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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
BFS
Dr Asha Bhandarker
Distinguished Professor of Org Beh, IMI-DELHI
Motivation and Employee Engagement
What motivates you? desire and energy that translates into action
 A positive working relationship with my boss
 Good pay
 Freedom on the job
 Praise for a job well done
 Interesting and Challenging work
 People with whom I enjoy working
 Knowing that there will be consequences for poor performance
 Clearly written job description
 Chance for promotion
 Nice office
 Personal respect
 Time off from work
 Regular hours
 Opportunity for learning and growth
Motivation and Job Performance
Motivation
/willingnes
s to
perform
Opportunity
to perform
Ability/capaci
ty to perform
JOB PERFORMANCE
Motivation Theories
a) McClelland theory:
 n Ach-challenge seekers. Found to work best on moderately difficult tasks, with
performance feedback + take personal responsibility for results
 n Power- prestige and influence , assertive, risk takers
 n Affiliation – social and relationship oriented
b) Maslow:
Physiological, Safety-Security, Social-Belongingness, Esteem, Self Actualization
c) 2 Factor theory-Herzberg
d) Self determination Theory – extrinsic rewards reduce motivation
b) Expectancy theory
Expectancy Instrumentality
Effort Performance
Org
rewards
1) effort-performance relationship
2) 2)Performance-reward relationship
3) 3)Rewards-personal goals
relationship
1 2
Persona
l goals
3
c) Goal Theory:
SMART Goals – are
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Reasonable
Timetable
d) Reinforcement Theory
 Reinforcement (positive, negative)- increases the likelihood that a behaviour
will recur
 Reinforce- encourage the behaviour to recur
 Positive reinforcer – a pleasant outcome that follows a desired behaviour
 Negative reinforcer – reprimanding a tardy employee to encourage timeliness
 Punishment – occurs after the behaviour aimed to stop that behaviour
Rules for using Reinforcement and
Punishment
 Focus on specific , job-related behaviours
 Respond quickly
 Be consistent
 Positive reinforcer to be large as possible
 Punishment to be used rarely
 Praise in public, punish in private
 Provide alternate behaviours after punishment
e) Equity Theory:
Inputs greater than outputs
Inputs lesser than outputs
My I/O ratio compared to others
10
Attitudes- cognitive, affective and behavioural
components
Job Attitudes- Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement,
Psychological Empowerment, Org Commitment, Perceived
Org Support, Employee engagement, Intention to Quit
Why are Job Attitudes important?
The connection between
Individual Needs (giving back, core self evaluation)
Workplaces (Job conditions, Pay, CSR) and
Job satisfaction
11
Outcomes of Job Satisfaction:
Job Performance
Org Citizenship Behaviour
Customer Satisfaction
Life Satisfaction
Impact of Job Dissatisfaction –Neglect, Exit,
Counterproductive work behaviour, Absenteeism, Turnover.
Employee Engagement & Its impact on
workplace outcomes
 According to Gallup Surveys Trust and EE correlate with Profit and
Productivity
 Productivity, Quality and Customer service found to be impacted by EE
 Participation at work and Motivation
Motivation and Employee
Engagement
Commitment
to the Job
Pride in the
job
Willingness
to advocate
Job
Satisfaction
Engagement
Employee Engagement
 EE- The rational and emotional attachment and commitment employees have
to their work and their organizations; the involvement , satisfaction and
enthusiasm employees have for their work
 Creativity and Engagement- highly correlated
Employee Engagement and Job
Performance
According to a recent study :
 People found to perform better when they are experiencing positive
emotions, passion for their work, and positive perception of those around
them.
 Single most important driver of good performance – Meaningful work
 Recognition – when given to average work it was greeted with suspicion; when
not given at all, the results were even more negative. Praise was appreciated
only when it was for the best work done by the employee.
