits.
18 09-2008 José Miranda Formigli Filho na Rio oil and Gas Expo Conference no ...Petrobras
The presentation discusses development plans for pre-salt oil fields in the Santos Basin offshore Brazil. It provides technical details on key fields like Tupi and Iara, outlining the challenging reservoir characteristics, production design for Tupi's pilot project, and technological hurdles. It then summarizes Petrobras' strategic approach to infrastructure development through its PLANSAL program, focusing on standardized production platforms, subsea pipelines, and contracting drilling rigs to enable significant production by 2017.
The 2d Space Operations Squadron provides positioning, navigation, and timing through operating and maintaining the GPS satellite constellation and ground network. They have 113 personnel across 5 crews. Currently there are 31 operational GPS satellites providing global civil service. Notable recent events include the successful launch of the second IIF satellite and ongoing modernization efforts like the new L2C and L5 signals, GPSOC operations, and OCX ground system construction. The squadron is committed to sustaining and modernizing GPS capabilities for worldwide civil and military users.
Integrated horizontal-scan remote sensing for landslide imaging and evaluationteraelement
An example of hyperspectral imaging and LIDAR integration for the detection of landslide parameters (presented at Geological Remote Sensing Group meeting in London, 2011).
The document summarizes the long-term performance of the Terra and Aqua MODIS instruments. It finds that both instruments have successfully operated for over 9 years, with Terra at 11 years. Key findings include that instrument temperatures have steadily increased but remain stable, on-board calibrators continue to function well, and radiometric, spectral, and spatial performance remains stable, though some degradation occurs over time. Challenges include large changes in visible band responses and solar diffuser degradation.
This document provides an overview of the Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) and its first satellite, GCOM-W1. GCOM aims to continue long-term Earth observations to monitor climate change, the carbon cycle, and other variables. GCOM-W1 will carry the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument and join the A-Train constellation in 2012. AMSR2 improves on the previous AMSR-E instrument with an enhanced calibration system to provide more accurate measurements of Earth's water and energy cycles over 5 years. Future GCOM satellites will continue these essential climate observations through 2022.
The New “Hype” in Airborne Spectroscopy, Benefits for Mineral ExplorationBrett Johnson
The document discusses the benefits of hyperspectral data for mineral exploration. It presents a case study of hyperspectral data collection and analysis over the Jillawarra sub-basin in Australia. Hyperspectral data allowed for detailed mineral mapping, including identifying clay and iron minerals. This provided insights into the regional lithology, regolith distribution, and hydrothermal alteration patterns. The study demonstrated that hyperspectral data can be acquired during standard airborne surveys and provide valuable mineralogical information to aid exploration targeting.
Frontier exploration areas can offer the largest rewards but obstacles surrounding the acquisition of 2D regional seismic can stand in the way of making the best decisions in a reasonable timeframe. Even if you overcome the obstacles, a 2D seismic program is a costly solution. Acquiring conventional gravity and magnetic data provide a preliminary investigation of basement structures and sediment thickness but does not deliver information about reservoir. Optimal placement of seismic can mean the difference between relinquishing a block and drilling a discovery well.
SFD® represents a new generation of airborne geophysical surveys that can identify areas of reservoir potential within the sedimentary column, so you can focus your seismic programs and G&G resources on realizing it.
SFD® deliverables include a report which identifies and ranks areas for trap and reservoir prospectivity. SFD® interpretation results may be gridded to create a prospectivity map. Integration projects will ensure SFD® results are calibrated to existing G&G data.
THE SENTINEL-1 MISSION AND ITS APPLICATION CAPABILITIESgrssieee
The Sentinel-1 mission is part of the GMES program and consists of two satellites to provide C-band SAR data for emergency response, marine and land monitoring, and other applications. The satellites operate in a near-polar orbit with a 12 day repeat cycle. The main acquisition mode is an interferometric wide swath mode with 5m range and 20m azimuth resolution over a 250km swath. Sentinel-1 will support operational services and create a long-term SAR data archive.
WE3.L10.3: THE FUTURE OF SPACEBORNE SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADARgrssieee
The document discusses the history and future of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR). It summarizes key details of early SAR satellites like Seasat and missions since 1978. The text outlines future requirements like wider coverage, higher resolution, and new data products. It proposes concepts like bistatic SAR, polarimetric SAR interferometry, and 4D SAR tomography to measure changes in vegetation, ice, and other surfaces over time. Finally, it discusses ideas proposed by Kiyo Tomiyasu for compact antennas and GEO-LEO SAR configurations to enable more frequent global monitoring with high resolution.
