The document discusses the literature that existed in the Philippines prior to the arrival of Spanish colonizers. It describes how early Filipino ancestors had their own alphabet and traditions that were documented in folk stories, plays, and songs which showed their customs and way of life. However, many of these early written works were later destroyed by Spanish friars. The document goes on to explain different forms of pre-Spanish literature like legends, folk tales, epics, folk songs, and various types of poetry including riddles and proverbs that helped preserve aspects of early Filipino culture and history.
Case Study 1 - Where did the First Catholic Mass Happened.pptxharjayreafor2
The document analyzes primary sources related to the site of the first Catholic mass in the Philippines. It summarizes the accounts of Francisco Albo and Antonio Pigafetta, who were part of Magellan's expedition. Albo's log describes locations like Mazava that match the description of Limasawa island. Pigafetta provides more details, noting their arrival at Homonhon island on March 17, 1521, where Magellan said mass. Scholars analyzing these firsthand accounts came to question the long-held belief that the first mass was in Butuan, and suggest it actually occurred at Limasawa or Homonhon.
PANITIKAN SA PANAHON NG HAPON-Ikalawang bahagi..pptxCyreneNSoterio
Sa pagdating ng mga Hapones sa ating bansa, dala nila ang kanilang propaganda na ang mga hapon ay dumating sa Pilipinas bilang kapatid na siyang magpapalaya sa mga Pilipino. Ang karaniwang paksa sa panahong ito ay :
Sumisentro sa buhay sa lalawigan o pagsasaka o pangingisda.
Sumisentro sa Pagka-makabayan, Pag-ibig, Kalikasan.
Pananampalataya at sining.
Ugali ng mga hapon sa pagiging tapat sa kanilang bansa at pagkakaroon ng dangal sa sarili at bansa
Bakit kaya ito ang karaniwang tema sa panahong ito? Malaki ang impluwensyang naidulot ng sensura o sensor na ipinatupad ng mga hapones sa mga akdang pamanitikan sa panahong ito.
- ang Manila Shimbun-sha ay nagsilbing sensor ng mga hapones upang maharangan ang mga akdang di nila nais. Ang kadalasang inaapruba nilang mga akda ay ang mga akdang nagbibigay-puri at kumikilala sa mga Hapones. Ipinagbawal din ng mga hapones ang pagbasa o pasgulat tungkol sa demokrasya at lahat ng patungkol sa estados Unidos.
Napakalaki rin ng epektong idinulot ng sensurang Hapon sa panitikan sa panahong iyon. Sa sobrang higpit nito ay maraming mga literary periodicals ang napahinto sa paglalathala.
Dahil sa pagliit ng bilang ng mga peryodiko ay nagkaroon ng kakulangan sa espasyo para sa mga akdang pampanitikan sa Ingles. Taliwas naman ito sa lubos na pagyabong ng mga akdang pampanitikang Tagalog. Mas lamang ang mga akdang pampanitikan sa Tagalog sapagkat suportado ito ng mga Hapon.
Kalagayan Ng Panitikan
Namahingang tuluyan ang Panitikang Filipino at Kastila sa Panahon ng Hapon. Sa kabila nito, nagpatuloy ang pagsulat sa mga wikang Tagalog at ingles na taglay ang diwang makabansa, bagama’t hindi nakararating lahat sa mga mambabasang Pilipino. Masasabing iilang akda lamang sa loob ng mahigit na taltlong taon ang naisulat mula 1945 hanggang 1944.
Kung maituturing na may buting nagawa ang Hapon sa Pilipinas, iyon ay ang pagpapahalaga sa wikang sarili. Nailagay sa mataas na antas ang wikang Filipino na gawin itong wikang opisyal.
---- Ngayon ay dumako naman tayo sa mga akda sa panahon ng Hapon.
Ang ilang kwentong nakilala sa panahon ng pananakop ng Hapon ay isinulat sa wikang Ingles na kababakasan ng kabihasnang pamana ng Amerikano, lalo na ang ilang mahilig sa pagsulat sa wikang Ingles.
-Ang akdang tatalakayin ko ngayon sa panahon ng hapon ay ang maikling kuwento, ang nobela, at ang dula.