Engagement in Organizations
 Job commitment
 Job Satisfaction
 Pride in the job
 Willingness to advocate
Engagement

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Motivation and EE slides BFS 28 Nov 2023.pptx

  • 1. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR BFS Dr Asha Bhandarker Distinguished Professor of Org Beh, IMI-DELHI
  • 2. Motivation and Employee Engagement What motivates you? desire and energy that translates into action  A positive working relationship with my boss  Good pay  Freedom on the job  Praise for a job well done  Interesting and Challenging work  People with whom I enjoy working  Knowing that there will be consequences for poor performance  Clearly written job description  Chance for promotion  Nice office  Personal respect  Time off from work  Regular hours  Opportunity for learning and growth
  • 3. Motivation and Job Performance Motivation /willingnes s to perform Opportunity to perform Ability/capaci ty to perform JOB PERFORMANCE
  • 4. Motivation Theories a) McClelland theory:  n Ach-challenge seekers. Found to work best on moderately difficult tasks, with performance feedback + take personal responsibility for results  n Power- prestige and influence , assertive, risk takers  n Affiliation – social and relationship oriented b) Maslow: Physiological, Safety-Security, Social-Belongingness, Esteem, Self Actualization c) 2 Factor theory-Herzberg d) Self determination Theory – extrinsic rewards reduce motivation
  • 5. b) Expectancy theory Expectancy Instrumentality Effort Performance Org rewards 1) effort-performance relationship 2) 2)Performance-reward relationship 3) 3)Rewards-personal goals relationship 1 2 Persona l goals 3
  • 6. c) Goal Theory: SMART Goals – are Specific Measurable Achievable Reasonable Timetable
  • 7. d) Reinforcement Theory  Reinforcement (positive, negative)- increases the likelihood that a behaviour will recur  Reinforce- encourage the behaviour to recur  Positive reinforcer – a pleasant outcome that follows a desired behaviour  Negative reinforcer – reprimanding a tardy employee to encourage timeliness  Punishment – occurs after the behaviour aimed to stop that behaviour
  • 8. Rules for using Reinforcement and Punishment  Focus on specific , job-related behaviours  Respond quickly  Be consistent  Positive reinforcer to be large as possible  Punishment to be used rarely  Praise in public, punish in private  Provide alternate behaviours after punishment
  • 9. e) Equity Theory: Inputs greater than outputs Inputs lesser than outputs My I/O ratio compared to others
  • 10. 10 Attitudes- cognitive, affective and behavioural components Job Attitudes- Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement, Psychological Empowerment, Org Commitment, Perceived Org Support, Employee engagement, Intention to Quit Why are Job Attitudes important? The connection between Individual Needs (giving back, core self evaluation) Workplaces (Job conditions, Pay, CSR) and Job satisfaction
  • 11. 11 Outcomes of Job Satisfaction: Job Performance Org Citizenship Behaviour Customer Satisfaction Life Satisfaction Impact of Job Dissatisfaction –Neglect, Exit, Counterproductive work behaviour, Absenteeism, Turnover.
  • 12. Employee Engagement & Its impact on workplace outcomes  According to Gallup Surveys Trust and EE correlate with Profit and Productivity  Productivity, Quality and Customer service found to be impacted by EE  Participation at work and Motivation
  • 13. Motivation and Employee Engagement Commitment to the Job Pride in the job Willingness to advocate Job Satisfaction Engagement
  • 14. Employee Engagement  EE- The rational and emotional attachment and commitment employees have to their work and their organizations; the involvement , satisfaction and enthusiasm employees have for their work  Creativity and Engagement- highly correlated
  • 15. Employee Engagement and Job Performance According to a recent study :  People found to perform better when they are experiencing positive emotions, passion for their work, and positive perception of those around them.  Single most important driver of good performance – Meaningful work  Recognition – when given to average work it was greeted with suspicion; when not given at all, the results were even more negative. Praise was appreciated only when it was for the best work done by the employee.
  • 16. Engagement in Organizations  Job commitment  Job Satisfaction  Pride in the job  Willingness to advocate Engagement