The document provides an overview of the April 2014 issue of the NNFCC feedstocks market review newsletter. It includes sections on land use and sustainability, the market, research and development, wood and crops, residues and wastes, events, and feedstock prices. The summary provides high-level information on developments in the wood pellet industry, sustainability standards and certification, new biomass fuel standards, and capacity expansions for wood pellet production facilities.
Global flammable material refrigerator market research report 2021mahesh_mali
This report studies Flammable Material Refrigerator in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with Production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer
The report introduces the current scenario of the market for plastic containers. The executive summary section of the report offers information regarding the future scope of the global plastic containers market. Brief information on the vital aspects, facts, and statistics on the global plastic containers market is emphasized in this section.
The report “High Temperature Adhesives Market by Polymer Type (Epoxy, Silicone, Polyurethane, Acrylic), Technology (Solvent based, Reactive, Film, and Hot Melt), Applications, and Region - Global Trends and Forecasts to 2019” defines and segments the high temperature adhesives market with an analysis and forecast of the volumes and values of types such as epoxy, silicone, polyurethane, acrylic and others individually. Along with this, the volume & value of materials by technologies such as solvent based, reactive, film, and others are also discussed.
Metalized Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP) Films Market Analysis, Grow...Grand View Research
Increasing consumer goods market is anticipated to fuel packaging demand which in turn is expected to augment metalized BOPP films market growth over the forecast period.
For More Information Visit - http://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/metalized-biaxially-oriented-polypropylene-films-market
Global flammable material refrigerator market research report 2021mahesh_mali
This report studies Flammable Material Refrigerator in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with Production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer
The report introduces the current scenario of the market for plastic containers. The executive summary section of the report offers information regarding the future scope of the global plastic containers market. Brief information on the vital aspects, facts, and statistics on the global plastic containers market is emphasized in this section.
The report “High Temperature Adhesives Market by Polymer Type (Epoxy, Silicone, Polyurethane, Acrylic), Technology (Solvent based, Reactive, Film, and Hot Melt), Applications, and Region - Global Trends and Forecasts to 2019” defines and segments the high temperature adhesives market with an analysis and forecast of the volumes and values of types such as epoxy, silicone, polyurethane, acrylic and others individually. Along with this, the volume & value of materials by technologies such as solvent based, reactive, film, and others are also discussed.
Metalized Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP) Films Market Analysis, Grow...Grand View Research
Increasing consumer goods market is anticipated to fuel packaging demand which in turn is expected to augment metalized BOPP films market growth over the forecast period.
For More Information Visit - http://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/metalized-biaxially-oriented-polypropylene-films-market
Bunker Fuel Market Segment Forecasts up to 2020, Research Reports:TMRcollinsR1
Fuel utilized by shipping companies for fueling their marine fleet is commonly referred to as bunker fuel. Currently, fuel oil is the most widely used bunker fuel. However, apart from fuel oil, other middle distillate fuels are also utilized as bunker fuels. Bunker fuel costs account for approximately 70% of the total voyage expenditure for a vessel and ship operators prefer purchasing bunker fuel from ports where the cost is lower. Some operators prefer purchasing a major portion of the total fuel requirement for the voyage from a single port which offers bunker fuel at economical prices. However,
The factors that are playing a major role in the growth of the market are easy availability of raw materials, high demand for particle board in the furniture industry, and its unique sound-absorbing properties.
GCiS is the author of this in-depth China waterborne wood coatings market report, which done for China Waterborne Coating Platform - a domestic green coating association.
This document provides an overview and extracts from the main AD Deployment in the UK report which is available from NNFCC.
NNFCC has published the definitive report on Anaerobic Digestion Deployment in the UK. The report provides a comprehensive regional breakdown of sector development in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the 10 regions of England, providing detailed information on feedstock requirements, installed capacity and output type (combined heat & power or biomethane-to grid) for every project.There are over 130 operational AD plants in the UK outside of the sewage treatment sector, with more than 340 projects currently under development. NNFCC has now published the definitive report on Anaerobic Digestion Deployment in the UK. The report provides a comprehensive regional breakdown of sector development in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the 10 regions of England, giving detailed information on feedstock requirements, installed capacity and output type (combined heat & power or biomethane-to grid) for every project.
http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/bioenergy/ad-deployment-report
Each month we review the latest news and select key announcements and commentary from across the biobased chemicals and materials sector including biodegradable and compostable plastic
Wood Pellet Market Growth, Demand and Challenges of the Key Industry Players ...IMARC Group
The global wood pellet market size reached US$ 13.3 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 22.2 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 5.7% during 2024-2032.
More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/wood-pellet-market
Over the last decade, biomass of various kinds has become an increasingly commonly used fuel for electricity generation, particularly in the European Union, which mandated ambitious threshold targets for the share of renewables in total electricity generation.
Wood chips and pellets have taken a large share of biomass production, not just in Europe, but also parts of Asia as well. In fact, according to the US International Trade Commission, production of wood pellets in the US for export to these locations increased 400% between 2008 and 2014 to help meet the increased demand. The US International Trade Commission further states that, “estimates of global wood pellet consumption vary, but are currently in the range of 22 – 25 million metric tons (Mt) annually. This projected to rise to between 50 and 80 million Mt by 2020. At 19 million Mt in 2013, the EU accounted for 85 percent of global consumption of wood pellets.”
This white paper examines some of the challenges around managing and optimizing biomass supply chains and discusses Generation 10’s Commodity Manager as a comprehensive software solution to these challenges.
Each month we review the latest news and select key announcements and commentary from across the biofuels sector, including bioethanol, biodiesel and advanced biofuels.
