This document is a script for an educational module on note making for English class IX. It outlines the importance of note-taking skills, differentiates between note-making and note-taking, and provides practical methods for creating effective notes. Additionally, it includes examples, exercises, and guidelines on how to enhance note-making abilities using abbreviations and structured organization.

1. PES/ENG/IX/107
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A PUNJAB EDUSAT SOCIETY PRODUCTION
SUBJECT - ENGLISH
CLASS - IX
CHAPTER - NOTE MAKING
Part I
VO Montage
SHOW THIS DIALOGUE CONVERSATION
Show a college going girl with disturbed expression on her face.
Girl on screen well what shall I do? I don’t understand.
Suddenly her mother appears on screen.
Mother What happened sweety?
Girl mom,I am very disturbed. I can’t cope up with speed of my lecturers
in college
Mother be specific child
Girl mom I can’t write complete notes when they talk or discuss in the
class. I always miss something or the other and you know it is not
school that you can complete your work later. Here once class is
over everyone gets busy with something or other.
Mother I don’t understand why you are so disturbed? Haven’t you learnt
NOTE MAKING in your school? Why don’t you use that?
Girl Yes mom how can I forget that. It is the easiest method to write with
all short forms and abbreviations. Wow mom you are great, you are
genius. You have solved my problem so easily. THANK YOU.
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ANCHOR
Good morning students, how are you doing? You just now observed the conversation
between mother and daughter. Well, today students, we all face this difficulty of writing
notes in a less span of time. So let’s learn about our new writing topic called NOTE
MAKING.
Do you know its meaning? Well note making is when you return to some text and make
notes on them. This means you annotate them, put things into your own words or
summarise them and highlight key points. Do you have an idea of the meaning of note
taking?
Note-taking is when you are reading or hearing something for the first time and you are
trying to jot down the key information so you can use it later. It’s simple!
But we are going to study note making today. Let us see our learning objectives first.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This lesson will enable students
• To identify why it is important to have note-taking skills.
• To differentiate between note-taking and note-making.
• To recognize that there are different ways of taking effective notes.
ANCHOR
So students note making is something which will be of great help to you in future too.
Let us see how it is done. What is the purpose of taking notes? By making notes you
actively process and interpret ideas and information. These aids
concentration and understanding so you learn more. Are they of any help?
Yes they are of great help. Notes help you to
• prepare and plan assignments and projects by helping you identify main points
and organise your ideas into a logical order.
• At exam time, you won't be able to re-read lots of books, so notes will provide a
concise record of information for you to revise from.
Is there any special method to make notes?
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Yes there is a way which we are going to study but Notes are for your own use, so
devise your own system for making notes and organising them.
Well students let us see the way.
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
• First of all be very careful in reading of your text. First reading should be very
careful with deep understanding.
• In the second reading underline the key points or main ideas.
Let us see one example
Exercise 1 Read the following text and make notes.
Now remember while reading underline the main points to.
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
COFFEE AND ITS PROCESSING
The coffee plant, an evergreen shrub or small tree of African origin, begins to
produce fruit 3 or 4 years after being planted. The fruit is hand-gathered when it is
fully ripe and a reddish purple in colour. The ripened fruits of the coffee shrubs are
processed where they are produced to separate the coffee seeds from their
covering and from the pulp. Two different techniques are in use: a wet process and a
dry process.
The wet process First the fresh fruit is pulped by a pulping machine. Some pulp still
clings to the coffee, however, and this residue is removed by fermentation in tanks. The
few remaining traces of pulp are then removed by washing. The coffee seeds are then
dried to a moisture content of about 12 per cent either by exposure to the sun or by hot-
air driers. If dried in the sun, they must be turned by hand several times a day for even
drying.
The dry process In the dry process the fruits are immediately placed to dry either in the
sun or in hot-air driers. Considerably more time and equipment is needed for drying
than in the wet process. When the fruits have been dried to a water content of about 12
per cent the seeds are mechanically freed from their coverings.
The characteristic aroma and taste of coffee only appear later and are developed by
the high temperatures to which they are subjected during the course of the process
known as roasting. Temperatures are raised progressively to about 220-230�C. The
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seeds become rich brown in colour; their texture becomes porous and crumbly under
pressure.
But the most important phenomenon of roasting is the appearance of the
characteristic aroma of coffee, which arises from very complex chemical
transformations within the beans. The coffee, on leaving the industrial roasters, is
rapidly cooled in a vat where it is stirred and subjected to cold air propelled by a
blower. Good quality coffees are then sorted by electronic sorters and sent to the
market for being sold.
ANCHOR
Now see in our first reading we have underlined only key points of the passage on
production of coffee and its processing.
Now let us see how to make notes from it. There is a way to do it. Please follow these
rules that are coming on the screen.
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
Structure and organisation
• Always write a heading or title to your notes.
• Your topic may have a number of equally important sections with some minor
sub-divisions so you need to use sub-headings.
• Write notes in a logical order to show how ideas are related or how themes
developed.
• Use letters or numbers to show the order of your notes - either main points to
minor points (structure) or first event to
• One of the most important jobs of good note making is highlighting these key
words and main points
ANCHOR
So now we arrange important sections as like this
Side a will be read by super and side b by anchor
SIDE A SIDE B
Heading COFFEE AND ITS PROCESSING
Main point details on coffee
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Sub division two diff techniques
Sub heading wet and dry process etc
Other points aroma and taste
After roasting
Colour
Rich brown
Students remember side a is not written while making notes.
