This document summarizes different perspectives on the relationship between new media technologies and society. It discusses theorists like McLuhan who argued that media determine society, Kittler who believed technology shapes situations, and Stiegler who viewed humanity and technology as co-originary. It also outlines Castells' perspective that technology and society influence each other, with networks replacing individuals and communities in modern times.
Technological determinism, media ecology and medium theory are all interrelated and make sense together. This paper will define those three terms and explain their purposes, as well as their relation to each other. Understanding technological determinism, media ecology, as well as medium theory is particularly crucial today in our modernized society. It allows one to better perceive the evolution of technologies and its impacts on societies and on people.
Lecture slides on McLuhan lecture for ARIN2600 Technocultures at the University of Sydney. This explores McLuhan's probing approach to media, which positions technology as an extension of human faculties. By implication, changes in media / technology change what it is to be human. McLuhan remains a controversial, but influential figure in media and new media studies.
This lecture looks at Determinism and Technological Determinism. This lecture is part of the Media and Cultural Theories module on the MSc and MA in Creative Technology and Creative Games at The University of Salford.
Technological determinism, media ecology and medium theory are all interrelated and make sense together. This paper will define those three terms and explain their purposes, as well as their relation to each other. Understanding technological determinism, media ecology, as well as medium theory is particularly crucial today in our modernized society. It allows one to better perceive the evolution of technologies and its impacts on societies and on people.
Lecture slides on McLuhan lecture for ARIN2600 Technocultures at the University of Sydney. This explores McLuhan's probing approach to media, which positions technology as an extension of human faculties. By implication, changes in media / technology change what it is to be human. McLuhan remains a controversial, but influential figure in media and new media studies.
This lecture looks at Determinism and Technological Determinism. This lecture is part of the Media and Cultural Theories module on the MSc and MA in Creative Technology and Creative Games at The University of Salford.
Overview of technological determinism and technological inevitablism. Analysis of implications in four key areas; environment, nuclear weapons, artificial intelligence, poverty.
I made this slideshow for a class presentation applying Marshall McLuhan's theory to the modern medium of the internet. The points made in these slides contributed greatly to my final project, Tweory (see my links).
Paper presented at the International Political Science- Political Communication Conference. Loughborough, UK. November 1020.
Examines the idea that blogs have an impact upon politics and offer an alternate to mainstream media.
This is an excerpt from a lecture that I give at the National University of Maynooth on the relationship of technology with society. It reviews concepts of technological determinism and outlines Raymond Williams' influential social shaping of technology perspective.
This PPT briefly explains media theorist Marshall McLuhan's "The Message is the Medium" and contrasts his theory with two innovation theory readings. It ends with three class discussion points about McLuhan and his relevancy today.
Overview of technological determinism and technological inevitablism. Analysis of implications in four key areas; environment, nuclear weapons, artificial intelligence, poverty.
I made this slideshow for a class presentation applying Marshall McLuhan's theory to the modern medium of the internet. The points made in these slides contributed greatly to my final project, Tweory (see my links).
Paper presented at the International Political Science- Political Communication Conference. Loughborough, UK. November 1020.
Examines the idea that blogs have an impact upon politics and offer an alternate to mainstream media.
This is an excerpt from a lecture that I give at the National University of Maynooth on the relationship of technology with society. It reviews concepts of technological determinism and outlines Raymond Williams' influential social shaping of technology perspective.
This PPT briefly explains media theorist Marshall McLuhan's "The Message is the Medium" and contrasts his theory with two innovation theory readings. It ends with three class discussion points about McLuhan and his relevancy today.
Media and SocietyMedia HistoryJOHN DEWEY – 185.docxalfredacavx97
Media and Society
Media History
JOHN DEWEY – 1859-1952
Harold A. Innis
1894-1952
Marshall McLuhan – 1911-1980
Walter J. Ong, S.J.