Bunker Fuel Market Segment Forecasts up to 2020, Research Reports:TMRcollinsR1
Fuel utilized by shipping companies for fueling their marine fleet is commonly referred to as bunker fuel. Currently, fuel oil is the most widely used bunker fuel. However, apart from fuel oil, other middle distillate fuels are also utilized as bunker fuels. Bunker fuel costs account for approximately 70% of the total voyage expenditure for a vessel and ship operators prefer purchasing bunker fuel from ports where the cost is lower. Some operators prefer purchasing a major portion of the total fuel requirement for the voyage from a single port which offers bunker fuel at economical prices. However,
The factors that are playing a major role in the growth of the market are easy availability of raw materials, high demand for particle board in the furniture industry, and its unique sound-absorbing properties.
GCiS is the author of this in-depth China waterborne wood coatings market report, which done for China Waterborne Coating Platform - a domestic green coating association.
This document provides an overview and extracts from the main AD Deployment in the UK report which is available from NNFCC.
NNFCC has published the definitive report on Anaerobic Digestion Deployment in the UK. The report provides a comprehensive regional breakdown of sector development in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the 10 regions of England, providing detailed information on feedstock requirements, installed capacity and output type (combined heat & power or biomethane-to grid) for every project.There are over 130 operational AD plants in the UK outside of the sewage treatment sector, with more than 340 projects currently under development. NNFCC has now published the definitive report on Anaerobic Digestion Deployment in the UK. The report provides a comprehensive regional breakdown of sector development in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the 10 regions of England, giving detailed information on feedstock requirements, installed capacity and output type (combined heat & power or biomethane-to grid) for every project.
http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/bioenergy/ad-deployment-report
Each month we review the latest news and select key announcements and commentary from across the biobased chemicals and materials sector including biodegradable and compostable plastic
Wood Pellet Market Growth, Demand and Challenges of the Key Industry Players ...IMARC Group
The global wood pellet market size reached US$ 13.3 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 22.2 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 5.7% during 2024-2032.
More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/wood-pellet-market
Over the last decade, biomass of various kinds has become an increasingly commonly used fuel for electricity generation, particularly in the European Union, which mandated ambitious threshold targets for the share of renewables in total electricity generation.
Wood chips and pellets have taken a large share of biomass production, not just in Europe, but also parts of Asia as well. In fact, according to the US International Trade Commission, production of wood pellets in the US for export to these locations increased 400% between 2008 and 2014 to help meet the increased demand. The US International Trade Commission further states that, “estimates of global wood pellet consumption vary, but are currently in the range of 22 – 25 million metric tons (Mt) annually. This projected to rise to between 50 and 80 million Mt by 2020. At 19 million Mt in 2013, the EU accounted for 85 percent of global consumption of wood pellets.”
This white paper examines some of the challenges around managing and optimizing biomass supply chains and discusses Generation 10’s Commodity Manager as a comprehensive software solution to these challenges.
Each month we review the latest news and select key announcements and commentary from across the biofuels sector, including bioethanol, biodiesel and advanced biofuels.
NNFCC market review feedstocks issue seven october 2012NNFCC
Welcome to the October 2012 issue of our market review for biomass feedstocks. As the UK’s crop harvest draws to a close, it is not only remarkable for being two weeks later than normal and for producing the lowest yields seen since the 1980s but it could also play its part in causing a major shift in EU biofuel policy.
The biochar market has been segmented based on applications such as energy based source
for power plant, and other energy generation, non-energy based carbon sequestration,
forestry, mine reclamation, gardening, agriculture and others.
This presentation prepared by NNFCC Senior Consultant Andrea Muñoz García for the IrBEA Webinar Series provides an introduction to
AD Deployment in Ireland. An overview of the biogas and biomethane sectors in Ireland, including current and planned deployment, key regulatory aspects and funding opportunities available.
This presentation prepared by
Lucy Hopwood, NNFCC's Lead Consultant for Bioenergy & Anaerobic Digestion provides an introduction to the Anaerobic Digestion Market in the UK
5 steps to a sustainable biobased product economy (slideshare).pdfNNFCC
A chemicals and materials industry based on fossil inputs extracted from the geosphere is inherently unsustainable and can never achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions.
A transition to alternative raw materials is required. However this transition cannot be based on simply switching one type of raw material for another. The approach to transition must be wider and based on a re-engineering of the way the economy and society approaches manufacturing and the consumption of products.
The linear model of consumption (take, make, dispose) needs to end, as must approaches to consumerism such as fast fashion. To speak metaphorically, we must put the brakes on the material economy and change direction.
To be successful the biobased economy must overcome two critical challenges: cost and acceptance. The latter being the key to overcoming the former. The widespread acceptance by politicians, industrialists, and consumers, of the need to move away from fossil-based materials and that practical means of doing so exist, would unblock a flow of resources and market interventions allowing the scale up of technology, market development and learning-by-doing, which will inexorably reduce production costs.
The legitimacy of a biobased economy has been widely questioned by both NGOs and the academic community , , , , , although criticisms have been largely targeted at biofuel production, these concerns do apply to biobased products. Questions over biodiversity impacts, social concerns around food security and even questions on the potential for greenhouse gas emission reductions, serve to reduce the acceptance of biobased products as a positive change for good.
This position has resulted in the discrepancy seen between positive policy statements, recognising the need to reduce fossil inputs in material production , and the inertia in the actual practical implementation of policy , . This issue is widely recognised in the UK and across the EU, although the biobased economy is attractive in many ways; for too many stakeholders, it’s complicated and fraught with risk, resulting in a wait and see, or a let’s focus on simpler issues mind set.