The West Coast of Washington and the NE and SW corners of Wyoming are regions of the contiguous United States where NEXRAD coverage is incomplete. One approach to addressing these gaps is to install additional NEXRAD-class radars. Another potential approach is to install small radar networks of the type being investigated in the CASA project. This paper compares these two approaches. We provide a meteorological and user-need assessment of present radar coverage in these regions (based on a recent feasibility study led by J. Brotzge [1]) as well as an objective assessment of the radar-coverage that would be achieved using the large radar and small radar approaches.
This document discusses tropical cyclone observations made with aircraft passive and active microwave instruments. It notes that the Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) deployed on NOAA and Air Force aircraft underestimates precipitation rates within tropical cyclones, resulting in wind speed retrieval errors. A new absorption model is developed for the SFMR to improve rain rate and wind speed estimates. Comparisons between the SFMR and Doppler radars and a microwave radiometer show the new model reduces errors in estimates of rain rate and improves the correlation between wind speed retrievals and dropsonde measurements.
The document summarizes the British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission's regulatory approach to shale gas development in British Columbia. It provides an overview of the province's shale gas basins and production. It describes the Commission's legislative structure and authorities. The Commission takes an innovative, science-based approach focused on area-based analysis, new technologies like NEWT mapping, monitoring, and adaptive management. The future of shale gas in BC will depend on developing LNG export capacity as US demand is expected to decline. The Commission aims to effectively regulate shale gas development to meet energy demands while benefiting citizens.
MicroCapClub Invitational: NXT Energy (SFD.V)Ian Cassel
Welcome to the first ever MicroCapClub Invitational where our membership is showcasing several companies we are discussing in our members forum. Oil and gas companies spend tens of billions of dollars every year on exploration trying to discover the next big oil field. With the evolution of 2d, 3d, and now 4d seismic, technology is playing a greater and greater role in reducing the time and money spent discovering oil reservoirs. NXT Energy’s (SFD.V) Stress Field Protection technology is just starting to get adopted by large oil/gas companies such as PEMEX, Pacific Rubiales (PRE.TO), and others. The technology can identify the best oil and gas prospects 10 times faster, and at up to 1/20th the cost of seismic. NXT’s survey technology has already been associated with the finding over 1 billion barrels of OOIP in Colombia in the few short years since the technology has been commercialized. We expect adoption of this technology to increase throughout 2013 and beyond. Listen to CEO George Liszicasc as he tells the story.
This document provides a feasibility analysis for a 100 MW solar thermal power plant. It discusses selecting a site with direct normal irradiation between 2200-2500 kWh/m2 in Southwest US states. The analysis justifies the selection of concentrating solar technology, heat transfer fluid and thermal energy storage. It evaluates costs using the System Advisor Model and optimizes the design variables like solar multiple and debt fraction to minimize levelized cost of energy. The optimized system configuration and results are described to assess feasibility.
Ground penetrating radar uses electromagnetic pulses to detect objects and interfaces between materials underground. It works by sending a pulse into the ground and measuring the reflected signals, which contain information about subsurface layers and objects. GPR systems include antennas, a control unit, and display for data collection and analysis. Data analysis involves calibrating the system and determining dielectric constants to interpret reflection signals and identify subsurface features like pipes, tanks, rebar, and voids. GPR offers fast, nondestructive scanning but performance depends on material properties and density of targets. Common manufacturers provide handheld to vehicular GPR systems ranging in price from $6,500 to $48,000.
Image classification and land cover mappingKabir Uddin
The document introduces land cover mapping techniques using satellite images, noting that land cover represents physical materials on Earth's surface and can be mapped through analysis of remotely sensed imagery or field surveys, with accurate land cover information supporting applications like planning, disaster management, and policy development.
The document summarizes Xtera Communications' field trials demonstrating ultra-high bandwidth and bit rate transmission using Raman amplification. It discusses a 150 x 100G field trial over 1,504 km of legacy fiber and a 400G field trial. Raman amplification provides benefits over EDFA by expanding the usable optical spectrum from 38 nm to over 100 nm, increasing reach by 2x, and capacity by 6x. This allows meeting the insatiable demand for bandwidth without compromising transmission distance.
