This document discusses different types of non-probability sampling methods. It defines non-probability sampling as selecting individuals for a study based on non-random criteria, where not every individual has an equal chance of being included. The document describes four main types of non-probability sampling: convenience sampling, which uses available participants; purposive sampling, where the researcher selects a sample most useful for the study; quota sampling, which uses predefined standards to select a representative sample; and snowball sampling, which finds additional subjects through the contacts of initial subjects when the population is hard to locate.

1. NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING

2. SAMPLING
Population ( empirical target population)
collection of all individuals or objects or items under
study Finite/Infinite
Sampling frame
A list of the items or people forming a population from
which a sample is taken and denoted by N.
(Finite Population: universities, Hospitals, Companies)
Sample
A part of a population and denoted by n

3. NEED OF SAMPLING
 Large Population can be conveniently covered.
 Time, money and energy is saved.
 Helpful when units of area are homogenous.
 Used when percent accuracy is not acquired.
 Used when data is unlimited.
 Only way population is large and census is difficult.

4. NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING
In a Non-Probability sample, individuals
are selected based on non-random criteria,
and not every individuals has a chance of
being included.

6. CONVENIENCE SAMPLING
Convenience sampling involves using
participants in a study because they are
convenient and available.

7. PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
This type of sampling involves the
researcher using their judgment to select a
sample that is most useful to the purposes
of the research.

8. QUOTA SAMPLING
In Quota sampling, selection of members
in this sampling technique happens on basis
of a pre-set standard. The analyst pre-
defines attributes of the elements in the
population that should be sampled.

9. SNOWBALL SAMPLING
Snowball sampling is used studies which
need to be carries out to understand
subjects which are difficult to trace. In such
cases, using the snowball theory,
researchers can track a few of that
particular category to interview and results
will be derived on that basis.