Therefore, unlocking the full potential of the biobased economy rests on achieving a consensus between stakeholders on what a transition could look like and how it should be managed.
At the heart of societies environmental crisis lies the issue of overconsumption , . This isn’t just a fossil fuel problem but an issue which cuts across the extraction of all natural resources whether it be water for food production, sand for concrete manufacture or precious metals for mobile phones. ‘Earth overshoot day’ creeps earlier each year and it is argued that without intervention, by 2030 we will need 2 planets to meet both our resource needs and absorb societies wastes.
Five steps to a sustainable biobased product economy - Adrian Higson.pdfNNFCC
A chemicals and materials industry based on fossil inputs extracted from the geosphere is inherently unsustainable and can never achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions.
A transition to alternative raw materials is required. However this transition cannot be based on simply switching one type of raw material for another. The approach to transition must be wider and based on a re-engineering of the way the economy and society approaches manufacturing and the consumption of products.
The linear model of consumption (take, make, dispose) needs to end, as must approaches to consumerism such as fast fashion. To speak metaphorically, we must put the brakes on the material economy and change direction.
To be successful the biobased economy must overcome two critical challenges: cost and acceptance. The latter being the key to overcoming the former. The widespread acceptance by politicians, industrialists, and consumers, of the need to move away from fossil-based materials and that practical means of doing so exist, would unblock a flow of resources and market interventions allowing the scale up of technology, market development and learning-by-doing, which will inexorably reduce production costs.
The legitimacy of a biobased economy has been widely questioned by both NGOs and the academic community , , , , , although criticisms have been largely targeted at biofuel production, these concerns do apply to biobased products. Questions over biodiversity impacts, social concerns around food security and even questions on the potential for greenhouse gas emission reductions, serve to reduce the acceptance of biobased products as a positive change for good.
This position has resulted in the discrepancy seen between positive policy statements, recognising the need to reduce fossil inputs in material production , and the inertia in the actual practical implementation of policy , . This issue is widely recognised in the UK and across the EU, although the biobased economy is attractive in many ways; for too many stakeholders, it’s complicated and fraught with risk, resulting in a wait and see, or a let’s focus on simpler issues mind set.
Therefore, unlocking the full potential of the biobased economy rests on achieving a consensus between stakeholders on what a transition could look like and how it should be managed.
At the heart of societies environmental crisis lies the issue of overconsumption , . This isn’t just a fossil fuel problem but an issue which cuts across the extraction of all natural resources whether it be water for food production, sand for concrete manufacture or precious metals for mobile phones. ‘Earth overshoot day’ creeps earlier each year and it is argued that without intervention, by 2030 we will need 2 planets to meet both our resource needs and absorb societies wastes.
From Mills to Refineries - The Evolution of BiorefiningNNFCC
This presentation was given at the 2nd BBNet Conference: “Green Futures” What’s next for biorefineries?
The presentation considers the concept of biorefining and the origin of biorefineries. How renewable energy is increasingly being integrated into biorefinery operation is discussed and the consideration of carbon dioxide as feedstock for chemicals and fuel production.
Five steps to a sustainable biobased product economy - Adrian Higson.pdfNNFCC
This presentation was given at the CHEMUK 2022 - The UK Chemical & Process Industries Expo. The presentation discusses the need for societal, systems and technological change to enable a move from the current petrochemical industry to an industry based on the use of sustainable carbon resources. A presentation is accompanied by a discussion paper which can be accessed at https://www.nnfcc.co.uk/news-transition-biobased-economy-steps.
The role of biomass in the drive to Net-Zero?NNFCC
At the UK Biomass Biorefinery Network (BBNet) Annual Conference 13-15th October 2021, NNFCC's Director and Lead Consultant on Biobased Products, Dr Adrian Higson, gave a presentation:
'The role of biomass in the drive to Net Zero?'
The UK Government aims to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. The Climate Change Committee (CCC) conclude that sustainable biomass can play a significant role in achieving this, providing it is prioritised for the most valuable end-uses.
At the Inventu Bioplastic Innovation Forum on 4-5th November 2021, NNFCC's Director and Lead Consultant on Biobased Products, Dr Adrian Higson, gave a presentation titled 'Perspectives on feeding a hungry bioeconomy'.
In this presentation, an outlook on using biomass as a feedstock for bioenergy, biofuels and biobased materials is given.
Sustainable biomass can play a significant role in meeting long-term climate targets, if used effectively.
When it comes to the bio-based product market, are we climbing the slope of enlightenment or stuck in the trough of disillusionment? It’s now nearly 20 years since polylactic acid entered the market as a promising new commodity plastic, so what’s changed and is the industry developing as quickly as expected?
Bio-based products compete in a world dominated by fossil derived chemicals and materials. These fossil derived incumbents have the market advantage of proven technology and mature value chains, only through long-term innovation can bio-based products hope to build a significant market share.
However, too often innovation is considered solely in the context of technical development. A far more complicated series of actions is required to transform an inventions or scientific discovery into a product or process which provides value, in other words, something innovative.
A key requirement for successful innovation is the legitimacy of the activity. Without legitimacy, policy and funding support is likely to remain poor and market demand will fail to materialise.
In this presentation we’ll look at the current bio-based product market and ask if its proponents are doing enough to convince stakeholders of its legitimacy.
Anaerobic Digestion deployment in the United KingdomNNFCC
NNFCC publishes a definitive annual report on Anaerobic Digestion Deployment in the UK. The report provides a comprehensive regional breakdown of sector development in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the 10 regions of England, giving detailed information on feedstock requirements, installed capacity and output type.