SEISMIC FOR EXPLORING SEABED MINERALS AT THE MID-ATLANTIC RIDGEiQHub
This document discusses a seismic survey conducted in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to explore seabed minerals. It provides background on the geological features of the survey area, including the Mohn's Ridge slow spreading ridge. It then describes the 2D seismic acquisition using a source vessel and towed streamer, and the processing sequence applied to the data. The document presents some preliminary seismic section examples and interpretations, noting imaging challenges from the 2D nature and short offsets. It concludes by acknowledging the project partners and highlighting the improved geological understanding from the survey.
Monitoring measuring and verification, Gonzalo Zambrano, University of AlbertaGlobal CCS Institute
This document summarizes Gonzalo Zambrano's presentation on monitoring, measuring and verification (MMV) for CO2 storage projects. It discusses the Aquistore project, which aims to demonstrate safe CO2 storage in deep saline formations in Alberta, Canada. The Aquistore project involves injecting CO2 into a saline formation over 3 km underground and uses various surface and downhole techniques to monitor the CO2 plume and ensure containment. These include 3D and time-lapse seismic surveys, a permanent seismic array, tiltmeters, GPS, and soil gas and groundwater monitoring.
The Cassini spacecraft has conducted a complex mission involving multiple orbits of Saturn with numerous targets and risks. It has experienced several anomalies over its journey that required workarounds or redesigning aspects of the mission, such as adjusting orbits to save the Huygens probe mission after a communications issue was discovered. Careful planning was required to develop the intricate tour involving 75 orbits and 150 maneuvers. Ongoing risk assessment and mitigation efforts have helped manage challenges over the long mission.
Concept of oc mine planning & design(final)sou_suk_sou
The document discusses concepts related to open cast mine planning and design. It covers various mining methods and factors that determine the suitable method. It describes ideal conditions for open cast mining and provides details about general planning studies and reports. The document also discusses basis for initial geological study, conceptual mine planning, pre-feasibility study and factors considered in mine design including access ramp, haul roads, pit design, production capacity and main mining equipment.
This document summarizes research presented at an optical technologies workshop on flexible optical transmission. It describes work done by CPqD, a Brazilian optical technologies company, on developing components and systems for 100G, 200G, and 400G optical transmission over long-haul, metro, and data center interconnect distances. This includes polymer-based transmitters for 100G and 200G coherent modules, spectrally-sliced receivers to enable 400G transmission, and achieving transmission distances of over 1500km for 400G using these techniques.
This document provides an introduction to seismic interpretation. It begins with an overview of seismic acquisition methods both onshore and offshore. It then discusses key concepts in seismic data such as common depth points, floating datum, two-way time, and the relationship between time and depth. The document also covers seismic resolution, reflection coefficients, and examples of calculating tuning thickness. Finally, it discusses important steps for seismic interpretation including checking the line scale and orientation and interpreting major reflectors and geometries.
The document summarizes the proto-flight test of the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) for NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. The DPR consists of Ku-band and Ka-band radars that will provide accurate 3D precipitation measurements from space. Electrical performance, vibration, and thermal tests have been conducted on each radar. While the proto-flight test was interrupted by an earthquake, it has resumed and will be completed to verify the radars can function as intended in space. The DPR will improve global precipitation observations when launched aboard the GPM core observatory.
The document summarizes a presentation given at the Denver Gold Forum in September 2012. It discusses Pretivm Resources Inc.'s high-grade gold Brucejack Project located in British Columbia, Canada. The project contains over 10 million ounces of gold in the measured and indicated categories with an additional 8 million ounces in inferred. It also outlines plans to advance the project toward production by 2015 through underground exploration, engineering studies, and permitting.
This document provides information on various remote sensing platforms and Earth observing satellites. It discusses balloons, helicopters, airplanes and satellites as remote sensing platforms. It then describes different types of satellite orbits and provides details on several major Earth observing satellites including their sensors and specifications. These satellites include Landsat, SPOT, Ikonos, AVHRR, Radarsat, GOES, Meteosat, and some Indian, Japanese, European and Russian satellites.
Frontier exploration areas can offer the largest rewards but obstacles surrounding the acquisition of 2D regional seismic can stand in the way of making the best decisions in a reasonable timeframe. Even if you overcome the obstacles, a 2D seismic program is a costly solution. Acquiring conventional gravity and magnetic data provide a preliminary investigation of basement structures and sediment thickness but does not deliver information about reservoir. Optimal placement of seismic can mean the difference between relinquishing a block and drilling a discovery well.