1912-2003
Robert W. McChesney – 1952-
Three Historical Narratives:
Oral to Electronic Culture
Oral Culture – all interactions take place in face-to-face discussions.
Written Culture – a shared system of inscription in a literate society exists so that communication can take place outside of face-to-face discussions across time and space.
Print Culture – an expansion of Written Culture that encompasses the consequent social and cultural changes that result from the proliferation of printer material.
Electronic Culture – communication transcends time and space.
There is a different sense of time in Oral Culture, according to Ong.
Since there are no records, memory cannot be recorded. History
can only reside in the present, in the telling of the story. Memory
is thematic and formulaic. The story may vary very little from telling to
telling over time, but the words and phrases used may differ.
Performance is the key to authorship. Every time a story is told or a work is
performed, it is shaped by the performer and provides a new model for future performances.
Oral cultures are relatively homogeneous with respect to knowledge and social norms but public and shared across generations.
Written Culture, according to McLuhan , has been the means of creating
‘civilized man.’
According to Innis, written communication allowed societies to persevere through time by creating durable texts which could be handed down and referred to. This allowed for control of knowledge by certain hierarchies and also allowed for centralized control to expand over a wider area.
Audiences could be remote in time and space, and the communicator could guarantee that the message received is identical to the one sent without having to rely on the memory of the messenger. The communicator could reach a wider and more disparate audience.
Print Culture – the ability to mechanically reproduce text freed writing
from its reliance on an elite group of individuals and guaranteed that
each copy of the text would be identical to every other copy.
Printing was instrumental in the development of a secular society and in the establishment of a democracy among the upper classes in early
modern Europe, according to historian, Elizabeth Eisenstein.
Printing reinforced the sense of individuality and privacy and makes
Introspection possible.
Printing enabled the emergence of the newspaper and the novel, and
altered the very structure of human consciousness and thought.
Electronic Culture – the telegraph reorganized people’s perception of space and time; it enabled the transmission of messages across space, and it fostered a rational reorganization of time. The telegraph also separated transportation from communication.
According to Innis, electronic culture allows for a new fo.
Media and SocietyMedia HistoryJOHN DEWEY – 185.docxjessiehampson
Media and Society
Media History
JOHN DEWEY – 1859-1952
Harold A. Innis
1894-1952
Marshall McLuhan – 1911-1980
Walter J. Ong, S.J.
1912-2003
Robert W. McChesney – 1952-
Three Historical Narratives:
Oral to Electronic Culture
Oral Culture – all interactions take place in face-to-face discussions.
Written Culture – a shared system of inscription in a literate society exists so that communication can take place outside of face-to-face discussions across time and space.
Print Culture – an expansion of Written Culture that encompasses the consequent social and cultural changes that result from the proliferation of printer material.
Electronic Culture – communication transcends time and space.
There is a different sense of time in Oral Culture, according to Ong.
Since there are no records, memory cannot be recorded. History
can only reside in the present, in the telling of the story. Memory
is thematic and formulaic. The story may vary very little from telling to
telling over time, but the words and phrases used may differ.
Performance is the key to authorship. Every time a story is told or a work is
performed, it is shaped by the performer and provides a new model for future performances.
Oral cultures are relatively homogeneous with respect to knowledge and social norms but public and shared across generations.
Written Culture, according to McLuhan , has been the means of creating
‘civilized man.’
According to Innis, written communication allowed societies to persevere through time by creating durable texts which could be handed down and referred to. This allowed for control of knowledge by certain hierarchies and also allowed for centralized control to expand over a wider area.
Audiences could be remote in time and space, and the communicator could guarantee that the message received is identical to the one sent without having to rely on the memory of the messenger. The communicator could reach a wider and more disparate audience.
Print Culture – the ability to mechanically reproduce text freed writing
from its reliance on an elite group of individuals and guaranteed that
each copy of the text would be identical to every other copy.
