Non-aqueous titration and complexometric Titration.pptx

1. Non-aqueous titration and
complexometric Titration

2. Introduction:
Non-aqueous titration is the titration in which titration of "week acidic or week
basic substance" is carried out using" non aqueous substance" to get end point.
Weak acid:
Weak acid is an acid that is "partially dissociated" into its ions in an aqeous
solution or water,e.g-hydroflouric acid(HF).
Weak base:
Weak base is a base that is partially dissociated in an aqueous solution, e.g-
NH₄OH

3. Principle:
The reaction that occurs during non-aqueous titration can be explained by
means of the concept of Bronsted-Lowry theory. According to this theory, an acid is
a substance which will tend to donate a proton and abase is any substance, which
will accept a proton. When an acid HB dissociates it yields a proton together with
the conjugate base B of the acid,
HB ⇌ B+ + F-
Alternatively, the base B will combine with a proton to yield the conjugate acid HB.

4. Need of non-aqeous Titration:
• To titrate week acid or week bases.
• To get sharp end point.
• To determine the substances which are insoluble in water.
Non-aqueous Solvents:
Solvents which are used in non-aqueous titration are called non-aqueous
solvents.

5. Types:
They are following types:-
1. Aprotic Solvent
2. Protogenic Solvent
3. Protophillic Solvent
4. Amphiprotic Solvent

6. 1. Aprotic Solvents/Inert solvents:
• Aprotic solvent are most important solvent in this titration. These solvents are
chemically inert and they work as a catalyst.
• The most important examples of aprotic solvents are; Chloroform, Benzene,
Carbon tetra chloride etc

7. 2. Protogenic Solvents:
• Protogenic solvents are acidic in nature and they can donate the proton and
enhance the strength of weak bases.
• Examples of Protogenic solvents are; HCL, H₂SO₄

8. 3. Protophillic Solvents:
• Protophillic solvents are basic in nature, which possess a high affinity for proton.
• Examples are; Liquid ammonia, amines, and ketone

9. 4. Amphiprotic Solvents:
• Amphiprotic solvents are those solvents which act as both Protogenic and
Protophillic solvents.
• For example; Alcohols and week organic acids.