A recent history of industrial biotechnology, bioenergy and bioeconomy in the ukNNFCC
Over the last 10 years the UK has been developing its Industrial Biotechnology Strategy and investing in the infrastructure, such as open access pilot plants, to support innovation. In recent years UK strategy has started to move towards the development of it bioeconomy.
UK policy overview, Building a high value Bioeconomy, Opportunities from wasteNNFCC
This presentation was given at a Scottish Industrial Biotechnology Working Group meeting on the 28th April 2015.
It reviews the UK Government policy paper con Building a high value Bioeconomy, Opportunities from waste
This paper on Anaerobic Digestion Deployment was presented to the Renewable Energy Association Biogas Group on 1st December 2014. It presents analysis from NNFCC’s AD Deployment report, illustrating recent trends, current status and future expectations of the AD industry in the UK. The analysis details the number and capacity of plants, by region, scale and type. Currently there are 157 operational plants and 415 plants in the development pipeline, all of which are included in this analysis.
The UK development of industrial biotechnology and bioenergy in the context o...NNFCC
This presentation was given on the 27th November 2014 at a BBSRC Grant Holders meeting held at Warwick University. It introduces the value of the bioeconomy and how the UK is developing its industrial biotechnology sector.
'Developing the Biobased Economy' presentation given at the 25th Anniversary ...NNFCC
This presentation on 'Developing the Biobased Economy' was given on the 16th September at the 25th Anniversary of the Biocomposites Centre at Bangor University. The talk discusses the UK IB Catalyst Funding programme, Interreg IVB sponsored Bio Base NWE project, Industrial Biotechnology Networks in the UK and the identification of bioeconomy policy interventions through the Climate KIC project BioHorizons.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in District Ban...Open Access Research Paper
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular zoonotic protozoan parasite, infect both humans and animals population worldwide. It can also cause abortion and inborn disease in humans and livestock population. In the present study total of 313 domestic animals were screened for Toxoplasma gondii infection. Of which 45 cows, 55 buffalos, 68 goats, 60 sheep and 85 shaver chicken were tested. Among these 40 (88.88%) cows were negative and 05 (11.12%) were positive. Similarly 55 (92.72%) buffalos were negative and 04 (07.28%) were positive. In goats 68 (98.52%) were negative and 01 (01.48%) was recorded positive. In sheep and shaver chicken the infection were not recorded.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Nnfcc market review feedstocks issue twentyfive april 2014
1. Welcome to the April 2014 issue of our feedstocks market
review! Each month we review the latest news from across the
feedstocks market. This service is exclusively for NNFCC
members.
Contents
Land use & Sustainability........................3
Market.............................................................4
Research & Development .......................6
Wood & Crop...............................................7
Residues & Wastes ..................................10
Events ............................................................11
Feedstock Prices........................................13
Issue Twenty Five
April 2014
Issue Twenty Five
April 2014
NNFCC Market Review | Feedstocks
2. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 2 of 14
Foreword
Welcome to the April 2014 issue of our Feedstocks market review!
This month’s news is full of solid biofuels success stories. The wood pellet
production industry in the US is growing at an unprecedented rate. The US
industry is planning a pelleting capacity expansion of 25%, to its current 13
million metric tonnes capacity. Major developers are typically existing
players like Fram Renewable Fuel LLC, Enviva LP, German Pellets GmbH,
Zilkha Biomass Energy, and Drax Biomass. According to a new report from
Pöyry management-consulting, the current global market volume for
biomass pellets is around 16 million metric tons and is projected increase
to 46 million by 2020.
Underpinning the soaring market expansion of solid biofuels, tools and
mechanisms to satisfy sustainability criteria and quality assurance are
gradually being set in place.
According to the new IPCC report, to attain climate change resilience in a
growing bioeconomy world, development has to be delivered taking
consideration of environmental and social sustainability. A key imperative
to this is setting up of ambitious goals and taking measures to secure
sustainability during transition from an oil to a bio-based economy.
In support of this ambition, a new wood fuel report from industrial
stakeholders in the UK identified that wood pellets supplied through a high
quality supply chain significantly exceed DECC’s requirement for 60%
reduction in GHG’s.
The International Organization for Standardisation (ISO) is developing a
new fuel standard for solid thermally-treated biomass. The new standard
designated ISO 17225-8 will define the fuel quality classes and
specifications of graded and densified solid biofuels produced from
thermally treated biomass (torrefaction).
Read on for the latest market news.
3. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 3 of 14
Land use &
Sustainability
Industry research into sustainability of
UK pellets
Renewable energy from wood fuel has major
potential as a sustainable and efficient way to
produce heat which can be used to warm homes
and businesses, provide hot water and drive
industrial processes. However, the benefits
accrued from utilising wood fuel for this purpose
depend on the sustainability of the source and
emissions accruing from land-use production,
harvesting, transportation and conversion.
An industry-funded briefing "Delivering the UK’s
renewable heat objectives through wood fuel" sets
out the position of some of the UK’s leading pellet
manufacturers, distributors and suppliers of wood
pellet boilers for heating on the issue of
sustainability. It provides data obtained from
current production and distribution within the UK
wood pellet industry and emissions of CO₂ from
every stage of the supply chain are analysed.
The authors have sought to illustrate the journey
and emissions from supplying biomass pellets
typically available in the UK, to provide insight
into a real journey from forest to radiator. The
results show that wood pellets supplied through a
high quality supply chain significantly exceed
DECC’s requirement for 60% reduction in GHG’s.
Click here for more information.
RSB launches simplified certification
process for Bonsucro certified entities
The Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB)
is pleased to announce that Bonsucro certified
operators will now be able to access RSB
certification through a simplified audit process to
demonstrate compliance, therefore saving costs
and time.