SFD® represents a new generation of airborne geophysical surveys that can identify areas of reservoir potential within the sedimentary column, so you can focus your seismic programs and G&G resources on realizing it.
SFD® deliverables include a report which identifies and ranks areas for trap and reservoir prospectivity. SFD® interpretation results may be gridded to create a prospectivity map. Integration projects will ensure SFD® results are calibrated to existing G&G data.
THE SENTINEL-1 MISSION AND ITS APPLICATION CAPABILITIESgrssieee
The Sentinel-1 mission is part of the GMES program and consists of two satellites to provide C-band SAR data for emergency response, marine and land monitoring, and other applications. The satellites operate in a near-polar orbit with a 12 day repeat cycle. The main acquisition mode is an interferometric wide swath mode with 5m range and 20m azimuth resolution over a 250km swath. Sentinel-1 will support operational services and create a long-term SAR data archive.
WE3.L10.3: THE FUTURE OF SPACEBORNE SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADARgrssieee
The document discusses the history and future of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR). It summarizes key details of early SAR satellites like Seasat and missions since 1978. The text outlines future requirements like wider coverage, higher resolution, and new data products. It proposes concepts like bistatic SAR, polarimetric SAR interferometry, and 4D SAR tomography to measure changes in vegetation, ice, and other surfaces over time. Finally, it discusses ideas proposed by Kiyo Tomiyasu for compact antennas and GEO-LEO SAR configurations to enable more frequent global monitoring with high resolution.
The West Coast of Washington and the NE and SW corners of Wyoming are regions of the contiguous United States where NEXRAD coverage is incomplete. One approach to addressing these gaps is to install additional NEXRAD-class radars. Another potential approach is to install small radar networks of the type being investigated in the CASA project. This paper compares these two approaches. We provide a meteorological and user-need assessment of present radar coverage in these regions (based on a recent feasibility study led by J. Brotzge [1]) as well as an objective assessment of the radar-coverage that would be achieved using the large radar and small radar approaches.
This document discusses tropical cyclone observations made with aircraft passive and active microwave instruments. It notes that the Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) deployed on NOAA and Air Force aircraft underestimates precipitation rates within tropical cyclones, resulting in wind speed retrieval errors. A new absorption model is developed for the SFMR to improve rain rate and wind speed estimates. Comparisons between the SFMR and Doppler radars and a microwave radiometer show the new model reduces errors in estimates of rain rate and improves the correlation between wind speed retrievals and dropsonde measurements.
The document summarizes the British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission's regulatory approach to shale gas development in British Columbia. It provides an overview of the province's shale gas basins and production. It describes the Commission's legislative structure and authorities. The Commission takes an innovative, science-based approach focused on area-based analysis, new technologies like NEWT mapping, monitoring, and adaptive management. The future of shale gas in BC will depend on developing LNG export capacity as US demand is expected to decline. The Commission aims to effectively regulate shale gas development to meet energy demands while benefiting citizens.
MicroCapClub Invitational: NXT Energy (SFD.V)Ian Cassel
Welcome to the first ever MicroCapClub Invitational where our membership is showcasing several companies we are discussing in our members forum. Oil and gas companies spend tens of billions of dollars every year on exploration trying to discover the next big oil field. With the evolution of 2d, 3d, and now 4d seismic, technology is playing a greater and greater role in reducing the time and money spent discovering oil reservoirs. NXT Energy’s (SFD.V) Stress Field Protection technology is just starting to get adopted by large oil/gas companies such as PEMEX, Pacific Rubiales (PRE.TO), and others. The technology can identify the best oil and gas prospects 10 times faster, and at up to 1/20th the cost of seismic. NXT’s survey technology has already been associated with the finding over 1 billion barrels of OOIP in Colombia in the few short years since the technology has been commercialized. We expect adoption of this technology to increase throughout 2013 and beyond. Listen to CEO George Liszicasc as he tells the story.
This document provides a feasibility analysis for a 100 MW solar thermal power plant. It discusses selecting a site with direct normal irradiation between 2200-2500 kWh/m2 in Southwest US states. The analysis justifies the selection of concentrating solar technology, heat transfer fluid and thermal energy storage. It evaluates costs using the System Advisor Model and optimizes the design variables like solar multiple and debt fraction to minimize levelized cost of energy. The optimized system configuration and results are described to assess feasibility.
