this is a ppt on history. It tells everything about the historians and about their history. This presentation is made for the convenience of the students or teachers to teach about different things through this presentation. Teachers have a easy method to tell students about the motion of the work and this presentation make them work in their work. After working on this presentation , the students will be motivated for doing their work more intelligently. Students will be so happy after working on this presentation and will be in motion to set their career or business...
Thank You...
this is a ppt on history. It tells everything about the historians and about their history. This presentation is made for the convenience of the students or teachers to teach about different things through this presentation. Teachers have a easy method to tell students about the motion of the work and this presentation make them work in their work. After working on this presentation , the students will be motivated for doing their work more intelligently. Students will be so happy after working on this presentation and will be in motion to set their career or business...
Thank You...
Motivation is the reason for people's actions, willingness and goals. Motivation is derived from the word motive which is defined as a need that requires satisfaction.
Human Resource Management - Prepared during the first semester of M.com in 2019 - referring texts from the library - Marian College Kuttikkanam (Autonomous).
This is all about Motivation and motivation theory. if u further need any help you can contact with me on the following email address kcb.brurcse42@gmail,com .
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.In this course, students will learn about the key principles of software project management, including planning, scheduling, and resource management. They will also explore the various methodologies and tools used in the industry, and how to apply them to real-world projects. By the end of the course, students will have a solid understanding of the software project management process and be better equipped to lead successful projects in their future careers.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.In this course, students will learn about the key principles of software project management, including planning, scheduling, and resource management. They will also explore the various methodologies and tools used in the industry, and how to apply them to real-world projects. By the end of the course, students will have a solid understanding of the software project management process and be better equipped to lead successful projects in their future careers.In addition, students will also gain practical experience by working on a software project from start to finish, applying the knowledge and skills they have learned throughout the course. They will have the opportunity to work in teams, communicate effectively, and make critical decisions to ensure the success of their project. Overall, this course will provide students with the necessary foundation to excel in the field of software project management and make valuable contributions to the industry.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course.
Motivation is the reason for people's actions, willingness and goals. Motivation is derived from the word motive which is defined as a need that requires satisfaction.
Human Resource Management - Prepared during the first semester of M.com in 2019 - referring texts from the library - Marian College Kuttikkanam (Autonomous).
This is all about Motivation and motivation theory. if u further need any help you can contact with me on the following email address kcb.brurcse42@gmail,com .
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.In this course, students will learn about the key principles of software project management, including planning, scheduling, and resource management. They will also explore the various methodologies and tools used in the industry, and how to apply them to real-world projects. By the end of the course, students will have a solid understanding of the software project management process and be better equipped to lead successful projects in their future careers.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.In this course, students will learn about the key principles of software project management, including planning, scheduling, and resource management. They will also explore the various methodologies and tools used in the industry, and how to apply them to real-world projects. By the end of the course, students will have a solid understanding of the software project management process and be better equipped to lead successful projects in their future careers.In addition, students will also gain practical experience by working on a software project from start to finish, applying the knowledge and skills they have learned throughout the course. They will have the opportunity to work in teams, communicate effectively, and make critical decisions to ensure the success of their project. Overall, this course will provide students with the necessary foundation to excel in the field of software project management and make valuable contributions to the industry.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course. It gives more insight about the process, It will help students to read and understand the process and needs of software project management for a project of a given company.
This presentation is a brief description about software project management course.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
3. 3 Groups of
Motivational Theories
Internal
Suggest that variables within the individual give rise
to motivation and behavior
Example: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory
Process
Emphasize the nature of the interaction between the
individual and the environment
Example: Expectancy theory
External
Focus on environmental elements to explain behavior
Example: Two-factor theory
4. Early Philosophers of
Motivational Theories
Max Weber—work contributes to salvation; Protestant
work ethic
Sigmund Freud—delve into the unconscious mind to better
understand a person’s motives and needs
Adam Smith—“enlightened” self-interest; that which is in
the best interest and benefit to the individual and to other
people
Frederick Taylor—founder of scientific management;
emphasized cooperation between management and labor to
enlarge company profits
6. Motivational Theories X & Y
SA
Esteem
Love (Social)
Safety & Security
Physiological
Theory Y - a set of
assumptions of how to
manage individuals
motivated by higher
order needs
Theory X - a set of
assumptions of how to
manage individuals
motivated by lower
order needs
7. McGregor’s Assumptions
About People Based on Theory X
Naturally indolent
Lack ambition, dislike
responsibility, and prefer to be led
Inherently self-centered and
indifferent to organizational needs
Naturally resistant to change
Gullible, not bright, ready dupes
Adapted from Table 5.1 which is from “The Human Side of Enterprise” by Douglas M. McGregor, reprinted from Management Review, November 1957. Copyright 1957
American Management Association International. Reprinted by permission of American Management Association International, New York, NY. All rights reserved.
http://www.amanet.org.
