Modals of necessity and obligation

1. Zahra Mottaghi
Modals
Lesson one

2. Let’s think about modals
Name some modals.
What are the uses of modals?
How do we use them?

3. Subject + modal verb+ bare infinitive (Base verb)

4. Sentence structures
Positive sentences
Subject + modal verb+ base verb+… .
Negative
Subject + modal verb + not +base verb+… .
Question
Modal verb+ subject + base verb+… ?
01
02
03

5. Different uses of modals:
Permission
Ability
Obligation
Prohibition
Lack of necessity
Advice
Possibility
Probability

6. Degree Present/future
Negative
(prohibition)
Past
Very strong
Less strong
Strong Advisab
ility
Must Mustn’t Had to
Have to Mustn’t
Had batter Had better not *not common
Advisability Should/ ought Shouldn’t *Should(n’t) have
No obligation Don’t have to --- Didn’t have to
Had to

7. --
t)
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