Ground penetrating radar uses electromagnetic pulses to detect objects and interfaces between materials underground. It works by sending a pulse into the ground and measuring the reflected signals, which contain information about subsurface layers and objects. GPR systems include antennas, a control unit, and display for data collection and analysis. Data analysis involves calibrating the system and determining dielectric constants to interpret reflection signals and identify subsurface features like pipes, tanks, rebar, and voids. GPR offers fast, nondestructive scanning but performance depends on material properties and density of targets. Common manufacturers provide handheld to vehicular GPR systems ranging in price from $6,500 to $48,000.
Image classification and land cover mappingKabir Uddin
The document introduces land cover mapping techniques using satellite images, noting that land cover represents physical materials on Earth's surface and can be mapped through analysis of remotely sensed imagery or field surveys, with accurate land cover information supporting applications like planning, disaster management, and policy development.
The document summarizes Xtera Communications' field trials demonstrating ultra-high bandwidth and bit rate transmission using Raman amplification. It discusses a 150 x 100G field trial over 1,504 km of legacy fiber and a 400G field trial. Raman amplification provides benefits over EDFA by expanding the usable optical spectrum from 38 nm to over 100 nm, increasing reach by 2x, and capacity by 6x. This allows meeting the insatiable demand for bandwidth without compromising transmission distance.
SEISMIC FOR EXPLORING SEABED MINERALS AT THE MID-ATLANTIC RIDGEiQHub
This document discusses a seismic survey conducted in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to explore seabed minerals. It provides background on the geological features of the survey area, including the Mohn's Ridge slow spreading ridge. It then describes the 2D seismic acquisition using a source vessel and towed streamer, and the processing sequence applied to the data. The document presents some preliminary seismic section examples and interpretations, noting imaging challenges from the 2D nature and short offsets. It concludes by acknowledging the project partners and highlighting the improved geological understanding from the survey.
Monitoring measuring and verification, Gonzalo Zambrano, University of AlbertaGlobal CCS Institute
This document summarizes Gonzalo Zambrano's presentation on monitoring, measuring and verification (MMV) for CO2 storage projects. It discusses the Aquistore project, which aims to demonstrate safe CO2 storage in deep saline formations in Alberta, Canada. The Aquistore project involves injecting CO2 into a saline formation over 3 km underground and uses various surface and downhole techniques to monitor the CO2 plume and ensure containment. These include 3D and time-lapse seismic surveys, a permanent seismic array, tiltmeters, GPS, and soil gas and groundwater monitoring.
The Cassini spacecraft has conducted a complex mission involving multiple orbits of Saturn with numerous targets and risks. It has experienced several anomalies over its journey that required workarounds or redesigning aspects of the mission, such as adjusting orbits to save the Huygens probe mission after a communications issue was discovered. Careful planning was required to develop the intricate tour involving 75 orbits and 150 maneuvers. Ongoing risk assessment and mitigation efforts have helped manage challenges over the long mission.
Concept of oc mine planning & design(final)sou_suk_sou
The document discusses concepts related to open cast mine planning and design. It covers various mining methods and factors that determine the suitable method. It describes ideal conditions for open cast mining and provides details about general planning studies and reports. The document also discusses basis for initial geological study, conceptual mine planning, pre-feasibility study and factors considered in mine design including access ramp, haul roads, pit design, production capacity and main mining equipment.
This document summarizes research presented at an optical technologies workshop on flexible optical transmission. It describes work done by CPqD, a Brazilian optical technologies company, on developing components and systems for 100G, 200G, and 400G optical transmission over long-haul, metro, and data center interconnect distances. This includes polymer-based transmitters for 100G and 200G coherent modules, spectrally-sliced receivers to enable 400G transmission, and achieving transmission distances of over 1500km for 400G using these techniques.
This document provides an introduction to seismic interpretation. It begins with an overview of seismic acquisition methods both onshore and offshore. It then discusses key concepts in seismic data such as common depth points, floating datum, two-way time, and the relationship between time and depth. The document also covers seismic resolution, reflection coefficients, and examples of calculating tuning thickness. Finally, it discusses important steps for seismic interpretation including checking the line scale and orientation and interpreting major reflectors and geometries.