A released RSB study concludes that RSB and
Bonsucro sustainability standards have significant
overlap on most of their requirements. Supported
by the ISEAL Alliance, the comparison reveals that
Bonsucro certified sugarcane could be de facto
considered compliant with most of the RSB's
twelve Principles and Criteria. RSB has additional
requirements for Rural and Social Development
and Food Security.
This collaboration between RSB and Bonsucro will
enhance the development of advanced
biomaterial pathways by increasing the supply of
sustainable sugar products and ethanol material
to biofuel and bioenergy producers.
4. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 4 of 14
Click here for more information.
Market
New standard in development for
thermally treated biomass pellets
The American Society of Agricultural and
Biological Engineers has announced that the
international community has approved a new
International Organization for Standardization
project to develop a standard for thermally
treated and densified biomass fuels.
The document, designated ISO 17225-8 will define
the fuel quality classes and specifications of
graded, densified, solid biofuels produced from
thermally treated biomass. It will cover pellets and
briquettes from various raw materials and will
apply to fuels intended for either industrial or
non-industrial use. This project is currently at the
working draft (WD) stage.
ASABE is accredited by the American National
Standards Institute as the administrator for the
U.S. technical advisory group to the ISO
committee on solid biofuels, TC 238, which was
established in response to growing global trade in
the subject commodities.
Click here for more information.
Global Pellet Demand Rises
Source: CanadianBiomassMag
In the next eight years, significant growth is
predicted in wood fuel pellet markets worldwide.
Europe will continue as the largest source of
demand, with markets also emerging in Asia.
Growth in production will continue in North
America, but new production is being established
in nearly all wood fibre baskets worldwide.
In addition, pellets produced from agricultural
products and through innovative processes such
as torrefaction may also emerge to some degree.
The fact is that no region or technology remains
the obvious leader for prudent investment
decisions. With growth nearly tripling by 2020,
each region and technology has its own unique
pros and cons.
The current global market volume of biomass
pellets of around 16 million metric tons annually
(mt/a) is projected by Pöyry to increase to 46
million mt/a by 2020, representing a total market
value of up to $8 billion U.S. The adoption of
biomass fuel pellets is largely driven by policy and
financial incentives in much of the world, and this
will continue to be the case. However, this reliance
on traditionally unpredictable policy incentives
adds a level of uncertainty. Increasing influence
from fossil fuel prices will also play a larger role in
the future.
Click here for more information.
5. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 5 of 14
A giant step for pellet production
As Fram completes each of five production lines, the
Port of Brunswick stands ready with a recently
deepened shipping channel that allows larger bulk
vessels to berth and accommodate the port;
Source: BiomassMag
More than 4 million metric tons of new wood
pellet production capacity are currently under
construction throughout North America, over 3
million tons of which are scheduled to come on
line this year, and 600,000 tons in spring 2014.
Such capacity growth is unprecedented in the
North American pellet industry, which is
comprised of some 160 facilities, with a total
installed capacity of around 13 million metric tons.
Not only will the capacity added this year grow
the industry’s output by nearly 25 percent in just
one year, but facilities scheduled to come on line
in 2015 will bring the two-year expansion closer to
33 percent.
Growth in the pellet sector is largely coming from
the construction of a much smaller fleet of
supersized plants. Whereas the average installed
capacity in the pellet industry’s existing 159
operational plants is under 80,000 tons per year,
the planned capacity at the production facilities
scheduled to come on line in the next two years is
350,000-plus metric tons per year.
Click here for more information.
Tightening in US domestic pellet
supply after cold winter
US Pellet retailers and consumers in some
Northeast and Midwest locations have learned a
lesson this heating season, as many have run out
of pellets and are facing difficulties securing
additional supplies.
The general consensus amongst pellet producers
on what, exactly, that lesson should be is that
ordering or buying pellets too late in the season
leads to inaccurate demand estimates.
Cory Schrock, plant manager of White Pigeon,
Michigan-based Fiber By-Products, said:
“Most producers aren’t operating at full capacity,
but that’s because they aim to supply what the
market demands.”
“Producers have an average operating capacity of
50 to 60 percent, because that is all the market
requests of us. Couple that with one of the coldest
and hardest winters on record so consumer usage
is up, and skyrocketing propane prices, and
consumers have turned to wood pellets.”
Click here for more information.
Novozymes launches LpHera, an
enzyme to make starch conversion
more efficient
Novozymes headquarters; Source: IlBioeconomista
6. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 6 of 14
Novozymes – the Danish biotech company which
is world leader in industrial enzymes - announced
yesterday the launch of a new enzyme solution
(LpHera) that helps make starch conversion more
efficient. The starch industry is one of the longest-
standing markets for enzymes, and within the
food industry helps to produce a wide range of
sweeteners and ingredients used in products
ranging from soft drinks to sauces.
Thomas Nilsson, Global Launch Manager for food
at Novozymes says:
“Customers have been asking for new ways to
make starch conversion more efficient. LpHera
simplifies the process and offers significant
savings to starch processors.”
“Through boosting yields, cutting chemical usage
in half and facilitating water and energy savings,
LpHera saves a starch processor up to 1 USD per
metric ton of substrate. Starch plants vary in size
and can process from 0.2 to over 1 million ton of
substrate each year. So if a plant process 0.5
million ton of substrate, they can so save up to 0.5
million dollars per year compared to today’s
technology.”
Click here for more information.
