Norway has a long history dating back 9,000 years, and was united as a kingdom in 900 AD. It gained independence from Sweden in 1905 after 400 years of union. Norway celebrates its national day on May 17th, characterized by children's parades wearing traditional costumes. Norway has a unique monarchy established by referendum in 1905. It is a founding member of the UN and NATO but has rejected joining the EU. Norway has a mixed economy relying on oil and gas exports, and offers virtually free public higher education through universities and colleges.

1. Nathalie LlorcaNORWAY

2. HistoryThe earliest signs of human settlement in Norway date back to 9000 BC. Norway was united to one kingdom 900 AD. After being part of the Danish autocracy for 400 years, Norway got its own constitution in 1814 and joined into a loose union with Sweden that lasted until 1905.

3. In 1319, Sweden and Norway were united under King Magnus Eriksson. In 1349, the Black Death killed between 50% and 60% of the population,resulting in a period of decline, both socially and economically.Norway’s National DayNorwegian’s celebrate their national day differently than in any other country. On the 17th of May, it is the colorful processions of children with their banners, flags and bands that play the main role.

4. It is the spring celebration from the lowliest backwater of the capital of Oslo.

5. Another special characteristic that contributes to making this day unique is all the beautiful national costumes that more and more people are wearing in recent years.Political The Norwegian monarchy is unique in the sense that in 1905, when Norway declared its independence, a referendum was held asking the electorate to vote for either a monarchy or a republic. Even though only men were allowed to vote at the time, women also organized petitions. The referendum (and the petitions) resulted in a majority in favor of a monarchy.

6. Foreign relations & MilitaryNorway is a founding member of the United Nations, NATO and the Council of Europe.

7. The Norwegian electorate has twice rejected treaties of accession to the European Union (EU).

8. The Norwegian Armed Forces currently numbers about 23,000 personnel, including civilian employees.