The document provides an overview of wound classifications, including closed and open wounds, and outlines their causes, symptoms, and first aid management strategies. It also details types of burns and their treatments, emphasizing thermal, chemical, and electrical burns, and common causes of these injuries. Additionally, it discusses specific body injuries and bandaging techniques, highlighting the importance of proper first aid response to prevent complications such as hemorrhage, infection, and shock.

2. TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF WOUNDS:
is a break in the continuity of a tissue of the body either
internal or external.
1. Closed Wound – it involves the underlying tissue without
break/damage in the skin or mucous membrane.
WOUND
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3. Causes:
Blunt object result in contusion or bruises. Application of external forces
such as motor vehicle accidents and falls.
Signs and Symptoms:
Pain and Tenderness
Swelling
Discoloration
Hematoma
Uncontrolled restlessness
Blood in the urine and feces
Sign of blood along the mouth, nose ear canal
Thirst
Vomiting or cough up blood

4. FIRST AID MANAGEMENT:
I - Ice application
C - Compression
E - Elevation
S - Splinting

5. 2. Open Wound – it is a break in the skin or mucus membrane; or
the protective skin layer is damage.
Classification of OPEN WOUND
P - Puncture
A - Abrasion
L - Laceration
A - Avulsion
I - Incision
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11. FIRST AID MANAGEMENT(wound with severe bleeding)
 Control Bleeding
 Cover the wound with dressing and secure with bandage
 Care for shock
 Consult or refer to physician

12. First Aid Management(wound with bleeding not severe)
 Clean the wound with soap and water
 Apply mild antiseptics
 Cover the wound with dressing and bandage

13. Dangers:
 Haemorrhage
 Infection
 Shock
Kinds of Bleeding:
 Arterial Bleeding
 Venous Bleeding
 Capillary Bleeding

14. Factors to determine the seriousness of burns:
1. The Depth
Superficial (First-degree) burns
Partial-thickness (Second-degree) burns
Full-thickness (Third-degree) burns
is an injury involving the skin, including muscles, bones, nerves and blood
vessels. This results from heat, chemicals, electricity or solar or other forms of
radiation.
2. The extent to the affected body surface area.
3. Location of the burns.
4. Victim’s age and medical condition
BURNS
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15. TYPES OF BURN INJURIES:
1. Thermal Burns 2. Chemical Burns
3. Electrical Burns
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16. Common Causes:
1. Carelessness with match and cigarette smoking.
2. Scald from hot liquid.
3. Defective heating, cooking and electrical equipment
4. Immersion in overheated bath water.
5. Use of such chemicals as lye, strong acids and detergents

17. THERMAL BURNS – contact with hot objects, flammable vapor that
ignites and causes a flash or an explosion, and steams or hot
liquid are other common causes of burns.
Care for Thermal Burns (first and second degree):
1. Relieve pain by immersing the burned area in cold water or by
applying a wet cold cloth.
2. Let the victim drink cold water to reduce the burned skin
temperature.
3. Cover the burn area with a dry, non sticking sterile or a clean cloth.

18. Care for Thermal Burn (third degree)
1. Cover the burn with a dry, non sticking, sterile dressing or a clean
cloth.
2. Treat the victim for shock by elevating the legs and keeping the
victim warm with a clean sheet or blanket.
CHEMICAL BURNS – chemicals will continue to cause tissue
destruction until the chemical agents is removed
Care for Chemical Burns:
1. Immediately remove the chemical by flushing with water.
2. Remove the victim’s contaminated clothing while flushing with
water.

19. 3. Flush for 20 minutes or longer. Let the victim wash with mild
soap before a final rinse.
4. Cover the burn area with a dry dressing or for large areas, a
clean pillow.
5. If the chemical is in the eyes, flush it for at least 20 minutes,
using low pressure.
6. Seek medical attention immediately for all chemical burns.

20. ELECTRICAL BURNS – the injury severity from exposure to electrical
current depends on the type of current (direct or alternating), the voltage,
the area of the body exposed, and the duration of contact.
Care for Electrical Burns:
1. Unplug, disconnect, or turn off the power.
2. Check CABs, provide rescue breathing or CPR
3. If the victim fell, check for spine injury.
4. Treat the victim for shock.
5. Seek medical attention immediately.

21. SPECIFIC BODY INJURIES:
a. Blows to the Eyes
b. Eye Knocked Out
c. Foreign Object

22. d. Impaled Objects
e. Nose Bleeds
f. Knocked Out Tooth

23. g. Amputation
h. Sucking Chest Wound
i. Abdominal Injuries

24. 1. Pass the left end (dark) over and
under the right.
2. Bring both ends up again.
3. Pass the right end (dark) over
and under the left.
4. Pull the ends firmly to
tighten; tuck ends.
Tying a Square Knot
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25. 2. Hold the knot; pull the end
through it and out.
1. Pull one end and one
piece of bandage apart.
Untying a Square Knot
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Province of Lanao del Norte

26. USES OF TRIANGULAR BANDAGE:
A. Open Phase
1. Head (topside)
2. Hand/Foot
3. Face; Back of the Head
4. Chest; Back of the Chest
B. Cravat Phase
1. Forehead/Eye
2. Shoulder/Hip
3. Palm Pressure
4. Ear/Cheek/Jaw
5. Arm/Leg
6. Palm Bandage

27. BANDAGING TECHNIQUE:
Open Phase:
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Head (Topside)

28. PROVINCIAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
Province of Lanao del Norte
BANDAGING TECHNIQUE:
Open Phase:
Face, back of the head

29. BANDAGING TECHNIQUE
Open Phase:
PROVINCIAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
Province of Lanao del Norte
Chest; back of the chest

30. PROVINCIAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
Province of Lanao del Norte
Open Phase:
Hand, foot

31. Cravat Phase:
PROVINCIAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
Province of Lanao del Norte
A. Forehead B. Ear, Cheek and Jaw

32. PROVINCIAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
Province of Lanao del Norte
Cravat Phase:
Shoulder

33. Cravat Phase:
Arm and leg
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Province of Lanao del Norte

34. PROVINCIAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
Province of Lanao del Norte
Cravat Phase:
A. B.
A. Open Palm Bandage; B. Palm
Pressure Bandage
A.
B.

35. End of Module 4
Thank you…