The document discusses conspiracy theories that claim the United States faked the moon landings and did not actually send astronauts to the moon. It presents evidence cited by conspiracy theorists, such as photos appearing to show the American flag waving in the moon's atmosphere, which does not exist, and a lack of impact craters under the lunar modules. However, the document also provides explanations from NASA for these observations, such as the flag being stored in a tube to cause ripples and the lunar surface being solid rock so craters would not necessarily form from the modules landing. The document examines videos and evidence from both supporters and critics of the moon landing missions.

1. MOON LANDING
CONSPIRACY
BY : SURYA, DZAKIYYAH, ERIKA

2. INFORMATION
• On 20 July 1969 Apollo 11 landed on the Moon. However, some people insist that the United States
faked the landing in film studios here on Earth. They argue that photos of the mission aren't real,
radiation from the Sun would have killed the astronauts and NASA didn't have the ability to return a
man safely from the Moon.
• The videos in this collection examine the Moon landing conspiracy theories and highlight the opposing
evidence, which proves astronauts really did walk on the Moon.

3. • The theory that the moon landings were hoaxed by the US government to assert their victory in the
space race over Russia, is something which has grown in popularity over time.
• Recent polls indicate that approximately 20% of Americans believe that the U.S. has never landed on
the moon. After the Apollo missions ended in the seventies, why haven’t we ever been back? Only
during the term of Richard Nixon did humanity ever land on the moon, and after Watergate most
people wouldn’t put it past Tricky Dick to fake them to put America in good standing in the Cold War

4. • In this list we have presented some of the proposed evidence to suggest that the moon landings were hoaxes. We
tried to include NASA’s explanations to each entry to provide an objective perspective.
• In 1969 Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin became the second man to walk on the Moon when he followed Neil Armstrong onto
the lunar surface.
• Armstrong and Aldrin landed their spacecraft, the Eagle, in an area of the Moon called the Sea of Tranquillity and
explored the surface for more than two hours.
• A Korean War combat pilot, Aldrin also flew aboard the Gemini 12 spacecraft in 1966 in preparation for the
historic Apollo 11 landing.
• Photo: Buzz Aldrin on the Moon (NASA)

5. • Conspiracy theorists have pointed out that when the first moon landing was shown on live television,
viewers could clearly see the American flag waving and fluttering as Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
planted it. Photos of the landing also seem to show rippling in a breeze, such as the image above which
clearly shows a fold in the flag. The obvious problem here is that there’s no air in the moon’s
atmosphere, and therefore no wind to cause the flag to blow.
• Countless explanations have been put forward to disprove this phenomenon as anything unusual: NASA
claimed that the flag was stored in a thin tube and the rippled effect was caused by it being unfurled
before being planted. Other explanations involve the ripples caused by the reaction force of the
astronauts touching the aluminum pole.

6. • The claim goes as follows: had NASA really landed us on the moon, there would be a blast crater
underneath the lunar module to mark its landing. On any video footage or photograph of the landings,
no crater is visible, almost as though the module was simply placed there. The surface of the moon is
covered in fine lunar dust, and even this doesn’t seem to have been displaced in photographic
evidence.
• Much like the waving flag theory, however, the lack of an impact crater has a slew of potential
explanations. NASA maintains that the module required significantly less thrust in the low-gravity
conditions than it would have done on Earth. The surface of the moon itself is solid rock, so a blast
crater probably wouldn’t be feasible anyway – in the same way that an aeroplane doesn’t leave a crater
when it touches down on a concrete airstrip.