Introduction Development and improvement What is mongodb? Why mongodb? Support for dynamic queries Storing binary data Why replication? Terms used in rdbms and mongodb Create database Drop database Data types in mongodb

1. SUBMITTEDBY:
NAME:T.ARIFABEGUM
CLASS:2NDM.SC.,COMPUTERSCIENCE
BATCH:2017–2019
INCHARGESTAFF:MS.M.FLORENCEDAYANA
You can have data without information , but you
cannot have information without data

2. OUTLINE
 Introduction
 Developmentandimprovement
 Whatismongodb?
 Whymongodb?
 Supportfordynamicqueries
 Storingbinarydata
 Whyreplication?
 Termsusedinrdbmsandmongodb
 Createdatabase
 Dropdatabase
 Datatypesinmongodb

3. INTRODUCTION
 Therelationaldatabasemodelhasprevailed fordecades.
 ToreplacetherelationalDB,newkindofdatabaseintheenterprisecalled
NoSQL(NOTONLYSQL).
 MongoDBisanopen-sourcedocument-baseddatabasemanagementtool
thatstoresdatainJSON-likeformats.
 Itisahighlyscalable,flexibleanddistributedNoSQLdatabase.

4. DEVELOPMENTANDIMPROVEMENT
 10gensoftwarecompanybegandevelopingMongoDBin2007asa
componentofaplannedplatformasaserviceproduct.
 In2009,thecompanyshiftedtoanopensourcedevelopmentmodel,withthe
companyofferingcommercialsupportandotherservices.
 In2013,10gensoftwarechangeditsnameintoMongoDB.
 OnOctober20,2017,MongoDBbecameapublicly-tradedcompany.

5. WHATISMONGODB?
 MongoDBis
 Crossplatform.
 Opensource.
 Nonrelational.
 Distributed.
 NoSQL.
 Documentorienteddatasource.
 NoSQLtools=itdoesnothaverowsandcolumnsforstoringdatalike
RDBMS.
 Architecture=builtoncollectionsofdocuments.
 Basicunitofdata=setofkey-valuepairs.

6. WHYMONGODB?
SQL:
 ThemajorchallengesinwithtraditionalRDBMSaredealingwith
largevolumesofdata
richvarietyofdata-particularlyunstructureddata,andmeetinguptothe
scaleneedsofenterprisedata.
 TheneedofDB:
 scalerequirement.
 flexibilitywithrespecttoSchema.
 faulttolerant-consistentandPartitiontolerant.

7. MongoDB:
 ThedatamodelthatMongoDBfollowsisahighlyelastic.
 MongoDBletsyoucombineandstoredataofmultivariatetypes.
 Thereisnodowntimewhenuserwantstodynamicallymodifytheschemas.

8. USINGJAVASCRIPTOBJECTNOTATION(JSON)
 JSONisextremelyexpressive.
 StoreandRetrieveiseaseprocess.
 ThisdatabaseusesadocumentstorageformatcalledBSON(BeeSon)which
isabinarystyleofJSONstyledocuments.
 BSONisanopenstandard.Insomecasesitconsumeslessspaceas
comparedtothetext-basedJSON.
 Itsanprogramminglanguage’snativedataformat.

9.  TheprogramminglanguageavailableinMongoDBare,
 C++
 Java
 python
 PHP
 Ruby
 C#..etc,.usingthebasicbinaryformat enablesthenativedatastructurestobe
builtquicklyforeachlanguagewithoutgoingthrough theinconvenienceof
processingJSON.

11. CREATINGORGENERATINGAUNIQUEKEY
 EachJSONdocumentsshouldhaveauniqueidentifier.
 _idkey=similartotheprimarykeyrelationaldatabase.
 Uses=ForSearchingthedocument(uniqueidentifier).
 Anindexisautomaticallybuiltontheuniqueidentifier.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12
Timestamp MachineID ProcessID Counter

12.  Database-Itiscollectionofcollections.
-Itislikean containerofcollections.itbegincreatedatthefirstattempt
whencollectionmakesreferencetoit.
-Createdondemand.
-EachDBhasitsownsetsoffilesandfilesystem.
-singleMongoDBserver=houseofseveraldatabases.

13.  Collection-ItislikeaanalogoustoatableofRDBMS.
-Itiscreatedatthefirsttimethatyouattempttosaveadocument.
-Singledatabase.AcollectionholdsaseveralMongoDBdocuments.
-Itdoesnotenforceschema.
-Itcontainsdocumentswithinacollectioncanhavedifferentfields.

14.  Document-Adocumentisanalogoustoarow/record/TupleinanRDBMS
table.
-Adocumenthasadynamicschema.
-Documentshaveasamefields,the orderofthefieldscanbe
different.
-Documentinacollectionneednotnecessarilyhavethesamesetof
fields/keyvaluepairs.

