1. Multiple alleles
Multiple alleles :
2 ABO
3 IA , IB i)
3
elearn.kjn.ac.th/elearn/web_ebook_rsbs/3_sipsang/ge
netic.pdf
ABO IA , IB i
IAi x IB IB
IA IB : IB i
=1 : 1

2. AB : B
= 1 : 1
IAi x ii
IAi : ii
=1 : 1
A:O
= 1 : 1

3. ABO
(blood
transfusion)
Landsteiner . .
2443 Landsteiner
4 A
B
Bl.gr. Antigen Antibody Population
A A Anti-B 22 %
B B Anti-A 33 %
AB A B - 8%
O H Anti-A anti- 37 %
B
A
B ( )
B
A ( )

4. A B
A
B
A
B A
B
Sub group sub group A
( ) subgro
up A1 subgroup A2 subgroup A3, A4,
Am, Ax subgroup
A1 A1 A2 Anti-A
sera subgroup
A2 A2
Anti-
Asera ( A1)
H Antigen
H A

5. B A gene B
gene enzyme A transferase B
transferase H
A B
A A
H B B
H AB A
B H
H
H gene
H gene h HH Hh
genotype H
hh
genotype H
A B
ABO genotype AA, AO, BB, BO,
AB hh
genotype A ( anti-A
sera) B (anti-B
sera)
O B

6. ombay ( group O Bombay / Bombay phenotype)
A B H
epithelial cell ,
endothelial cell
Secretor
non-
secretor Allele secretor non-
secretor Se gene se
gene Se/Se Se/se
genotype Secretor se/se
genotype non-secretor
secret
or A
H B

7. Antigen
Antibody
O Antigen Antibody
O
AB A,
B O Antigen A,
B
AB
(
)
AB A
Antibody A
Antibody
B Antigen
(Group
matched) AB

8. 5%
( An
tigen )
Group A = AO AA
Group B = BO BB
Group AB = AB
Group O = OO
A +A = A ,O

9. B+B = B,O
AB+AB = A
,AB ,B ( O)
O+O =
O
A+B =
A+AB = A ,AB
,B( O)
B+AB = A ,AB
,B( O)
AB+O =
A B
A+O =
A O
B+O =
B O
A+B =
A.,B,AB,O
(

10. A B
AB +AB A AA
B BB
"Blood Group"
ABO System Rh
System Antigen
ABO A,B,
AB O( O ,A B
AB )
Rh
+ve Rh+ve Rh (Rhesus)
Antigen
-ve Rh-ve Rh (Rhesus)
Antigen
0.3%

11. (
Rh-ve
Rh +ve )
A+ve A Rh+ve
AB -ve AB Rh-
ve
AB 5% AB-ve
1.5
1-
(Receipt) (Donor)
- Cell grouping Direct
grouping
Anti-A
anti-B
- Serum grouping Indirect
grouping anti-A Anti-B

12. A, B , O cell
grouping
cell
grouping serum grouping
Cell grouping Serum grouping
Anti-A Anti-B Cell Cell Cell
( ) ( ) gr.A gr.B gr.O
+ - - + - A
- + + - - B
- + - - - AB
- - + + - O
+ /-

13. 2.
(Cross matching)
1 A
BO (Blood
transfusion) Cross
matching compatibility test
- Major cross matching
(Donor)
(Receipt)
ABO
antigen
- Minor cross matching
(Donor)
(Receipt)
ABO antigen

14. (hemaglutination) major
minor cross
matching(
/
VDRL )
- Indirect Coombs' test
cross matching
incomplete
antibody ( )
Coombs'
reagent
incomplete
antibody

16. ABO IA , IB i
IAi x IB IB
IA IB : IB i
=1 : 1
AB : B
= 1 : 1
IAi x ii
IAi : ii
=1 : 1
A:O
= 1 : 1

17. http://pirun.ku.ac.th/~b5141038/Section%201.htm
2.
http://www.thaigoodview.com/library/contest2552/type2/
science04/27/contents/genetics-198a.html