---ANG MAIKLING KUWENTO
Ang maikling katha o maikling kuwento ay isa sa mga anyo ng panitikan. Ito ay maiksing salaysay na naglalaman ng isang kwentong may mahalagang pangyayari.
ANG DULA
Kadalasang mga paksa sa pagtatanghal ang pagmamahal ng ina sa anak, ng kasuyo sa kasintahan, at pag-ibig sa tinubuang lupa.
Ito ay ang unang paksa sa Panitikan ng Pilipinas. Napapaloob rito ang kahulugan, mga salita, mga paksa, mga iba't - ibang uri ng panitikan sa ating bansa. Inaasahan ang mainam at lubos na pag-intindi ng paksang ito sapagkat ito at nagbibigay kahulugan sa kung ano ang ating pinagmulan upang mas maganda ang ating mga pananaw sa ating paroroonan.
The document discusses the literature that existed in the Philippines prior to the arrival of Spanish colonizers. It describes how early Filipino ancestors had their own alphabet and traditions that were documented in folk stories, plays, and songs which showed their customs and way of life. However, many of these early written works were later destroyed by Spanish friars. The document goes on to explain different forms of pre-Spanish literature like legends, folk tales, epics, folk songs, and various types of poetry including riddles and proverbs that helped preserve aspects of early Filipino culture and history.
Case Study 1 - Where did the First Catholic Mass Happened.pptxharjayreafor2
The document analyzes primary sources related to the site of the first Catholic mass in the Philippines. It summarizes the accounts of Francisco Albo and Antonio Pigafetta, who were part of Magellan's expedition. Albo's log describes locations like Mazava that match the description of Limasawa island. Pigafetta provides more details, noting their arrival at Homonhon island on March 17, 1521, where Magellan said mass. Scholars analyzing these firsthand accounts came to question the long-held belief that the first mass was in Butuan, and suggest it actually occurred at Limasawa or Homonhon.
PANITIKAN SA PANAHON NG HAPON-Ikalawang bahagi..pptxCyreneNSoterio
Sa pagdating ng mga Hapones sa ating bansa, dala nila ang kanilang propaganda na ang mga hapon ay dumating sa Pilipinas bilang kapatid na siyang magpapalaya sa mga Pilipino. Ang karaniwang paksa sa panahong ito ay :
Sumisentro sa buhay sa lalawigan o pagsasaka o pangingisda.
Sumisentro sa Pagka-makabayan, Pag-ibig, Kalikasan.
Pananampalataya at sining.
Ugali ng mga hapon sa pagiging tapat sa kanilang bansa at pagkakaroon ng dangal sa sarili at bansa
Bakit kaya ito ang karaniwang tema sa panahong ito? Malaki ang impluwensyang naidulot ng sensura o sensor na ipinatupad ng mga hapones sa mga akdang pamanitikan sa panahong ito.
- ang Manila Shimbun-sha ay nagsilbing sensor ng mga hapones upang maharangan ang mga akdang di nila nais. Ang kadalasang inaapruba nilang mga akda ay ang mga akdang nagbibigay-puri at kumikilala sa mga Hapones. Ipinagbawal din ng mga hapones ang pagbasa o pasgulat tungkol sa demokrasya at lahat ng patungkol sa estados Unidos.
Napakalaki rin ng epektong idinulot ng sensurang Hapon sa panitikan sa panahong iyon. Sa sobrang higpit nito ay maraming mga literary periodicals ang napahinto sa paglalathala.
Dahil sa pagliit ng bilang ng mga peryodiko ay nagkaroon ng kakulangan sa espasyo para sa mga akdang pampanitikan sa Ingles. Taliwas naman ito sa lubos na pagyabong ng mga akdang pampanitikang Tagalog. Mas lamang ang mga akdang pampanitikan sa Tagalog sapagkat suportado ito ng mga Hapon.
Kalagayan Ng Panitikan
Namahingang tuluyan ang Panitikang Filipino at Kastila sa Panahon ng Hapon. Sa kabila nito, nagpatuloy ang pagsulat sa mga wikang Tagalog at ingles na taglay ang diwang makabansa, bagama’t hindi nakararating lahat sa mga mambabasang Pilipino. Masasabing iilang akda lamang sa loob ng mahigit na taltlong taon ang naisulat mula 1945 hanggang 1944.