15. SUPPORTFORDYNAMICQUERIES
 MongoDBhasextensivesupportforqueries.
 ThisisinkeepingwithtraditionalRDBMSwhereinwehavestaticdataand
dynamicqueries.
 CouchDB-Documentoriented.
-SchemalessNOSQLdatabaseandMongoDB’sbiggestcompetitor.
-worksonquitethereversemanner.
-itsupportthedynamicdataandstaticqueries.

16. STORINGBINARYDATA
 MongoDBprovidesgridFStosupportthestorageofbinarydata.
 StorageSpace=4MBofdata.
e.g.,photographs(suchaas profilepicture)orsmallaudioclips.
 Ifyouwanttostoremovieclips,MongoDBhasanothersolution.
 Itstoresmetadatainacollectioncalled“file”.
 Chunks-Itsbreaksthatdataintosmallpiecescalled“chunks”.
-Storedin“chunks”collection.
-Takecare=“easyscalability”.

17. WHYREPLICATION?
 Itprovides
-dataredundancy
-highavailability
 Ithelptorecoverhardwarefailureandservicesinterruptions.
 InMongoDB,
replicaset=singleprimaryandseveralsecondaries.
 Eachwriterequestclientisdirectedtotheprimary.
Primarylogs Oplog(operationallog)
Writerequestinto

18.  Oplogisthenusedbythesecondaryreplicamemberstosynchronizetheir
data.
 Itsdecidesthe“consistency”.
 Theclientsusuallyreadfromtheprimary.
 Theclientcanalsospecifythereadpreferencethatwilldirecttheread
operationstothesecondary.

19. REPLICATIONDIAGRAM
writes reads
Replication Replication
TheprocessofREPLICATIONinMongoDB.
Clientapplication
Primary
Secondary Secondary Secondary

20. SHARDING
LARGEDB SMALLsubdividedDB.
 Itreferstohorizontalscaling.
 Itmeansalargedatabaseordatasetaresubdividedanddistributedintosmall
piecesovermultipleserversorshards.
 Eachshardisanindependentdatabaseandcollectivelytheywouldconstitute
alogicaldatabase.
Theprimeadvantageofshardingis,
 Shardingreducestheamountofdatathateachshardneedtomanageand
store.
 ShardingreducestheNo.Of.operationsthateachshardhandles.

21.  E.g.,1TB(sizeofdataset)=distributedordividedinto4shards(datasets).
 Eachshardofsize256GBdata.Asfortheclustergrows,theamountofdata
thateachshardwillstoreandmanagewilldecrease.
Shard3
(256GB)
Shard4
(256GB)
Collection
1TBdatabase
Shard1
(256GB)
Shard2
(256GB)

22. UPDATINGINFORMATIONINPLACE
 MongoDBupdatestheinformationinplace.
 Thisimpliesthatisupdatethedatawhereveritisavailable.
 Itdoesnotallocateseparatespaceandtheindexesremainunaltered.
 MongoDBisallforlazywrites.itwritestothediskonceeverysecond.
 Readingandwritingtodiskisaslowprocessascomparedtoreadingand
fromwritingfrommemory.

23. TERMSUSEDINRDBMSANDMONGODB
RDBMS
 Database
 Table
 Record
 Columns
 Index
 Joins
 Primarykey
MongoDB
 Database
 Collection
 Document
 Fields/keyvaluepairs
 Index
 Embeddeddocuments
 Primarykey(_idisaidentifier)

24. MYSQL Oracle MongoDB
Databaseserver MYSqld Oracle Mongod
Databaseclient MYSql SQLPlus mongo

25. CREATEDATABASE
 Thesyntaxforcreatingadatabaseisasfollows:
useDATABASE_Name
 Tocreateadatabasebythename“myDB”thesyntaxis
usemyDB
e.g.,
>usemyDB;
switchedtodbmyDB
>
 Toconfirmtheexistenceofyourdatabase,typecommandattheMongoDBshell:
db
>db
myDB
>

26. DROPDATABASE
 Thesyntaxtodeleteordropdatabaseisasfollows:
db.dropDatabase();
e.g.,
usemyDB;
db.dropDatabase();

27. DATATYPESINMONGODB
 String -MustbeUTF-8valid.
-Mostcommonlyuseddatatypes.
 Integer -Canbe32bitor64bit(depends ontheserver).
 Boolean -Tostoretrue/false
 Double -Tostorefloatingpoint(realvalues).
 Min/Max -TocompareavalueagainstthelowerorhighestBSONelements.
 Arrays -Tostorearrayorlistormultiplevaluesintoonekey.

28.  Timestamp -Torecordwhenadocumenthasbeenmodifiedoradded.
 Null -Tostoreanullvalue.(null=missingorunknownvalue).
 Date -Tostorethecurrentdateortimeformat.
 ObjectID -Tostorethedocument’sid.
 Binarydata-Tostorebinarydata(images,binaries,etc.,).
 Code -Tostorejavascriptcodeintothedocument.
 Regularexpression-Tostoreregularexpression.