The document summarizes the proto-flight test of the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) for NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. The DPR consists of Ku-band and Ka-band radars that will provide accurate 3D precipitation measurements from space. Electrical performance, vibration, and thermal tests have been conducted on each radar. While the proto-flight test was interrupted by an earthquake, it has resumed and will be completed to verify the radars can function as intended in space. The DPR will improve global precipitation observations when launched aboard the GPM core observatory.
The document summarizes a presentation given at the Denver Gold Forum in September 2012. It discusses Pretivm Resources Inc.'s high-grade gold Brucejack Project located in British Columbia, Canada. The project contains over 10 million ounces of gold in the measured and indicated categories with an additional 8 million ounces in inferred. It also outlines plans to advance the project toward production by 2015 through underground exploration, engineering studies, and permitting.
This document provides information on various remote sensing platforms and Earth observing satellites. It discusses balloons, helicopters, airplanes and satellites as remote sensing platforms. It then describes different types of satellite orbits and provides details on several major Earth observing satellites including their sensors and specifications. These satellites include Landsat, SPOT, Ikonos, AVHRR, Radarsat, GOES, Meteosat, and some Indian, Japanese, European and Russian satellites.
1. NXT ‐ SFD
NXT ‐ SFD®
(“Stress Field Detector”)
Corporate Presentation
p
June 2010 Panama
J 2010 P
2. • SFD® geophysical airborne survey
system for Exploration
• Detection at the atomic scale
• Commercialization with strong client
references
• Offices in North and South America
Citation 560 Survey Aircraft
SFD® Survey Equipment
SFD® Si l I t
Signal Interpretation Theatre
t ti Th t
3. NXT’s Experience
Locations of Completed • Public company ‐ $50 Million dollars
Surveys invested in the development and
commercialization of the technology
• Acquired over 500,000 line km of
q ,
SFD®
• Customers include large IOCs
and NOC’s
• Repeat & references
customers
Middle East • Diverse geologic environments
• Approved in Colombia by ANH to bid
SFD for work commitments
Colombia
5. Comparison of Geophysical Methods
SFD® Cost, Time and Access Advantages
10,000 sq km
Access, security and environmental Impact
k
m
Low High
0 $5 $10 $15 $20 $25 $30
Frontier Area $30 Million
600km 2D Seismic
2 years
Invasive, high environmental impact
Aeromag / $1.5 Million
Aerogravity 6 months
5000km
Low altitude, low speed - security issues, potential wildlife impact
SFD SSurvey $3 Million
2500 line km 3 months
High altitude, high speed – minimal impact
0 3mo 6mo 9mo 1year 2 years
Timing
6. Frontier and Technical Evaluation Area
Deliverables
D li bl
Seismic
• Products
– SFD Report
• Ranking of trap and reservoir
2A prospectively
Wide Area SFD Grid – Prospectively map for wide area
(grid) SFD
100km • 5km to 20km grid spacing
– Trap and reservoir quality ranking
T d i li ki
of SFD Regional lines
• Seismic analogs
100km
• Field analogs
2B
2B+ • Regional lines
Regional lines
• Benefits
– Enable purchasing or relinquishing
decisions
– Identify areas for seismic
Identify areas for seismic
acquisition
– Onshore / offshore
Frontier Exploration Block
Frontier Exploration Block
7. Integration of Geophysical Methods
Integration of Geophysical Methods
• SFD has certain response that is Conventional 3000km SFD with
statistically associated with traps Exploration 600 km 300 km Seismic
seismic
in an exploration area S G d
SFD Grid
100km
00k Seismic
• Effectively seismic with SFD
searches with a resolution of the Prospect2
Prospect1
SFD grid
Prospect3
Trap Fault Target Basement
(Reservoir + seal) Detection Depth Depth
hydrocarbon or
200km
m
water Prospect4
P t4
Stratigraphic &
Yes No No
SFD Structural Prospect5
No Possible No Yes
Aero‐gravity
Aeromagnetics No Yes No No
Require Special
acquisition and Yes Yes Yes
Seismic AVO
8. Comparison of Seismic Coverage Map
Comparison of Seismic Coverage Map
Frontier Block
• 25x25 Seismic grid
• P90 minimum
P90 minimum
detectable
reservoir size is
289 Sq km
• Significant
potential will be
missed
• What is the value
What is the value
of replacing the
two most marginal
lines of seismic of
with SFD?