Printing was instrumental in the development of a secular society and in the establishment of a democracy among the upper classes in early
modern Europe, according to historian, Elizabeth Eisenstein.
Printing reinforced the sense of individuality and privacy and makes
Introspection possible.
Printing enabled the emergence of the newspaper and the novel, and
altered the very structure of human consciousness and thought.
Electronic Culture – the telegraph reorganized people’s perception of space and time; it enabled the transmission of messages across space, and it fostered a rational reorganization of time. The telegraph also separated transportation from communication.
According to Innis, electronic culture allows for a new fo.
Do Artifacts Have PoliticsAuthor(s) Langdon WinnerS.docxaryan532920
Do Artifacts Have Politics?
Author(s): Langdon Winner
Source: Daedalus, Vol. 109, No. 1, Modern Technology: Problem or Opportunity? (Winter,
1980), pp. 121-136
Published by: The MIT Press on behalf of American Academy of Arts & Sciences
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20024652
Accessed: 18-07-2017 14:07 UTC
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LANGDON WINNER
Do Artifacts Have Politics?
In controversies about technology and society, there is no idea more pro
vocative than the notion that technical things have political qualities. At issue is
the claim that the machines, structures, and systems of modern material culture
can be accurately judged not only for their contributions of efficiency and pro
ductivity, not merely for their positive and negative environmental side effects,
but also for the ways in which they can embody specific forms of power and
authority. Since ideas of this kind have a persistent and troubling presence in
discussions about the meaning of technology, they deserve explicit attention.1
Writing in Technology and Culture almost two decades ago, Lewis Mumford
gave classic statement to one version of the theme, arguing that "from late neo
lithic times in the Near East, right down to our own day, two technologies have
recurrently existed side by side: one authoritarian, the other democratic, the
first system-centered, immensely powerful, but inherently unstable, the other
man-centered, relatively weak, but resourceful and durable."2 This thesis
stands at the heart of Mumford's studies of the city, architecture, and the his
tory of technics, and mirrors concerns voiced earlier in the works of Peter
Kropotkin, William Morris, and other nineteenth century critics of industrial
ism. More recently, antinuclear and prosolar energy movements in Europe and
America have adopted a similar notion as a centerpiece in their arguments.
Thus environmentalist Denis Hayes concludes, "The increased deployment of
nuclear power facilities must lead society toward authoritarianism. Indeed, safe
reliance upon nuclear power as the principal source of energy may be possible
only in a totalitarian state." Echoing the views of many proponents of appropri
ate technology and the soft energy path, Hayes contends that "dispersed s ...
Do Artifacts Have PoliticsAuthor(s) Langdon WinnerS.docx
Newmedia
1. UNDERSTANDING NEW
MEDIA
Lee Hwei Mei
(Sherene)
SCM-014981
Pang Kar Yan
(Chloe)
SCM-011789
2. INTRODUCTION :
Electronic media world: through the media, humanity, fully
connected, will collaboratively build and share a global world
(McLuhan,1964).
Understanding media brings not only a insight into the
technologies or devices themselves, but also into societal
changes.
Media are bound to society: the study of one requires the
study of others.
Understanding new media means understanding how they
interact with a series of social, economical, political, cultural
and psychological processes, giving rise to a new kind of
world.
3. DIGITAL MEDIA
Characteristic:
They are all digital
Numerical system( binary code of 0 and 1)
Eg: media texts become de-linked from particular media, like
now we can read book on the internet, watch television of
films online or on our mobile phone, and also upload
photographs on blogs or social medias.
Information can be compressed and fit in very small spaces
The outcomes of digitalization is that access to data can be
very fast
4. ONLINE MEDIA
Directly refer to the internet
The term “internet "prioritizes the element of connectivity
Connected with other media, mainly computers but more
recently mobile phones
For once it introduces a shift with modernity, which is typically
associated with isolation and individuation( Goddens,1991)
Now it shifts in the relatively separate and distinct social-
cultural and politico-economic organizations of the nations
states which associated with globalizations
5. NEW MEDIA
Digital, online and without limiting or prioritizing any single
one
Includes all kind of media that keep evolving
Results of convergence between computation logic
characteristic of the computers and the communicative logic
characteristic of the media.