Our next key thing to remember is
When taking notes in class you won't have much time to write, so develop your own
'shorthand' using abbreviations and symbols. The following abbreviations could be
useful
for example
• i.e. that is
• + and
• = equals
• NB note well
• % percentage
• etc and so on
• et al. and others (for second and subsequent author
• < less than
 greater than
• therefore
• a/c account
• n/a not applicable
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Yes students when making notes we do not write complete words we use short forms
and abbreviation
Like in the above notes we should have written
Heading COFFEE AND ITS PROCESSING
Main point details on coffee
Sub division two diff techs
Sub heading wet and dry process etc
Other points aroma and taste
After roastg
Colr
Rich brown
So did you see it appears to be almost doing rough work but it is done in a proper
manner.
SUPER
Are there any more points to keep in mind?
ANCHOR
Yes there are.
• Underline important points once,
• very important points twice.
• Use CAPITAL LETTERS
• Draw boxes around the keywords
• Draw an asterisk next to the main idea*
• Go over the important points with a highlighter pen
• Abbreviations
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Always remember these points.
So your final notes of the above passage will look like this
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
COFFEE AND ITS PROCESSING
1. coffee plant
• evergreen shrub / small tree
• from Africa
• fruits after 3/4 years
• fruit - red/purple
• gathered by hand
2. processed to separate seeds from covering
3. two processes used
A.wet process
fruit pulped by machine
fermentation in tanks
washing
` seeds dried to 12% moisture
` ` by sun or hot air driers
need to be turned by hand
B. dry process
dried immediately in sun or with driers
when dried to 12% seeds freed from coverings
3.roasting at 220-230 oC
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releases gases etc –
loss of weight, increases volume,
4.aroma and taste develop
5.become rich brown in colour,
6.texture becomes porous
7.finally sorted.
ANCHOR
So students this is how note making is done. This is not very difficult. The only thing to
keep in mind is careful reading of the passage.
There are few more abbreviations which you can use. These few examples will help you
in giving you clear picture how you can abbreviate the words.
Here are they
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
• c.f. (confer) = compare
• i.e. (id est) = that is
• e.g (exempla grate) = for example
• NB (nota benne) =note well
• no. (numero) = number
• etc. (et cetera)= and so on
ANCHOR
Here you can shorten any word that is commonly used in your lectures
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
a) In chemistry:
Au for gold
Mg for magnesium
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b) Some common ones are
diff =different
Gov = government
c) NE In the case of quantities and concepts, these are represented by Greek
letters in many fields.
A or a (alpha) B or b (beta)
C = necessary
ANCHOR
Well students these were some key points for your understanding. Well let us now see
few examples to understand it further.
First read this passage carefully.
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
There are three types of American rice.long grain is slender and the grain remain
separate when cooked.it is suited to main dishes,salads and soups. Medium grain is
plumper then long grain and more tender when cooked.short grain is almost round;;the
grains stick together when cooked.
Rice is also classified according to the ways, it is processed.brown rice retain the bran
and germ (and therefore more nutrient); par boiled rice and converted rice is soaked,
steamed ,and dried before milling. It retains more nutrients then white rice but takes five
to ten minutes longer to cook. Precooked white rice is cooked and dehydrated after
milling and needs little cooking.
ANCHOR
Re-read the passage and then underline the key points.
(For MM) Underline the words written in bold
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
NOTE : never talk or mention any example given in the passage in your notes.
Let us make notes now.
Classification of rice
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a. How it looks
Long grain slender
Med grain tender when cooked
Short grain round
b. How it is processed
Brown rice retains bran & germs
Parboiled rice soaked, steamed & dried
Precooked white rice cooked & dehydrated
ANCHOR
SO STUDENTS IT WAS SIMPLE. Well how many of you eat rice?
I think almost everyone. So did you notice how many types of rice are there and how
they are made?
See English subject is giving you so much of general knowledge too.
Well students listen to this conversation between Raj and Sunny.
(show two boys on screen)
Raj; sunny have you ever worked on computer?
Sunny ofcourse Raj, definitely. But why are you asking?
Raj well actually yesterday when I was writing mail to my sister in London ,I
realized one thing, the shorthand type of writing which we use on net is
actually something which our English teacher was trying to teach us in
notemaking. Isn’t it?
Sunny oh yes, she is asking us to use short forms only. So now whenever we
have to make notes we have to remember that as if we are writing on
computer.
Raj yes sunny. You are absolutely right.
Sunny well thank you Raj for this great connectivity.
ANCHOR
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11. PES/ENG/IX/107
Well students I hope by now you must have understood
What is note making?
How it is done?
Why it is done?
SUMMARY
• Note taking is an important academic task that helps you to remember what you
have learnt and helps you to review materials for re-use in revision and
assignments.
• It is important that you are critical when note taking and that you only write or
draw what you will need later on, and that you record the information in a format
that is easy to understand.
• You should look out for clues about what is important.
• The lecturer or author will organise his or her material in a logical way so try to
utilise their organisational skills when note taking.
• When taking notes you might like to try different study techniques such as the
SQ3R approach or you might like to use a more visual approach such as a spray
diagram.
• And most importantly, after taking effective notes, it is important to organise and
store your notes effectively. Effective note taking should reduce your study time,
should increase your retention of knowledge, and should provide you with a
summarised list of resources for your future projects.
Anchor
Children, we now come to the end of our module on Note making Part I. See you soon
again with another module on Note making. But before that, Happy Learning and hope
you will go back and try to make notes, following the rules you learnt today. Remember
children, to recall is very important! Good day.
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12. PES/ENG/IX/107
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13. PES/ENG/IX/107
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