Proposed Seismic
Trap
9. SFD Coverage Map
SFD Coverage Map
• 10x10 grid
• P90 minimum
P90 minimum
detectable
reservoir size is
25sqkm
• Coverage map
indicating 1km
reservoir detection
distance from flight
distance from flight
line
• Field analogs are
not required
except for sensor
QC
Proposed SFD Grid
Trap
10. Comparison of Seismic Coverage Map
Comparison of Seismic Coverage Map
Seismic planed from SFD survey
• In sensitive areas
where seismic is
expensive
• You can design
your survey to
minimize cost and
i i i t d
timelines
• The Seismic
program can be
program can be
planned to assess
all SFD anomalies
• Seismic program
now has the
effective resolution
Proposed Seismic based on SFD Trap of SFD ie. 25 sqkm
12. Tectonic impact‐ Regional stress direction
(Western Canada Sedimentary basin)
Regional horizontal stress
direction is controlled by
direction is controlled by
tectonic forces
Horizontal stresses define
the migration pathways,
reservoir orientation and
fluid expulsion
SFD sensor couple and
adopt to regional (large
scale) background stress
l )b k d t
direction
13. Reservoir Effect on Horizontal Stress Field
• Locally a trap will alter
the regional direction of
horizontal stresses
• Principal horizontal
stress components are
redistributed due to:
– Porosity
y
– Trapped Fluids
– Fracturing
– Reservoir Pressure
• SFD detects changes in
SFD detects changes in
the direction of the
stress field
• These directional
changes indicate a
changes indicate a
change in stress
anisotropy located at the
edges of traps
14. SFD responds to Changes Horizontal Stress
Orientation Change
®
SFD Sensor respond to perturbations related to changes in horizontal stress direction
Sensor respond to perturbations related to changes in horizontal stress direction
SFD ® Sensor couples with the direction of Horizontal Stress
p
SFD ® Method uses gravity as a transfer medium
Method uses gravity as a transfer medium
SH max
(Direction of the
(Direction of the
Maximum Horizontal Stress)
changes in stress orientation
SFD is acquired at
450 km/hour,
450 km/hour, entering reservoir
with a range of
1,800km and
at altitudes
between 2,500
and 5,000 meters
15. Significance of atomic scale mass detector
Significance of atomic scale mass detector
The SFD® sensor element coupling to the force field of
gravity as ‘wave’ renders momentum transfer
negligible, hence the anisotropy in horizontal field
becomes detectible.
Sailors on the deck of aircraft carrier
Sailors on the deck of aircraft carrier
Ping Pong balls
Which objects feel the small ripples in the water?
Which objects ‘feel’ the small ripples in the water?
16. What the SFD device does and does not respond to…?
• SFD is designed to ‘ride’ the regional density/gravity field. The properties of
the sensor (mass, scale etc) are chosen to continuously maintain its
equilibrium state.
• Magnitude changes in the density/gravity will not affect the equilibrium state
of the SFD sensors
f th SFD
– However, strong lithologic contrasts may ‘knock’ the sensor out of its equilibrium (which is a
recognizable signal response)
• In order to detect variations of the in‐situ ‘stress‐states’ the sensors are
moved across the field at high velocity in a straight line.
– Aircraft turning (it perceived by the sensor that stress orientation is changing)
• SFD sensor does not respond to topographic changes (shear does not exist at
surface, only at depth)
18. Gilby Oil Field N1A90512 – SFD Sensor “Gengar2”
Western Canada
•Example of a stratigraphic play
Western Canada
S dt ti l
•Sand truncation play 1‐ Adsett
1 2‐ Halfway
3‐ Bullmoose
•77.6 MMbbl oil and 56 Bcf of Gas in place. 2
4‐ Dunvegan
5‐ Puskwa
•30 ft of net pay 4 6‐ Goodwin
•Avg 27 API at a 3 7‐ Gilby
5
8‐ Hayter
•Depth of 7000 ft. 6
•Shallow coal bed methane Colombia
C l bi
9‐ Rubiales
7 8
Interface
Structural
Sand
Carbonate
Heavy Oil
Flight direction
Gilby Oil Field
(Jurassic)
21. Colombia
Technical Evaluation Area
100km 12
00km
