Nigeria was able to successfully control its Ebola outbreak through the following actions: 1) It tracked all confirmed Ebola cases and their contacts, placing many under surveillance and monitoring their health. 2) Those who were infected but recovered were isolated in treatment centers and cared for until they were disease free. 3) Officials provided frequent status updates to the public on the number of cases, deaths, recoveries, and those under monitoring to combat the spread of misinformation. 4) Through meticulous tracking and isolation efforts, Nigeria was ultimately able to contain the outbreak from spreading further within its borders.

1. How Nigeria Handled the
Ebola Crisis.
Dr. Jíwit Manuel Concepción Concepción.
Xemide Director.

2. Introduction
• Since the begining of Ebola Break out many information surrounded the web.
• Many of this information we thought it was misguided because was focusing in the last breed of Ebola.
• We presently do not know if it could be an airborne desease or not, or if it has mutated from previous forms.
• What we are certain is that the letal rate is over 90%.
• Have we understimated Ebola in Europe, is it necessary a militar or a joint public health and emergency
systems reponse???
• We have many doubts, i hope following the one certain country that has controlled the disease NIGERIA
could guide correct process on handling this outbreak before it goes pandemic…

3. Information history at the
begining of the break out.

4. Confirmed Cases Still 10, 4 Now Dead, No Ebola in
Enugu, all Cases Confined to Lagos
• Nigeria has now recorded ten (10) confirmed cases of Ebola Virus
Disease (EVD). Out of these, four (4) have died and six (6) are
currently under treatment. (It is important to note that the number of
confirmed cases remains ten (10) as at today and not eleven (11) as
earlier announced this morning. We regret the error which arose
from double counting in the process of communicating the additional
death from the operational centre in Lagos to the Federal Ministry of
Health). The fourth death recorded today was a Nigerian nurse who
participated in the initial management of the index case.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-
uncategorised/187-confirmed-cases-still-10-4-now-dead-no-ebola-in-enugu-all-
cases-confined-to-lagos

5. Four Additional Ebola Patients Discharged
Home
• The Minister of Health Prof. Onyebuchi Chukwu has announced that
four additional confirmed cases of Ebola Virus Disease who have been
managed successfully and are now disease free have been discharged
home today. It includes two male medical doctors and one female
nurse. The three participated in the treatment of the index case while
the fourth person was a female patient at the time the index was on
admission. This brings to five the total number of patients diagnosed
with Ebola Virus Disease who have now been discharged from
hospital.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-
uncategorised/188-four-additional-ebola-patients-discharged-home

6. 5th death of Ebola Virus Disease
PRESS STATEMENT 19th August 2014
• The Honourable Minister of Health, Prof. Onyebuchi Chukwu regrets
to announce the death, this evening, of one of the primary contacts
of the index Ebola Virus Disease case, the most senior doctor who
participated in the management of the patient, a female consultant
physician. With this unfortunate development the total number of
Ebola Virus related deaths in Nigeria now stands at five. The other
two patients currently under treatment in the isolation wards are
stable and are being taken care of.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-
uncategorised/189-5th-death-of-ebola-virus-disease

7. STATUS UPDATE: No New Confirmed Case of
Ebola Virus Disease in Nigeria
• The Honourable Minister of Health Prof. Onyebuchi Chukwu wishes to
reiterate that at present, Nigeria has only two confirmed cases of Ebola
Virus Disease.
• This clarification follows media reports of five new cases in Lagos State.
This report should be disregarded.
• The minister reiterates that any doubtful information on the outbreak of
Ebola Virus Disease in Nigeria should be verified from the Office of the
Honourable Minister of Health who has the sole authority to announce
confirmed cases as far as disease epidemics in Nigeria are concerned.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-
uncategorised/190-status-update-no-new-confirmed-case-of-ebola-virus-disease-in-nigeria

