This document discusses nasal consonants and lateral consonants. It defines nasal consonants as sounds where air escapes through the nose during production, giving examples of the nasal consonants in English. It describes the three types of closure involved in producing nasal consonants. It then defines lateral consonants as sounds where the back of the tongue contacts the hard palate while the front of the tongue lowers, channeling air around the sides of the tongue. It distinguishes between two types of lateral consonants and notes that rhotics, or 'r' sounds, vary significantly across languages in their articulation.

2. Let’s discuss about
it ….

4. A nasal consonant is a type of consonant produced
with a lowered velum in the mouth where air comes
out through the nose but not through the mouth, it
is prevented by a complete closure in the mouth at
some point.
The basic characteristic of a nasal consonants is
that the air escapes through the nose.
The nasal consonants in English are [n] [m],
and [ŋ], as in nose, mouth and ring.

6. The three types of closure are
:
1. Bilabial (lips)
2. Alveolar (tongue blade
against alveolar ridge)
3. Velar (back of tongue
against the soft palate)c

11. They are called laterals since, during their
production,
The back of the tongue makes contact with the
hard palate while the front of the tongue sinks
down, channeling the air laterally around the
tongue, down the side (or something both sides)
of the mouth.

12. There are two distinct types of lateral :
1. Lateral Ficatives, where the articulation, requiring
a great deal muscular tension resembles that of
the fricatives (except for the position of the
tongue.
1. Non Fricative Lateral, often calledliquids, whose
articulation is very close to the spirant.

15.  This consonant is important in that
considerable differences in its articulation
and its distribution are found in different
accents of English.
 Rhotics - sounds that are produced when
the character "r" is written - are some of
the most difficult sounds to learn when
studying a second language. These sounds are
the trills, the central approximants, the
taps, the flaps, and the fricatives of
phonetics. If this list of phrases seems a bit
daunting, take comfort: language acquisition
may be a slow process but it is something
that can be incredibly fruitful. After
all,language is powerful.

16. What makes rhotics so difficult to learn
is its variation across languages. The
sound "r" can be produced in Spanish as
a rapid tapping of the tip of tongue on
the roof of the mouth, while in English
an "r" is produced by a prolonged,
smooth current of air that glides over
the centre of the tongue. And, in most
Asian languages, such as Japanese or
Korean, the use of "r" is not
distinguished from its lateral approximant
brother, "l".