Research &
Development
Ensiling as biological pretreatment of
grass (Festulolium Hykor): The effect
of composition, dry matter, and
inocula on cellulose convertibility
Total organic acids vs.DM, for four cuts; Source: Elsevier
Grass biomass is a prospective type of
lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy and fuel
production, but the low dry matter in grass at
harvest calls for new pretreatment strategies for
cellulosic conversion. In this published peer-
reviewed article from Denmark, ensiling was
tested as a biological pretreatment method of the
high yielding grass variety Festulolium Hykor.
The biomass was harvested in four cuts over a
growing season. Three important factors of
ensiling: biomass composition, dry matter (DM) at
ensiling, and inoculation of lactic acid bacteria,
were assessed in relation to subsequent enzymatic
cellulose hydrolysis. The organic acid profile after
ensiling was dependant on the composition of the
grass and the DM, rather than on the inocula.
High levels of organic acids, notably lactic acid,
produced during ensiling improved enzymatic
cellulose convertibility in the grass biomass.
Ensiling of less mature grass gave higher
convertibility.
Low DM at ensiling (<25%) resulted in the highest
cellulose convertibilities, which ranged from 32 to
70% of the available cellulose in the four cuts after
ensiling. The study confirms that ensiling can
enhance cellulose convertibility of green biomass,
and provides new insight to ensiling as a
biological pretreatment method for green
biomass conversion.
7. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 7 of 14
Click here for more information.
Wood & Crop
Forth Energy pulls out of Scottish
biomass projects
The planned biomass plant in Dundee had attracted
controversy; Source: BBC
Forth Energy said it was not continuing with
renewable energy projects in Grangemouth and
Rosyth and was seeking new backers for the
schemes. The plans for a plant in Dundee have
also been withdrawn altogether.
The news came after key backer Scottish and
Southern Energy (SSE) announced it was pulling
back from renewable energy projects.
Forth Energy, a joint venture between Perth-based
energy giant SSE and Forth Ports, had won
consent from the Scottish government for the
wood-burning biomass plants in Grangemouth
and Rosyth. However, the Dundee proposal, which
carried a similar price tag, had been held up by a
government inquiry after plans were rejected by
the local city council.
Click here for more information.
UK power generator Drax aims to hit
50% biomass output by 2016
Drax produced almost 3 TWh of electricity from
biomass in 2013 and aims to increase this to half
of all its electricity output by 2016, the 4 GW coal-
fired generator said Tuesday in an annual results
statement.
The company produced a total of 26.2 TWh in
2013, down from 27.1 TWh in 2012. Availability in
its coal-fired generation operation fell to 84%
from 86%, while availability in its biomass
operation reached 88%.
Good progress was reported on optimization of
Drax' first converted biomass unit, which the
generator expects to achieve output of 630-MW,
with efficiency "only 0.5% less than coal," it said--
considerably better than expected.
"Our overall target is to achieve a capacity of 645-
MW using standard woody biomass," it said. "We
have already demonstrated that we can achieve
this higher output under special conditions when
using particularly high calorific sustainable wood
pellets."
Click here for more information.
Laundry liquid set to be the first of a
range of products to use algal oil, in a
move designed to reduce demand for
controversial palm oil
Source: Ecover
8. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 8 of 14
Ecover has developed the first laundry liquid in
the world to use oil sourced from algae as an
alternative to palm oil, demand for which has
widely blamed for rainforest clearances and the
loss of crucial habitats.
The liquid, set to be available from August, is to
be the first of a range of products that Ecover says
will help reduce dependence on palm and palm
kernel oil by replacing it with innovative new
natural oils produced from algae.
The company has already replaced palm oil
surfactants in its cleaning range with European-
sourced rapeseed alternatives and uses 100 per
cent sustainably certified palm oil in those
products where palm oil is still used.
However, even sustainably certified palm oil has
been criticised by some environmental groups,
who claim that palm oil plantations around the
world are continuing to indirectly drive
deforestation, leading to increased greenhouse
has emissions and habitat loss.
Ecover said that using algal oil instead of palm oil
safeguards biodiversity and, because it can be
produced locally, results in lower CO2 emissions
and improved supply chain transparency.
Click here for more information.
Valensa supplier launches major
expansion of natural astaxanthin
biomass capacity
A covered greenhouse facility with runways for
cultivation of microalgae; Source: Contract Biotics
Valensa International and Contract Biotics have
announced that Contract Biotics has started
construction of an additional six acres of algae
production units at the company's San Diego
County facility.
Slated to come on-line in the fall of this year, the
expansion will more than triple Contract Biotics'
current biomass production and thus play a crucial
role in helping Valensa meet the market demand
for its line of formulated, condition-specific
Astaxanthin-based products.
Contract Biotics is a U.S. based wholesale
producer of a wide variety of high quality algae
biomass. The California facility is unique because it
employs a hybrid greenhouse technology to
protect the production ponds from outside
contamination unlike other producers who
employ "open" ponds. The use of U.S.-sourced
biomass combined with its Florida-based organic
certified extraction facilities makes Valensa the
only "Made in America" Astaxanthin supplier on
the market today.
As one of the most powerful known fat-soluble
antioxidants, Astaxanthin has long been
recognized for its ability to protect against cell
damage caused by oxidative stress.
Click here for more information.
Solvay launches production of
torrefied biomass, a new solution that
contributes to energy transition
Solvay has launched the production of torrefied
biomass at an industrial scale in the United States,
creating a new business that aims to provide an
9. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 9 of 14
innovative and renewable energy solution. This
business will be run by the recently created Solvay
Biomass Energy joint venture between Solvay and
U.S. company New Biomass Energy (NBE).
Torrefied biomass is produced in Quitman,
Mississippi at a plant that was built and developed
by NBE. Solvay will provide its industrial expertise
to more than triple annual production capacity to
250,000 tons by the end of 2014 from 80,000 tons
currently. Solvay Biomass Energy will use by-
products, such as sawmill residues, from the highly
developed timber industry in the area’s managed
forests.