8. Status Update on Ebola Virus Disease in
Nigeria as at 22nd August 2014
• Nigeria has now recorded the first two (2) cases of Ebola Virus Disease in
secondary contacts of the index case, the Liberian-American.
• The two patients are spouses of primary contacts of the Liberian-
American. They are among the secondary contacts who have been under
surveillance.
• This now brings to four (4) the total number of Ebola Virus Disease
patients currently under treatment at the isolation ward.
• This also means that the total number of cases of Ebola Virus Disease so
far reported in the country is fourteen (14). The number of deaths still
remains five (5), while the number of those successfully managed and
discharged also stands at five (5).
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-
uncategorised/191-status-update-on-ebola-virus-disease-in-nigeria-as-at-22nd-august-
2014

9. Minister of Health releases updated EVD status of
Nigeria, gives details of FG's containment efforts
• FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA STATEMENT OF THE HONOURABLE MINISTER OF
HEALTH, PROFESSOR C.O. ONYEBUCHI CHUKWU AT THE 2ND EMERGENCY
NATIONAL COUNCIL ON HEALTH MEETING ON EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE OUTBREAK
IN NIGERIA AT THE BACELONA HOTEL, WUSE II, ABUJA 1ST SEPTEMBER, 2014
• Protocol.
• I welcome all members of the National Council on Health to our 2nd Emergency
meeting on Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), which although we are making significant
progress in curtailing its spread, still remains a National Health Emergency and an
International Public Health Emergency by the World Health Organisation (WHO).
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-
uncategorised/193-minister-of-health-releases-updated-evd-status-of-nigeria-gives-
details-of-fg-s-containment-efforts

10. Updated Summary of EVD Status of Nigeria,
by Minister of Health as at Sept. 1 2014
• Minister of Health Prof. Onyebuchi Chukwu makes correction/clarification in his opening speech at the Emergency National
Council on Health Meeting at the Barcelona Hotel, Abuja, today
•
• · Total number of confirmed EVD cases in Nigeria = 17 ( including the index case).
• · Total number managed in Lagos= 14.
• · Number successfully managed in Lagos and discharged= 7
• · Number of deaths in Lagos = 5
• · Number presently on treatment in isolation in Lagos = 2
• · Number of death in Port Harcourt (did not benefit from standard management) = 1( a doctor who treated a secondary
contact of Sawyer's)
• · Number of patients under treatment in PH = 1
• · Number of patient that was 'treated' in PH (no stand treatment) and fully recovered = 1
• Total number of survivors in Nigeria(as of today) =11;
• · Total number of deaths in Nigeria (as of today) = 6.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-uncategorised/194-updated-summary-of-evd-status-of-nigeria-
by-minister-of-health-as-at-sept-1-2014

11. Status of Ebola Virus Disease in Nigeria Monday,
8th September, 2014
• PRESS BRIEFING BY THE MINISTER OF HEALTH, PROF. C. O. ONYEBUCHI CHUKWU
• STATUS OF EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE IN NIGERIA
• MONDAY, 8TH SEPTEMBER, 2014
•
• It has been 50 days since Ebola Virus Disease was imported into Nigeria through Lagos, and 38 days since it
was introduced into Port Harcourt.
• So far, all the cases that have been confirmed in Nigeria are traceable to the index case, the Liberian-
American, Mr. Patrick Sawyer.
• As of this morning the total number of confirmed cases of EVD in Nigeria is nineteen (19), fifteen (15) in
Lagos, four (4) in Port Harcourt.
• The 19th case is the fiancé of one of the primary contacts of Mr. Sawyer’s who died of the disease. The test
results were equivocal but further tests established the disease. He had only mild symptoms and he has
since recovered from the illness. He was quarantined but because of the equivocal test result he was not
placed on active treatment.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-uncategorised/197-status-of-ebola-virus-disease-in-nigeria-
monday-8th-september-2014

12. Update on status of Ebola Virus Disease in
Nigeria Wednesday, 17th September 2014
• For one week now, there has not been a single case of Ebola Virus Disease in Nigeria. The
total number of confirmed EVD cases recorded in Nigeria remains 19, with 7 deaths. The
South African woman who was taken from the Murtala Muhammed International Airport
in Lagos and quarantined on suspicion of EVD tested negative for EVD and other viral
haemorrhagic fevers and has since been discharged from quarantine and has left the
country. Also, a suspected case reported by NLNG tested negative for EVD.
• A number of contacts are still under surveillance in Nigeria, 4 in Lagos State and 344 in
Rivers State. So far, 347 contacts have been discharged from surveillance in Lagos State
while 182 contacts have been discharged from surveillance in Rivers State.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/index.php/news-media/press-releases/9-uncategorised/198-
update-on-status-of-ebola-virus-disease-in-nigeria-wednesday-17th-september-2014

13. Preventive public information
• IEC Materials
• Prevention
• What is Ebola Virus Disease?
• How is Ebola Virus Disease spread?
• What is Viral Haemorrhagic Fever (VHF)s?

