The document summarizes the four main periods of Native American history in Illinois: 1) Paleo Indians were nomadic hunter-gatherers who used fluted spear points and migrated long distances. 2) Archaic Indians used specialized tools like atlatl weights and lived in smaller territories while populations grew. 3) Woodland Indians practiced horticulture and lived in villages, developing pottery, pipes, and the bow and arrow. 4) Mississippian Indians built large villages and cities like Cahokia, practicing agriculture in permanent settlements.

1. Native Americans
By: Haley Grace Wellborn
Woodland Indians
Desoto Archaic Indians
The 4 historic periods
Paleo Indians
The ending
Mississippian Indians

2. The 4 historic periods
• Paleo
• Archaic
• Woodland
• Mississippian
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3. Paleo Indians
• Paleos were highly nomadic foragers in a late
glacial/early modern environment.
• They hunted, fished and collected a variety
of animal and plant foods.
• In the northern parts of the state, their
annual migration route covered hundreds of
miles.
• The most
distinctive artifact is the fluted spear point.
Scrapers were used for
working hides and making wooden and bone
tools.
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4. Archaic Indians
• Hunters and gatherers used a variety of special tools
such as axes, atlatl (spear thrower) weights, grinding
stones, stone drills and a
diversity of stone spear point styles.
• They hunted and fished, and
collected plant foods in an emerging deciduous forest.
• Native American groups continued to migrate through a
cycle of seasonal
rounds but territories became smaller compared to Paleo
times.
• The population gradually increased during this period.
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5. Woodland Indians
• Horticulture was practiced across the state and,
by the end of this period, most groups practiced
agriculture.
• They lived in
permanent stockade villages.
• Native Americans organized into tribes.
• Numerous pottery shapes and designs were
used along
with elaborate clay smoking pipes. Stone Celts
were common.
The bow and arrow developed as the main
mode of weaponry.
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6. Mississippian Indians
• Mississippian people lived throughout Illinois.
• In southern Illinois, they built a village on the
crest of Millstone Bluff.
• And built a large cemetery now known as
Dickson Mounds.
• Near East St. Louis, Mississippian people built
Cahokia, one of the largest Native American
cities in North The largest mound Monks
Mound is larger at its base than any of the
Egyptian pyramids.
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7. Desoto
• Hernando de Soto was a Spanish
explorer.
• while leading the first European expedition
deep into the territory of the modern-day
US.
• was the first European documented to
have crossed the Mississippi River.
• He traveled threw, Georgia, Carolinas,
Alabama, and Tennessee.
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8. The ending
• I hope y’all enjoyed looking threw this!
Here’s some questions I must answer:
• What group used Atlatl?
Paleo
• What group first used bow and arrow?
Woodland
• What group started farming and lived in
one place?
Woodland
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