Kung maituturing na may buting nagawa ang Hapon sa Pilipinas, iyon ay ang pagpapahalaga sa wikang sarili. Nailagay sa mataas na antas ang wikang Filipino na gawin itong wikang opisyal.
---- Ngayon ay dumako naman tayo sa mga akda sa panahon ng Hapon.
Ang ilang kwentong nakilala sa panahon ng pananakop ng Hapon ay isinulat sa wikang Ingles na kababakasan ng kabihasnang pamana ng Amerikano, lalo na ang ilang mahilig sa pagsulat sa wikang Ingles.
-Ang akdang tatalakayin ko ngayon sa panahon ng hapon ay ang maikling kuwento, ang nobela, at ang dula.
---ANG MAIKLING KUWENTO
Ang maikling katha o maikling kuwento ay isa sa mga anyo ng panitikan. Ito ay maiksing salaysay na naglalaman ng isang kwentong may mahalagang pangyayari.
ANG DULA
Kadalasang mga paksa sa pagtatanghal ang pagmamahal ng ina sa anak, ng kasuyo sa kasintahan, at pag-ibig sa tinubuang lupa.
Ito ay ang unang paksa sa Panitikan ng Pilipinas. Napapaloob rito ang kahulugan, mga salita, mga paksa, mga iba't - ibang uri ng panitikan sa ating bansa. Inaasahan ang mainam at lubos na pag-intindi ng paksang ito sapagkat ito at nagbibigay kahulugan sa kung ano ang ating pinagmulan upang mas maganda ang ating mga pananaw sa ating paroroonan.
The Pact of Biak-na-Bato, signed in 1897, created a truce between the Spanish colonial government and Emilio Aguinaldo's Philippine revolutionary forces. Under the pact, Aguinaldo and his men would go into voluntary exile in Hong Kong in exchange for amnesty and $800,000 from Spain. Spain hoped this would end the Philippine Revolution, while Aguinaldo intended to use the money to purchase more weapons. The pact was signed at Pablo Tecson's house in Bulacan.
The document discusses the history of trade in the Philippines under Spanish colonial rule. It describes how the Spaniards established the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade in the 16th century, which became the main trade route between Mexico and the Philippines. It also allowed for liberal ideas to enter the country. Later, Governor General Jose Basco y Vargas implemented economic reforms in the late 18th century to make the Philippines more self-sufficient and established a tobacco monopoly to raise government revenues.
Chapter 6 Rizals Life Works, Powerpoint PresentationsamBeltran8
Rizal departed Manila for Spain in 1882 under an assumed name to pursue further studies and secretly observe European society. He traveled through Singapore, Sri Lanka, the Suez Canal, and Marseilles before settling in Madrid to study medicine and philosophy at the Central University. There he joined a Filipino organization and the Freemasons to advocate for reform. Rizal also romanced Consuelo Ortiga y Perez but backed out to respect his friend's feelings for her. He completed his medical degree but not his doctorate due to lack of funds from his struggling family in the Philippines.
The document discusses the negative impacts of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines. It summarizes that the Spanish regarded Filipinos as inferior despite introducing Christianity, enacted discriminatory laws, imposed abusive labor systems, and had a corrupt government dominated by friars. This led to Filipinos having their rights denied and being brutalized without access to fair justice. The heroic struggles of Philippines icons were needed to achieve freedom and fight for just treatment regardless of race.
Manuel L. Quezon was the second President of the Philippines. He was born in 1878 in Baler, Philippines and attended Colegio de San Juan de Letran. Quezon believed education should develop citizens intellectually, morally, and economically to better serve the nation. His philosophy emphasized vocational education to make citizens self-sufficient. Quezon also advocated adopting Tagalog as the basis for the national language to foster national pride and unity. He proposed a national spiritual reconstruction through a moral code to build the Filipino character.