10
Colombia
9‐ Rubiales 11
10‐ Tacacho 9
11‐ Cusiana
12‐ Chuchupa
h h
10
Structural
Sand
Carbonate
C b t
Heavy Oil
FRONTIER AND TECHNICAL
EVALUATION AREA SOLUTIONS:
PACIFIC RUBIALES ENERGY
22. Business results of the Tacacho block survey
Business results of the Tacacho block survey
Reservoir Potential Map
100km
• ANH approved ‐ 100km seismic
commitment be replaced with SFD®
commitment be replaced with SFD®
program fully covering the Tacacho
TEA block in Putumayo Basin
100km
• Return on SFD® program
– SFD identified areas of high reservoir
SFD identified areas of high reservoir
potential
(example not from Tacacho)
– Pacific Rubiales Energy (PRE)
converted SFD® recommended areas
to two Exploration blocks
• Even areas with sparse seismic
Even areas with sparse seismic
– PRE committed to the acquisition of
480 km ($8MM) of seismic to confirm
prospects
– Farmed out 49.5% of its working
interest to Petrodorado
interest to Petrodorado Ltd
– SFD is approved in Colombia by ANH
to bid for work commitments
23. Colombia
A N
May 25, 2009
SFD® signal over
Rubiales
Rubiales field
B
v)
Voltage (v
14km
Signal relaxation
A Reservoir indicator B
Time (seconds)
24. A N
May 25, 2009
SFD® signal over
Rubiales field
B
v)
Voltage (v
High frequency
character anomalous
from background
Is a strong reservoir
indicator
A B
Time (seconds)
25. Testimonial
“The SFD® survey system
allowed us to do a timely
evaluation of our TEA block in
l ti f TEA bl k i
the Putumayo basin. We are
making extensive use of the
SFD® data concurrently with the
rest of the information to select
rest of the information to select
the best areas for future
exploration.”
Dr. Jairo
Dr Jairo Lugo
Sr. Vice President, Exploration
Pacific Rubiales Energy
26. Chuchupa
DM‐CH
SFD® signature from
g
offshore Colombia
Chuchupa is a 5.5 TCF Gas
Field – Signal relaxation
sequence with high
sequence with high
frequency effects
Chuchupa Gas Field
27. May 25, 2009
N SFD® signals over
signals over
Cupiagua field –
B Colombia ‐ A Billion
Cupiagua
BBL oil field
A
Reservoir
Reservoir
development
A B
28. Dunvegan Field, AB – Debolt Formation Fault Trap
Reservoir
R i
indicator
SFD® Flight line
Dunvegan Field in Alberta
Canada has produced 1.1 Tcf of
gas
from Mississippian Debolt
formation with additional light
oil production from Devonian
carbonates. The area is still
under development drilling and
new pools are found within
deeper zones related to
faulting.
faulting
29. Western Canada
Halfway Erosional Stratigraphic Play 2
1
Western Canada
1‐ Adsett
2‐ Halfway
3‐ Bullmoose
4‐
4 Dunvegan
5‐ Puskwa
4
6‐ Goodwin
Identification of a facies change 3
5
6
7‐ Gilby
8‐ Hayter
Identification of reservoir within new background 7 8
Colombia
9‐ Rubiales
Point Anomaly
Point Anomaly Structural
Sand
Buick Creek Carbonate
Heavy Oil
~500 BCF
~7 MSTB
Currant –
Halfway A
Rigel –
2.6 MSTB Dunlvy F
Signal Buildup
392 BCF
Signal Buildup
Baseline drop
Frequency Increase
Relaxation / Character Change
No sand Halfway Fm. sandstone
Erosional edge
30.
31. Review of statistic to validate and
calibrate SFD correlation
Well distribution 2A or higher anomalies
• Statistical analysis for SFD 100
90
N
validation
lid i u
m W
80
70
– Detect fields above 500,000 b
e
e
l
60
50
BBLs r l
s
40
30
Series1
– Minimum 2km resolution O
f
20
10
– Can not distinguish between 0
stacked reservoirs BOE Volumes in MSTB
O o u es S
N5E80310 ‐ Non‐anomalous areas‐ well distribution
20
N 18
16
u 14
m W 12
10
b e 8
6
e l 4 Series1
r l 2
0
s
O
f
BOE Volumes in MSTB
32. Summary
y • Possibility to quickly assess
y q y
remote or restricted areas
• Detection and ranking of
SFD quickly and effectively
SFD i kl d ff i l areas with exploration
locates “high‐impact” new
exploration plays potential
• Meet tight dead lines and tight
Meet tight dead lines and tight
budgets
• Identify areas with indications
y
of reservoir and seal
• Focus seismic interpretation
on finding new play concepts
associated with SFD anomalies