Solvay Biomass Energy, majority-owned by
Solvay’s business unit Solvay Energy Services, is in
charge of the plant’s operations and maintenance,
feedstock sourcing, logistics and technology as
well as of the product’s marketing mainly to
energy producers in Europe and Asia.
Click here for more information.
Vega Biofuels enters joint venture to
build torrefaction facility
Source: BiomassMag
Vega Biofuels Inc. recently announced it has
entered into a joint venture agreement to build
and operate a pilot torrefaction facility in South
Carolina that will manufacture the company's bio-
coal and biochar products.
Vega Biofuels and its partners, including Agri-Tech
Producers LLC, are building the state of the art
facility in Allendale, S.C. The new joint venture
entity will operate under the name ATP-SC LLC
and will produce various torrefied products. The
joint venture partners plan to build additional
plants around the world and the Allendale pilot
plant will be a model for those plants.
Columbia, S.C.-based ATP is in the business of
manufacturing and selling cost-effective
torrefaction equipment to be used to manufacture
torrefied materials and solid fuel. ATP has licensed
and commercialized the innovative torrefaction
technology originally developed by North Carolina
State University.
Click here for more information.
Scale test of Giant King Grass grinding
equipment for Nicaragua Power Plant
VIASPACE has conducted a full production scale
test of Giant King Grass grinding equipment in
Portland, Oregon. 6,000 pounds of 18 foot tall
Giant King Grass stalks were cut and shredded in a
few minutes in a test of a candidate grinder for
the power plant being developed in Nicaragua.
VIASPACE CEO Dr. Carl Kukkonen reported:
"An electrically powered grinder is lower cost and
has lower maintenance than a diesel powered
grinder. We plan to install the grinder in our fuel
processing and short-term storage facility just
outside the power plant. Since it is a stationary
and large machine, the only way to test it was to
bring the Giant King Grass to the grinder. That is
what we did. Our production needs are 36 tons
per hour, 24 hours per day, and 365 days per
year."
Click here for more information.
10. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 10 of 14
Residues &
Wastes
Waste-based biofuels sector needs
smarter EU 2030 package to realize its
high potential
Report cover; Source: EuropeanClimate
UPM participated together with a coalition of
technology innovators and green NGOs in a
project for which results have recently been
published. Europe has a significant untapped
potential for converting wastes from farming,
forestry, industry and households to advanced
low-carbon biofuels, but only if it sets a strong
sustainability framework and ambitious
decarbonisation targets for transport fuels in
2030, finds a new report entitled “Wasted:
Europe’s Untapped Resource.”
The project found that if all sustainable waste
from farms, forests, households and industry were
used for transport fuels, there could be sufficient
fuel to displace about 37 million tonnes of oil
annually by 2030. To put this in context, this
technical potential would be equal to 16 per cent
of road transport fuel demand in 2030.
David Turley of NNFCC, who led the economic
analysis, said: “Our analysis indicates that once
deployed at scale, advanced biofuels from
agricultural and forest residue feedstocks would
require little or only a modest additional incentive
to stimulate production at prices comparable to
that of current crop-fuelled technologies.”
Click here for more information.
Veolia proposes 20MWth EfW CHP
plant in Hertfordshire UK
Veolia, the UK’s leading waste management
company, already operate two important CHP
facilities in Sheffield and in London and its
proposed facility in Hertfordshire, which is
awaiting planning approval, could provide a
further 20MWth of heat – enough for 60,000 MWh
per year to heat the equivalent of 4,000 local
homes.
If approved, the proposed Recycling and Energy
Recovery Facility (RERF) in Hertfordshire will
generate sufficient power to the National Grid
through the energy recovery process to power
around 50,000 Hertfordshire homes and save the
local authority around £667 million, but while it is
delayed those savings are being lost, waste
continues to be sent to disposal or recovery
facilities outside the county and we are unable to
use the waste as a source to heat local homes.
Click here for more information.
French biomass group Albioma to open
more biogas plants
Source: Albioma
11. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 11 of 14
The company specialises in generating electricity
from sugarcane waste in France's overseas
territories. It has opened two biogas plants in the
region around Poitiers in 2013 and plans to open
three or four more this year, of which one will
inject purefied methane into the French gas
network.
Albioma has a pipeline of 22 methanisation plants,
in which it will invest about 200 million euros in
coming years. The plants will use manure,
agriculture waste and slaughterhouse waste and
will be built in France's western and northwestern
agricultural regions. The first two plants have
capacities of 2 and 0.5 megawatt respectively.
Click here for more information.
The year is here for cellulosic ethanol
industry
T
Abengoa went the extra mile to ensure area farmers
know how to avoid overharvesting corn stover, the
feedstock for its Hugoton cellulosic ethanol plant in US.
Source: BiomassMag
Those in the cellulosic ethanol industry know “five
more years down the road” as a phrase that’s
been associated with commercial-scale cellulosic
ethanol production for a very long time. With the
close of 2013, it’s safe to say that timeline is no
longer relevant, as the time has finally come.
In the advanced biofuels arena, no cellulosic
ethanol projects have been watched more closely
than those being built by Poet-DSM Advanced
Biofuels, Abengoa Bioenergy and DuPont
Industrial Biosciences. Together, these three
cellulosic ethanol plants rise from the plains and
fields, acting as beacons to the advanced biofuel
industry that is just pulling its ship to shore.
One of the most daunting tasks in bringing a
cellulosic facility on line might not be so much the
technology and equipment challenges, but the
procurement of feedstock.