14. IEC MATERIALs

15. Prevention
HOW CAN THE PUBLIC PREVENT THE SPREAD OF
EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE WITHIN THE COMMUNITY?
• Ebola Virus Disease is an infectious disease affecting humans and
animals such as monkeys, gorillas, Chimpanzees, bats, antelopes, etc.
Ebola virus disease is transmitted to a person when he/she comes in
contact with the blood or secretions of an infected animal or human
(dead or alive).
• Ebola Virus Disease is a virulent killer, there are no specific treatments
or vaccine for Ebola virus disease and it occurs in sporadic outbreak. It
takes between 2 to 21 days after exposure to the virus for someone
to feel sick and show the signs and symptoms of Ebola Virus Disease.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/ebolainfo/index.php/prevention

16. What is Ebola Virus Disease?
• Where is Ebola Virus Disease found?
• Though the natural habitat of the Ebola virus is unknown, Ebola virus is normally found in an animal host that is native to the African continent.
Where do cases of Ebola Virus Disease occur?
• Outbreaks of Ebola VD have been mainly restricted to Africa. Confirmed cases of Ebola VD have been reported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Sudan, the Ivory
Coast, Uganda and the Republic of the Congo. Ebola VD is usually spread within a health care setting. However, sporadic isolated cases may occur unnoticed.
How is Ebola Virus Disease spread?
• The manner in which the Ebola virus first appears in a human at the start of an outbreak has not been determined. However, Ebola VD could be spread through the following:
• 1. Direct contact with an infected animal or human;
• 2. Direct contact with the blood and or secretions of an infected person especially within families;
• 3. Contact with contaminated medical equipment such as needles;
• 4. Reuse of unsterilized needles in hospital;
• 5. Eating or handling of the carcass of infected animals;
• 6. Inhalation of contaminated air in hospital environment;
• 7. Use of infected non human primate/bats as food source;
• 8. Non implementation of universal precautions.
• http://www.health.gov.ng/ebolainfo/index.php/2-uncategorised/4-a-article

17. How is Ebola Virus Disease spread?
These animals and many more . . . .
The manner in which the Ebola virus first appears in a human at the start of an outbreak has not been
determined. However, Ebola VD could be spread through the following:
1. Direct contact with an infected animal or human;
2. Direct contact with the blood and or secretions of an infected person especially within families;
3. Contact with contaminated medical equipment such as needles;
4. Reuse of unsterilized needles in hospital;
5. Eating or handling of the carcass of infected animals;
6. Inhalation of contaminated air in hospital environment;
7. Use of infected non human primate/bats as food source;
8. Non implementation of universal precautions.

18. What is Viral Haemorrhagic Fever (VHF)s?
• Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers (VHFs) refer to a group of illnesses that are
caused by viruses that cause haemorrhage. These diseases which are
severe and life threatening include Lassa fever, Ebola virus disease,
Dengue haemorrhagic fever, Marburg, Yellow fever among others.

19. Conclussion
• As we said before the most accurate guide to control Ebola right now is the methods Nigeria Health
Department is undertaking.
• I have not read in any other Europe or USA American publication of airborne Ebola, But Nigeria does not rule
out an airborne posibility.
• We believe that a strong country fast response and correct and proper information could lead to proper
handle of the pandemic.
• We are going to keep this as an ongoing story for development of the crisis.
• All the info i gather is from Nigeria Basic Health home page.
• I dont know Prof. Onyebuchi Chukwu but we congratulate you from far for this great response and saving
many human life and your own citizens.