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Biases

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hypothesis
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explanation

TYPOLOGY

explanation

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experimentation

hypothesis
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hypothesis
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Analytic
Biases

hypothesis
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d&
Computational and
formal methods
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hypothesis
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Channel
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hypothesis
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hypothesis
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explanation

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explanation

Laboratory
experimentation

hypothesis
testing

hypothesis
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hypothesis
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LNKod&

LNoEd&

LNvM`&

KM&
0.7

F1$')'1&.)6"-/%).1"G.)
Training group

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1

KE&

0.0

Proportion of harmony responses

0.6

Control (cvcvcv-Sv)
Local (cvcvSv-Sv)
Nonlocal (cvSvcv-Sv)

1 = cvcvSv-Sv

2 = cvSvcv-Sv
Locality (Test Items)

3 = Svcvcv-Sv
?&:&%$*')3.H)%&I7&-)#"*'5$.'.)
•  Cg5".$7"%6&H&U+%,&l$%*"=&KLHHJ&KLHKX&2""&+*23&8+$&KLHKV&)2",&
+%&+.:c($+*&(*=*,/')02/%3"'4&5+]".%S&y2z&#2N&y|z&
•  7326&0."u)"%6&6=5"&30&(3%23%+%6&?+.73%=&A=&0+.&U1+%223%&KLHLV&

•  Cg5".$7"%6&K&)2"2&,*G$*.02/%3"'4S&y*z&#2N&y.z&
•  +*23&+]"26",J&6?3)9?&*"22&0."u)"%6&U"N9N&>)P)2)X&G,,"%&HIIEV&

•  '3:#+:3%S&
•  ."5*$(+6"&c%,$%92&$%&,$w"."%6&5?3%":(O0"+6).+*&,$7"%2$3%&
•  237"i?+6&*"22&2+*$"%6&2"97"%6&(*+22&U*$u)$,2&,3&%36&a26+%,&3)6b&
+(3)2:(+**=&6?"&i+=&2$A$*+%62&,3V&

•  5+.6&30&A$99".&26),=&(3%6.+2:%9&(3%23%+%6&?+.73%=&i$6?&%3%;
+,Q+("%6&.*((*3*,/+"'&5+]".%2&U1"$%_&KLHLX&>"%%"]&KLHMV&
•  2$A$*+%6&,$22$7$*+:3%&#$.6)+**=&)%+]"26",&
•  *$u)$,&?+.73%=&+%,&,$22$7$*+:3%&A36?&.3A)26*=&+]"26",&

Ko&
890/5&6/*')J2)!&I7&-)1$56"*()
•  D$7$*+.&,"2$9%&63&Cg5".$7"%6&H&
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•  j?.""&(3%,$:3%2&U83(+*J&B3%*3(+*J&@3%6.3*&F&HK&2)AQ"(62&"+(?V&

•  D:7)*$&
•  @W@W@W&#".A&.3362&
•  Ü5J6JPJAJ,J9J7J%áJ&Ü*J.á&+%,&Ü$J"J3J)á&

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•  Z"(3.,",&A=&03).&25"+P".2&UK&7+*"J&K&0"7+*"V&

Kv&
K/.&+*)
•  j.+$%$%9&
•  HIK&6.$5*"62&$%&6.+$%$%9&5?+2"&Uodv&636+*X&0"i".&6?+%&"g5".$7"%6&HV&
•  83(+*&9.3)5&.3362S&oLâ&(#(#8#J&oLâ&(#(#(#&
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•  @3%6.3*&9.3)5S&r**&(#(#(#&U%3&*$u)$,2V&

•  j"2:%9&
•  Iv&636+*&6.$+*2&UMK&+6&"+(?&,$26+%("V&
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•  1+*0&?+,&+&0+$6?0)*&.336&."2)*6&$%&,$2?+.73%=&

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Kd&
D/.7%'.)A)!&I7&-)1$56"*()

0.6
0.4
0.2

K`&

0.0

Proportion of harmony responses

0.8

Training group
Control (cvcvcv-Lv)
Local (cvcvLv-Lv)
Nonlocal (cvLvcv-Lv)

1 = cvcvLv-Lv

2 = cvLvcv-Lv
Locality (Test Items)

3 = Lvcvcv-Lv
E*$%(.&.)
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•  '3,"*2&6?"&*39&3,,2&30&(?332$%9&6?"&6"26&$6"7&i$6?&?+.73%=&

•  l$g",&"w"(62&
•  j.+$%$%9&9.3)5S&@3%6.3*J&83(+*J&B3%*3(+*&
•  j"26&$6"7&,$26+%("S&H&Uh8#;8#VJ&K&Uh8#(#;8#VJ&3.&M&U8#(#(#;8#V&
•  T%6".+(:3%&-.3)5&g&4$26+%("&g&l+$6?0)*&5+]".%&6=5"&

•  Z+%,37&"w"(62&
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•  Z+%,37&A=;2)AQ"(6&2*35"2&03.&i?"6?".&6?"&?+.73%=&."253%2"&
i+2&6?"&H26&3.&K%,&35:3%&
KI&
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RS0

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LNHKL&

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LNHKM&

LNKoI&

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B3%*3(+*&g&4$26+%("&M&

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LNKoE&

LNHKK&

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l$%*"=J&D+.+N&KLHHN&j?"&5.$#$*"9",&26+6)2&30&*3(+*$6=&$%&(3%23%+%6&?+.73%=N&7/"3#$-!/5!8&,/34!$#)!
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Locality in long-distance phonotactics: evidence for modular learning