medical imaging in spine. Tumors trauma degenerative spine.

1. MRI and CT of spine

2. Content
• Anatomy
• Trauma
• Congenital abnormalities
• Degenerative changes.
• Infections
• Spinal cord tumours.

9. Traumatic injury to spine.
• 10-20% patients with head injury also have a cervical spine injury.
• Up to 17% of patients have a missed or delayed diagnosis of cervical spine injury,
with a risk of permanent neurologic deficit after missed injury of 29%.
• Most cervical spine fractures occur predominantly at two levels.
One third of injuries occur at the level of C2, and one half of injuries occur at the
level of C6 or C7.

13. Burst fracture
• This is the severe variant of a compression fracture with
higher risk of neurologic deficits.

15. Posterior elements

16. Translation - Rotation
• This type of fracture includes all fractures that are the
result of displacement in the horizontal plane: side-to-
side motion, either left-to-right or anterior-to-posterior
or side-to-side rotary motion of one vertebral body with
respect to another.

18. Distraction fracture
• A distraction injury is separation or pulling apart of two
It is a severe injury since there is a high chance of cord
osseous and ligamentous supporting structures are pulled

20. Fractures of cervical spine

23. Cord injury
• spinal cord swelling
• spinal cord contusion/edema
• cord edema only: most favorable prognosis
• cord edema and contusion: intermediate prognosis
• cord contusion only: worse prognosis
• intramedullary hemorrhage
• extrinsic compression, e.g. from fracture fragment or disc herniation
• spinal cord transection

24. Cord swelling and edema

25. CORD TRANSCETION

26. Variant anatomy- Vertebral body
• hemivertebra
• block vertebra
• butterfly vertebra

30. • Scoliosis is defined as an abnormal lateral curvature of
the spine.
• It is quite common in young individuals and is often
asymptomatic.
• In some cases, however, it is the result of underlying
abnormalities.

31. • The majority (80%) of scolioses have no apparent underlying cause and are
termed idiopathic 1.
• The remaining 20% of scolioses are the result of other causes. There are many
ways to potentially group these causes, but a simple three-pronged grouping
strategy is:
• neuromuscular: conditions that cause neurological or muscular deficits that result
muscular deficits that result in asymmetric muscular tone resulting in spinal
curvature
• congenital bony: an underlying bony abnormality of the vertebra that results in a
vertebra that results in a relatively fixed spinal curve
• tumor or treatment: this is a bit of a catch-all for the remainder of causes, most of
remainder of causes, most of which relate to an adjacent tumor, or previous
treatment, e.g. radiotherapy or cardiac surgery

34. • Kyphosis much less commonly kyphus, is a term used to
describe the sagittal curvature of the thoracic spine.

36. Neoplasms of the spinal canal

47. DEGENERATIVE VERTEBRAL DISC CHANGES

48. 1.INTERVERTEBRAL DISC CHANGES

50. 2.VERTEBRAL BODY/END PLATE CHANGES

53. 3.DEGENERATIVE CHANGES