8. McGregor’s Assumptions
About People Based on Theory Y
Experiences in organizations result in passive and
resistant behaviors; they are not inherent
Motivation, development potential, capacity for
assuming responsibility, readiness to direct
behavior toward organizational goals are present
in people
Management’s task—arrange conditions and
operational methods so people can achieve their
own goals by directing efforts to organizational
goals
Adapted from Table 5.1 which is from “The Human Side of Enterprise” by Douglas M. McGregor, reprinted from Management Review, November 1957.
Copyright 1957 American Management Association International. Reprinted by permission of American Management Association International, New York,
NY. All rights reserved. http://www.amanet.org.
10. McClelland’s Need Theory:
Need for Achievement
Need for Achievement - a
manifest (easily perceived)
need that concerns
individuals’ issues of
excellence, competition,
challenging goals, persistence,
and overcoming difficulties
11. McClelland’s Need Theory:
Need for Power
Need for Power - a manifest
(easily perceived) need that
concerns an individual’s need
to make an impact on others,
influence others, change people
or events, and make a
difference in life
12. McClelland’s Need Theory:
Need for Affiliation
Need for Affiliation - a
manifest (easily perceived)
need that concerns an
individual’s need to establish
and maintain warm, close,
intimate relationships with
other people
13. Self-actualization
3 Motivational Need Theories
Maslow Alderfer McClelland
Order
Needs
Lower
Order
Needs
Higher Esteem
Need for
Achievement
Need for
Power
Relatedness Need for
Affiliation
Existence
Growth
self
interpersonal
Belongingness
(social & love)
Safety & Security
interpersonal
physical
Physiological
14. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
Hygiene Factor - work condition related to
dissatisfaction caused by discomfort or pain
maintenance factor
contributes to employee’s feeling not dissatisfied
contributes to absence of complaints
Motivation Factor - work condition related to the
satisfaction of the need for psychological growth
job enrichment
leads to superior performance & effort
15. Motivation–Hygiene
Theory of Motivation
Hygiene factors avoid
job dissatisfaction
• Company policy&
administration
• Supervision
• Interpersonalrelations
• Workingconditions
• Salary
• Status
• Security
SOURCE: Adapted from Frederick Herzberg, The Managerial Choice: To be Efficient or to Be Human. (Salt Lake City: Olympus, 1982). Reprinted bypermission.
• Achievement
• Achievement recognition
• Work itself
• Responsibility
• Advancement
• Growth
• Salary?
Motivation factors
increase job satisfaction
16. Motivation-Hygiene
Combinations
High M Low M
High H high motivation
few complaints
low motivation
few complaints
Low H high motivation
many complaints
low motivation
many complaints
(Motivation = M, Hygiene = H)
17. Individual—Organizational
Exchange Relationship
Organizational goals
Departmental objectives
Job tasks
Physiological needs
Security needs
Physical needs
Company status
Benefits
Income
Developmental potential
Employee knowledge
Employee skills and
abilities
Organization Individual
Demands
Contributions
SOURCE: Reproduced with permission from McGraw-Hill, Inc.
18. Adams’s Theory of Inequity
Inequity - the situation in which a person
perceives he or she is receiving less than he
or she is giving, or is giving less than he or
she is receiving
19. Motivational Theory
of Social Exchange
Equity Outcomes =
Inputs
Outcomes
Inputs
Negative
Inequity
Outcomes
Inputs
Positive
Inequity
Outcomes <
Inputs
Outcomes >
Inputs
Outcomes
Inputs
Person Comparison
other
20. Strategies for
Resolution of Inequity
Alter the person’s outcomes
Alter the person’s inputs
Alter the comparison other’s outputs
Alter the comparison other’s inputs
Change who is used as a comparison other
Rationalize the inequity
Leave the organizational situation
21. New Perspectives
on Equity Theory
Equity Sensitive
I prefer an equity
ratio equal to that of
my comparison other
22. New Perspectives
on Equity Theory
Benevolent I am comfortable
with an equity ratio
less than that of my
comparison other
23. New Perspectives
on Equity Theory
Entitled
I am comfortable
with an equity ratio
greater than that of
my comparison other
24. Expectancy Theory of
Motivation: Key Constructs
Valence - value or importance placed on a particular
reward
Expectancy - belief that effort leads to performance
Instrumentality - belief that performance is related
to rewards
25. Expectancy Model of Motivation
Performance Reward
Effort
Effort
Perceived effort–
performance
probability
Perceived
value of reward
Perceived
performance–
reward probability
“If I work hard,
will I get the job
done?”
“What rewards
will I get when
the job is well
done?”
“What rewards
do I value?”
26. 3 Causes of
Motivational Problems
Belief that effort will not result in performance
Belief that performance will not result in rewards
The value a person places on, or the preference a
person has for, certain rewards
27. Moral Maturity
Moral Maturity - the measure of a person’s cognitive
moral development
Morally mature
people behave and act
based on universal
ethical principles.
Morally immature
people behave and act
based on egocentric
motivations.