It is innovative and dynamic
6. TECHNOLOGIES, MEDIA AND SOCIETY
New media and technology concerns the nature of the
relationship with people and society
Do new media determine, shape or otherwise influence
them?
Do individuals and societal structural produce, set and give
meaning to media and technologies?
This will be discuss further base on the studies of McLuhan,
Kittler, Stigler and Castells.
7. MCLUHAN
First theorist to argue that the importance of the media is not
located in the contents they circulate but in the form of the
media themselves
From position on technology he argue that :
Media and technology assume priority
“the media is the message”(McLuhan,2011)
New media use old media as their content
8. CON’T MCLUHAN
Base on position on humanity he argue that:
Media are extension of human senses and at the same
time media can extent and limit our senses
“all media, from the phonetic alphabet to the computer,
are the extension of man that cause deep and lasting
changes in him and transform his environment” (McLuhan,
1969)
Base on the position on society he then argue that:
Media and technology connect everyone and come
together as a community in the global village and linked by
a series of interdependencies
9. KITTLER
He argue that “the media determines our situations”
Base on the position on technology Kittler argue that:
Technological evolution as the motor of history
Different technologies lead to the constitution of different
discourses and power configurations
He vies languages and discourses more broadly as information
as and argue that to study our present condition we need study
ways in which the information is process and stored
Hardware crucial – “there is no software”
Emphasis on the knowledge of technical innovation to produce
hardware
10. CON’T KITTLER
Base on the position of humanity
Kittler argue that different media will lead to different subjects
Discourse network 1800:readers, Discourse network
1900:audience,Discourse network 2000:end-user
Base on position of society and politics aspect
He argue that we should focus on the genealogy of discourses
to show how we are constituted, but no possibility of mastery
over technology
Should engage with hardware, underline user-friendly aspect
11. STIEGLER
He argues that technology and humanity are coeval or co-originary.
(Stiegler, p.11)
He shows that human and technology are entangled bound, without
necessarily prioritizing one over the other.
It eschews anthropocentric views of technology and media as a tool
and the media-centric views of human as determined by technology.
Technicity and technics (refers to techno-logy) are part of humans, a
process that Derrida calls hominization, result of human dialectic
with technology.
In new technologies, all our knowledge and memories are
‘exteriorized’ and stored in devices (epiphylogenesis)
controlling by others which affect the future involving a kind of
‘human obsolescence’ and ‘proletarianize’ of more
humans.
12. CONT. STIEGLER
However, there are supposition of getting more power by the
cognitive and cultural industries that run today’s societies of
control.
Leads to a politics of memory, where the technological mnemonic
devices are then in conjunctionally difficult to be controlled.
Therefore, must take a look on the processes of
grammatization and understand how they limit life with a view
to found ‘a new political economy of memory and desire’, that able
to address and expand the limits set by the various
‘grammatizations ’.
13. CASTELLS
He argued that technology does not determine society, nor does society
says to the technological change.
Our societies are understood to be as network societies, no longer on
the individual or not the traditional community.
A network consisted of distinct, but interconnected points – it replaced
both the individual and the nation-state as the primary form of social
organization, is the new morphology.
He argues that we have entered a new era, enabled by new
technologies, saying space is a space of flows and time is timeless.
Space is defined by the exchanges between the different places in
which actors are found while time can no longer be ordered
sequentially, leading to undifferentiated time.
14. CONT. CASTELLS
In conjunction with that, economy becomes increasingly organized
while politics becomes increasingly mediated politics through
networks, gives way to communicative abilities for seeking and
legitimating power.
Similarly, changing in economy, culture and so on bring about
changes in technologies as well.