The document discusses noise pollution, defined as disruptive and harmful sound from sources like transportation and machinery, affecting both human health and wildlife. It highlights health impacts including hypertension and hearing loss, along with environmental consequences for species communication and behavior. Solutions for noise mitigation include turning off appliances, improved vehicle designs, aircraft noise abatement tactics, and adopting stringent building codes for sound control.

1. AnjaliTripathi
SHUATS

4. • What is Noise pollution?
• Impact of noise pollution on health
• Noise pollution control or noise mitigation

5.  A sound, especially one that is loud or unpleasant or that
causes disturbance.
 Noise pollution is the disturbing noise with harmful
impact on the activity of human or animal life. The source
of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused
by machines, transportation systems, motor
 vehicles engines and trains. Outdoor noise is summarized
by the word environmental noise. Poor urban planning may
give rise to noise pollution, side-by-side industrial and
residential buildings can result in noise pollution in the
residential areas.
 Sound becomes unwanted when it either interferes with
normal activities such as sleep, conversation, or disrupts or
diminishes one's quality of life.

6.  OF HUMANS
 Noise pollution affects both health and behavior.
Unwanted sound (noise) can damage psychological
health. Noise pollution can cause hypertension, high
stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances,
and other harmful effects.
 Chronic exposure to noise may cause noise-induced
hearing loss.

7.  High noise levels can result in cardiovascular effects
and exposure to moderately high levels during a single
eight-hour period causes a statistical rise in blood
pressure of five to ten points and an increase in stress,
and vasoconstriction leading to the increased blood
pressure noted above, as well as to increased incidence
of coronary artery disease.
 Less addressed is how humans adapt to noise
subjectively. Indeed, tolerance for noise is frequently
independent of decibel levels.

8.  OF WILDLIFE
• Noise can have a detrimental effect on wild animals,
increasing the risk of death by changing the delicate
balance in predator or prey detection and avoidance,
and interfering the use of the sounds in
communication, especially in relation to reproduction
and in navigation. Acoustic overexposure can lead to
temporary or permanent loss of hearing.

10. Noise also makes species communicate more
loudly, which is called Lombard vocal
response. Scientists and researchers have
conducted experiments that show whales' song
length is longer when submarine-detectors are
on. If creatures do not "speak" loudly enough,
their voice will be masked by anthropogenic
sounds. These unheard voices might be warnings,
finding of prey, or preparations of net-bubbling.
When one species begins speaking more loudly, it
will mask other species' voice, causing the whole
ecosystem eventually to speak more loudly.

11. •Marine invertebrates, such as crabs (Carcinus maenas),
have also been shown to be negatively affected by ship
noise. Larger crabs were noted to be negatively affected
more by the sounds than smaller crabs. Repeated exposure
to the sounds did lead to acclimatization.

12.  Turn off Appliances at Home and offices
We can turn off home and office appliances when not in use
such as TV, games, computers etc. it can create unnecessary
stress on ears. We can save electricity also when we turn
them off.

13.  Source control in roadway noise has provided little
reduction in vehicle noise, except for the development of
the hybrid vehicle; nevertheless, hybrid use will need to
attain a market share of roughly fifty percent to have a
major impact on noise source reduction of city streets.
 Highway noise is today less affected by motor type, since
the effects in higher speed are aerodynamic and tire noise
related. Other contributions to reduction of noise at the
source are: improved tire tread designs for trucks in the
1970s, better shielding of diesel stacks in the 1980s, and
local vehicle regulation of unmuffled vehicles.

14.  As in the case of roadway noise, little progress has been
made in quelling aircraft noise at the source, other than
elimination of loud engine designs from the 1960s and
earlier. Because of its velocity and volume, jet turbine
engine exhaust noise defies reduction by any simple
means.
 The most promising forms of aircraft noise abatement
are through land planning, flight operations restrictions
and residential soundproofing. Flight restrictions can
take the form of preferred runway use, departure flight
path and slope, and time-of-day restrictions. These
tactics are sometimes controversial since they can
impact aircraft safety, flying convenience and airline
economics.

15.  Architectural acoustics noise control practices include:
interior sound reverberation reduction, inter-room noise
transfer mitigation and exterior building skin
augmentation.
 In the case of construction of new (or
remodeled) apartments, condominiums, hospitals,
and hotels, many states and cities have stringent building
codes with requirements of acoustical analysis, in order to
protect building occupants. With regard to exterior noise,
the codes usually require measurement of the exterior
acoustic environment in order to determine the
performance standard required for exterior building skin
design.

16.  This situation classically is thought to involve
primarily manufacturing settings where industrial
machinery produces intense sound levels,not
uncommonly in the 75 to 85 decibel range. While this
circumstance is the most dramatic, there are many
other office type environments where sound levels may
lie in the range of 70 to 75 decibels, entirely composed
of office equipment, music, public address systems,
and even exterior noise intrusion. The latter
environments can also produce noise health
effects provided that exposures are long term