Philippine revolts against spanish colonial ruleHerbert Corpuz
This document summarizes various revolts against Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines from 1574 to 1840. It lists the name, date, location, cause, leader, and result of each revolt. The revolts were generally in response to abuses by Spanish officials, demands for religious freedom and independence, and a desire to overthrow Spanish colonial oppression. Many of the revolts failed due to being suppressed by Spanish forces, while a few leaders were pardoned or granted concessions by the Spanish. The revolts show Filipinos' continuous resistance to Spanish colonial rule over hundreds of years.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. It states that regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Colloquium - Literary Text (Sa Pula, Sa Puti ni Soc Rodrigo)oneofthosegyrls
Here's my Powerpoint Presentation for our Philippine Literature.
Literary Text (TITLE): Sa Pula, Sa Puti
Author: Francisco Soc Rodrigo
Note: Some parts of this presentation are taken from the web and I don't claim any of it. But I do make my own explanation and interpretation of the said literary text.
Thank You!!
-oneofthosegyrls
This document summarizes Republic Act 1425, also known as the Rizal Law, which mandated the inclusion of Jose Rizal's life, works, and writings in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities in the Philippines. It provides context around the proposal of the law in 1956, which aimed to strengthen Filipino nationalism and patriotism by educating youth about Rizal. The bill faced opposition from Catholic senators and organizations who argued it would undermine religious beliefs. Senator Claro Recto was a key proponent and defended the bill, arguing it did not intend to attack religion but to develop civic values. After debates, the bill was revised and eventually passed, seeking to honor
The document appears to contain a timeline of years from 1930 to 2020. It lists the decades from the 1930s through the 2020s without any additional context or information. The timeline spans 90 years in 10 year increments.
1. The document discusses Jose Rizal's annotation of Antonio de Morga's 1609 book "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" , which was one of the first published works about the Philippines under Spanish colonization.
2. Rizal annotated Morga's book to argue that pre-colonial Philippine society was prosperous and had its own culture before Spanish arrival, and that Spanish colonization exploited and ruined Philippine traditions and culture.
3. The annotation included Rizal's historical analysis of the negative impacts of Spanish colonialism in the Philippines based on Morga's accounts from the early colonial period.
The document discusses patterns of organization used in writing, specifically transitions and thought patterns. It provides examples of how transitions show logical relationships within and between sentences. It also explains that thought patterns are established through transitions to show relationships between ideas. The major thought patterns discussed are time order, space order, and listing.
The Pact of Biak-na-Bato, signed in 1897, created a truce between the Spanish colonial government and Emilio Aguinaldo's Philippine revolutionary forces. Under the pact, Aguinaldo and his men would go into voluntary exile in Hong Kong in exchange for amnesty and $800,000 from Spain. Spain hoped this would end the Philippine Revolution, while Aguinaldo intended to use the money to purchase more weapons. The pact was signed at Pablo Tecson's house in Bulacan.
The document discusses the history of trade in the Philippines under Spanish colonial rule. It describes how the Spaniards established the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade in the 16th century, which became the main trade route between Mexico and the Philippines. It also allowed for liberal ideas to enter the country. Later, Governor General Jose Basco y Vargas implemented economic reforms in the late 18th century to make the Philippines more self-sufficient and established a tobacco monopoly to raise government revenues.
Chapter 6 Rizals Life Works, Powerpoint PresentationsamBeltran8
Rizal departed Manila for Spain in 1882 under an assumed name to pursue further studies and secretly observe European society. He traveled through Singapore, Sri Lanka, the Suez Canal, and Marseilles before settling in Madrid to study medicine and philosophy at the Central University. There he joined a Filipino organization and the Freemasons to advocate for reform. Rizal also romanced Consuelo Ortiga y Perez but backed out to respect his friend's feelings for her. He completed his medical degree but not his doctorate due to lack of funds from his struggling family in the Philippines.
The document discusses the negative impacts of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines. It summarizes that the Spanish regarded Filipinos as inferior despite introducing Christianity, enacted discriminatory laws, imposed abusive labor systems, and had a corrupt government dominated by friars. This led to Filipinos having their rights denied and being brutalized without access to fair justice. The heroic struggles of Philippines icons were needed to achieve freedom and fight for just treatment regardless of race.