Christopher Standlee, executive vice president at
Abengoa Bioenergy says:
“We’ve built numerous ethanol plants of our own
and we know what the construction process is
like.” “We know our technology works, we’re
comfortable with our ability to handle the product
once it’s there, but one of the biggest challenges
is the massive amounts of feedstocks that you
have to deal with.”
Click here for more information.
Events
LCA Workshops on 29-30 April in York,
UK
Following the success of our
previous Life Cycle Assessment
(LCA) workshops, NNFCC and
North Energy bring you two new training
workshops providing you with insight into how
LCA's work and their applications. The workshops
take place over two days;
12. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 12 of 14
Day 1: 29 April 2014. Introduction to LCA
Workshop
Day 2: 30 April 2014. Advanced LCA
Workshop.
Seaweed for Biofuel on 21 May in
Oban, Scotland
Seaweed for Biofuel is organised by the Algal
Bioenergy Special Interest Group and Innovation
Norway and is aimed at enhancing collaboration
and addressing supply chain challenges around
developing a sustainable and robust algal biofuel
network.
World Waste to Energy City Summit
2014 on 21-22 May in London, UK
Registration is now open for the third annual
World Waste to Energy City Summit, taking place
in London in May 21-22, 2014, will once again
bring together the leading players in the
advanced waste to energy sector with the most
active funders in the market for two days of
interactive debate and networking.
20% delegate discount off registration for
NNFCC members.
Oleofuels 2014 on 11-12 Jun in
Dusseldorf, Germany
The change of name reflects the fact that the
event will now cover all fuels made from oils &
fats including biodiesel, HVO & bio jet as well as
take a more global view, which is key especially
when it comes to certain feedstocks.
The two-day conference will bring together the
leading executives and experts from across the
entire value chain for two days of informative
presentations, interactive discussion & excellent
networking opportunities.
2nd International Conference on Algal
Biorefinery on 27-29 Aug in
Copenhagen, Denmark
This international conference aims to share
research experience on aquatic biomass resources,
both micro-, and macroalgae as a potential source
of food, feed, biochemical, biofuels and
biofertlizers.
The Bioenergy from Forest Conference
on 15-18 Sep in Helsinki, Finland
The Conference will focus on the factors affecting
the future of bioenergy and biobased modern
technologies and business solutions, including
logistic systems, management, total procurement
chains, the effects of the energy markets, the
influence of green marketing and other trends
13. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 13 of 14
affecting forestry, agriculture, industry and
climate.
Biofuels International Conference 2014
on 24-25 Sep in Ghent, Belgium
The conferences will focus on the latest
developments in biofuels policy, international
biofuels trading, sustainability, solutions for first
generation producers, progress in advanced
biofuels and information on feedstock pricing and
trends
Feedstock Prices
UK spot prices of wood pellets, and wheat and barley straw, as recorded on April
10th. Arrows indicate rise ↑, unchanged – or fall ↓ from previous month.
Date
UK Wood Pellets Delivered
(£/tonne, 5% VAT)
UK Ex-Farm Barley Straw
(D1000)
(£/tonne)
UK Ex-Farm Wheat Straw
(D1000)
(£/tonne)
April 10 235.00-285.12 (↓-–) 50.00-75.00 (– -–) 40.00-65.00 (–-–)
For wood pellets prices we considered UK pellet traders selling prices.
For details on straw spot prices, see www.fwi.co.uk
14. NNFCC Market Review, April 2014, Page 14 of 14
UK (LIFFE), French (MATIF) and US (CBOT) future prices for wheat, rapeseed, maize,
and soybean, as recorded on April 10th
. Arrows indicate rise ↑, unchanged – or fall ↓
from previous month’s predictions.
Date
LIFFE Wheat
(£/tonne)
MATIF
Wheat
(€/tonne)
MATIF
Rapeseed
(€/tonne)
CBOT Wheat
(cnts/bsh)
CBOT Maize
(cnts/bsh)
CBOT
Soybean
(cnts/bsh)
May 14 165.00 (↑) 208.25 (↓) 414.50 (↑) 669.00 (↑) 502.25 (↑) 1495.25 (↑)
Jul 14 168.15 (↑) - - 677.25 (↑) 508.00 (↑) 1478.00
Aug 14 - - 374.00 (↑) - - 1394.75 (↑)
Sep 14 - - - 687.00 (↑) 506.75 (↑) 1296.00 (↑)
Nov 14 155.50 (↓) 200.25 (↑) 374.25 (↑) - - 1227.50 (↑)
Dec 14 - - - 700.25 (↑) 505.50 (↑) -
Jan 15 159.15 (↑) 200.50 (↑) - - - 1232.50
Feb 15 - - 373.50 (↓) - - -
Mar 15 160.50 (↑) 200.50 (↑) - 712.75 (↑) 512.75 (↑) -
May 15 160.65 (↓) 200.25 (↑) 373.00 720.00 512.25 -
Jul 15 157.90 (↓) - - - - -
Aug 15 - - 367.00 - - -
For details on future prices see http://www.hgca.com
Other biomass feedstock prices are available upon request, simply contact enquiries@nnfcc.co.uk
Credits and Disclaimer
NNFCC Market Review is edited by Dr Efthalia Arvaniti for NNFCC members. Feedback is welcome. The
Review has been compiled in good faith and NNFCC does not accept responsibility for any inaccuracies or
the products or services shown.
NNFCC
The Bioeconomy Consultants
NNFCC, Biocentre, Phone: +44 (0)1904 435182
York Science Park, Fax: +44 (0)1904 435345
Innovation Way, E: enquiries@nnfcc.co.uk
Heslington, York, Web: www.nnfcc.co.uk
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