For Research projects

1. Multimedia Services in
VANETs
PRESENTED BY
MEMOONA ASDAQ
AMMARA GUL
MISBAH FATIMA
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2. Chapter 1 (Introduction)
 Contents:
 Computer Networks
 Ad Hoc Network
 MANETs
 VANETs
 Multimedia Services in VANETs
 Quality of Service (QoS)
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3. Chapter 2 (Literature Review)
 Contents
 Live Multimedia Streaming in VANETs
 Priority Based Routing
 Machine learning in VANETs
 Research Gap
 Problem statement
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4. Chapter 3 (Research Methodology)
 Contents:
 NCTUns
 Research Methodology
 Proposed protocol
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5. Introduction (Computer Networks)
 Communication now and in the past
 Packet Switching communication protocol
 Network types
 Various protocols for communication
 Wired & wireless networks
 Cellular data service
 Satellite communication
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6. Ad-Hoc Network
 A collection of wireless nodes that communicate over a wireless medium without
an infrastructure
 Nodes equipped with transceiver
 Ad-hoc network nodes has its own transmission range.
 Single or multiple hopping techniques for data transmission
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7. Routing Algorithms in Ad-hoc Networks
 Routing algorithm is a great challenge in wireless ad hoc network
 Some of the routing problems in ad hoc are mentioned below:
• Asymmetric link
• Redundant Paths
• Interference
• Dynamic Topology
 Classification methods for routing protocols
 Proactive, reactive schemes
 Table driven routing, On demand routing, Periodic routing
 Flat & Hierarchical structure
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8. Routing Protocols in Ad hoc Networks
 Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) uses distance vector routing method
and table driven routing mechanism.
 In Dynamic Source Routing routes are calculated on demand, two steps
 Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) makes use of the sequence number to
avoid loops.
 There are defined message types in AODV i.e., (RREQ), (RREP), (RERRs).
 A cluster network is formed for a network with large number of nodes and dynamic
topology. The basic purpose is to reduce total updates
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9. Mobile Ad-Hoc Network :-
 Mobile devices such as cell phones, tablets, laptops etc are leading to the wireless ad
hoc communication named as MANETs
 Independent mobile nodes which uses radio waves for communication
 It is easily deployed because it does not require any fixed infrastructure
 Mobile radio technologies has rapid development for both audio and video
communication
 Range is enlarged by multihop routing
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10. Characteristics of MANETs
 MANETs have different characteristics some of those are listed below:
1) Distribution Operation
2) Multi Hop Routing
3) Self-governing Terminal
4) Mobility Pattern
5) Light weight Nodes
6) Shared Physical Medium
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11. Applications of MANETs
 Some Application of MANETS are as followings:
1) Military battlefield
2) Sensor Networks
3) PAN and Bluetooth
4) Disaster Area Network
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12. Vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANETs):-
 Transportation System challenges
 Increased demand for making effective communication in vehicles
 An intelligence Transportation system (ITS) is a solution to the issues
 A dedicated short range Communication (DSRC) is used for communication
between moving vehicles
 VANETs with RSUs and OBUs are the best method for vehicular
communication.
 Urban and High way environment have different Characteristics.
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13. MANETS Routing Protocols Deployed in VANETs
 Proactive routing protocols Fisheye State Routing (FSR) , Optimized Link State
Routing (OLSR) protocol
 FSR is best suited for small networks where the number of nodes is less
 Reactive routing protocols, DSR and AODV
 Flooding technique and limitations
 Multimedia Applications & Limited Resources
 High quality & timely delivery
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14. Characteristics of VANETs:-
 MANETs and VANETs have some common features, self organizing, self
managing, low bandwidth, no centralized authority. Other than these VANETs
have some unique characteristics such as:
1) High dynamic topology
2) Foreseeable mobility model
3) Power and storage constraint
4) Constantly disconnected network
5) Communication scenarios
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15. Application of VANETs:-
 VANET applications provide important information to the drivers about different
routes, traffic and environment.
 Safety applications are designed to avoid accidents and life losses.
 GPS navigation system in VANETs, real time information is achieved from these
systems and then it is fed into the vehicles
 VCs are also used in different traffic management applications to reduce the
travel time and traffic congestion by smooth traffic flow
 Infotainment applications
 Internet access for the passenger or driver and multimedia services such as
instant messages, audio and video streaming, cooperative gaming is provided
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