Manuel L. Quezon was the second President of the Philippines. He was born in 1878 in Baler, Philippines and attended Colegio de San Juan de Letran. Quezon believed education should develop citizens intellectually, morally, and economically to better serve the nation. His philosophy emphasized vocational education to make citizens self-sufficient. Quezon also advocated adopting Tagalog as the basis for the national language to foster national pride and unity. He proposed a national spiritual reconstruction through a moral code to build the Filipino character.
Philippine revolts against spanish colonial ruleHerbert Corpuz
This document summarizes various revolts against Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines from 1574 to 1840. It lists the name, date, location, cause, leader, and result of each revolt. The revolts were generally in response to abuses by Spanish officials, demands for religious freedom and independence, and a desire to overthrow Spanish colonial oppression. Many of the revolts failed due to being suppressed by Spanish forces, while a few leaders were pardoned or granted concessions by the Spanish. The revolts show Filipinos' continuous resistance to Spanish colonial rule over hundreds of years.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. It states that regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Colloquium - Literary Text (Sa Pula, Sa Puti ni Soc Rodrigo)oneofthosegyrls
Here's my Powerpoint Presentation for our Philippine Literature.
Literary Text (TITLE): Sa Pula, Sa Puti
Author: Francisco Soc Rodrigo
Note: Some parts of this presentation are taken from the web and I don't claim any of it. But I do make my own explanation and interpretation of the said literary text.
Thank You!!
-oneofthosegyrls
This document summarizes Republic Act 1425, also known as the Rizal Law, which mandated the inclusion of Jose Rizal's life, works, and writings in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities in the Philippines. It provides context around the proposal of the law in 1956, which aimed to strengthen Filipino nationalism and patriotism by educating youth about Rizal. The bill faced opposition from Catholic senators and organizations who argued it would undermine religious beliefs. Senator Claro Recto was a key proponent and defended the bill, arguing it did not intend to attack religion but to develop civic values. After debates, the bill was revised and eventually passed, seeking to honor
The document appears to contain a timeline of years from 1930 to 2020. It lists the decades from the 1930s through the 2020s without any additional context or information. The timeline spans 90 years in 10 year increments.
1. The document discusses Jose Rizal's annotation of Antonio de Morga's 1609 book "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" , which was one of the first published works about the Philippines under Spanish colonization.
2. Rizal annotated Morga's book to argue that pre-colonial Philippine society was prosperous and had its own culture before Spanish arrival, and that Spanish colonization exploited and ruined Philippine traditions and culture.
3. The annotation included Rizal's historical analysis of the negative impacts of Spanish colonialism in the Philippines based on Morga's accounts from the early colonial period.
The document discusses patterns of organization used in writing, specifically transitions and thought patterns. It provides examples of how transitions show logical relationships within and between sentences. It also explains that thought patterns are established through transitions to show relationships between ideas. The major thought patterns discussed are time order, space order, and listing.
Itong modyul ng pangkatuto ay makakatulong sa mga-aaral tungkol sa pananalakay ng hukbo ng mga Hapones sa Pilipinas noong Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig. Dito dn makikita ang mga labanang naganap sa pagitan ng Allied Forces at Japan.
1. Pangalan: Taon at Pangkat:
Panimulang Gawain:
Masdan ang mga larawan. Pagpangkat pangkatin at ihanay ang mga produktong ito ayon sa inyong
pagkakaunawa. Ipaliwanag ang ginawang pagpapangkat gamit ang talaan sa ibaba.
Grado 7 Mga Saksi ng Kasaysayang Pilipino
Markahan 4 Ang Republika mula noong 1946
Modyul 2 Hamon sa Pagsasarili sa Ekonomiya at Ugnayang Panlabas
Mga Gawain 1. Konsepto ng kasarinlang pangekonomiya
2. Kahulugan ng independiyenteng ugnayang panlabas
3. Mga hamon sa pagsasarili
4. Mga mungkahing hakbang bilang tugon sa hamon ng bansa
5. Kaugnayan ng kasarinlang pangekonomiya sa kabuuang kasarinlan
PANGKAT A PANGKAT B
2. MGA TANONG:
1. Ano ang naging batayan sa pagpapangkat ng mga produkto sa larawan?
2. Aling pangkat ng mga produkto ang makapagbibigay ng mas malaking pakinabang sa kabuhayan.
Patunayan.
3. Tukuyin ang pangkat ng mga produkto na mas nakatutulong sa ekonomiya ng bansang Pilipinas?
Pangatwiranan.
4. Alin sa mga produktong binanggit ang maituturing na agrikultural? Industriyal?
5. Paano nakaaapekto sa ekonomiya ng isang bansa ang uri ng produktong kanilang ginagawa?
TRANSISYON SA SUSUNOD NA GAWAIN
Matapos nating mailahad ang mga produkto at ang epekto nito sa ekonomiya ng isang bansa, inaaasahang
mauunawaan natin ang hamon sa pagsasarili sa mga talumpati ng ilang kilalang lider na bansa noong 1950’s
hanggang 1960’s. Mahihinuha sa mga sipi ang iba’t ibang punto de bista nina Claro M. Recto, Carlos P. Garcia
at Lorenzo M. Tañada.
Panlinang na Gawain:
ARALIN 1 Nasyonalismong Pang-ekonomiya
Pakinggan/basahin ang talumpati nina Claro M. Recto, Carlos P. Garcia at Lorenzo M. Tañada.
1. Para sa Pangkat 1, unawain ang dalawang sipi mula sa talumpati ni Claro M Recto. Magsagawa
ng brainstorming at sagutin ang mga katanungan sa talaan.
2. Si Claro M. Recto ay dating senador sa panahon niya. Isa sa mga komisyunado na ipinadala ng
Pilipinas sa pakikipag-ugnayang panlabas.
3.
4. PAGLINANG NA GAWAIN:
2. Para sa Pangkat 2, unawain ang sipi ng talumpati ni dating Pangulong Carlos P. Garcia..
Magsagawa ng brainstorming at sagutin ang mga katanungan sa talaan
Sipi #3 Mula sa sipi ng talumpati ni CARLOS P. GARCIA, Filipino First Movement, 1961
5.
6. SIPI #4 Mula sa sipi ng talumpati ni Lorenzo M. Tañada, “The Folklore of Colonialism”, 1961
PAGLINANG NA GAWAIN:
Si Lorenzo Tañada ay naging senador mula noong 1947 hanggang 1972.
7. Glosari
accomplice – kasabwat
avalanche of dollars – mabilisan at malakihang pagpasok ng dolyar
capitalism - uri/sistemang pang -ekonomiya
circumvent - iwasan
entrepreneurs - namumuhunan, nagnenegosyo
exploitation - abuso
foreign investment - dayuhang pamumuhunan
Genuinely - tapat
monopolize – pagkontrol
myth – walang katotohanang paniniwala
public envision – inaasahang Makita ng publiko/mamamayan
tariff laws - batas sa pagbubuwis sa produkto
Mga Tanong/Gawain Mga Sagot
1. Ilahad ang kahulugan ng
Foreign Investment at ng
Filipino Capitalism.
2. Isa-isahin ang mga mabuti at
di mabuting dulot ng foreign
investment ayon kay Sen.
Tañada.
3. Alin ang mas nakabubuti sa
bansa, foreign investment o
Filipino capitalism? Bakit?
4. Ipaliwanag ang kanyang
kabuuang pananaw tungkol sa
Nasyonalismong Pang-
ekonomiya.
ARALIN 2 Independienteng Patakaran sa Ugnayang Panlabas
PAGLINANG NA GAWAIN
1. Basahin ang sipi.
Sipi. Mula sa Ikatlong SONA(State of the Nation Address) ni Pangulong Carlos P. Garcia, Enero 25, 1960.
8.
9. Pangwakas na Gawain:
Pangwakas:
Ang hamon ng pagsasariling pang-ekonomiya ng Pilipinas ay nagdala ng mas malalim na damdaming
nasyonalismo sa bawat mamamayan na pinangunahan ng mga lider ng bansa tungo sa isang malaya at
matatag na pakikipag-ugnayang panlabas. Masasalamin dito na ang progreso ay bunga ng matibay na
pagkakakilanlan ng kanyang mamamayan. Sa susunod na gawain ay paghahambing-hambingin natin ang
pananaw ng mga lider ng bansa sa nasyonalismong pang-ekonomiya, at maipakikita ang pag-unawa at
pagpapahalaga dito sa iba’t ibang paraan.
