Mise en scene refers to everything visible within a film frame, including color, lighting, costumes, props, sets, and actor positioning and performance. It describes how directors purposefully organize visual elements to create meaning and mood. Key aspects of mise en scene are symbolic use of color; props that dress sets or are handled by actors; on-set or location filming; purposeful scene dressing; actor blocking in relation to other actors and the camera; performance elements like gesture and expression; approaches to lighting including high-key, low-key, and ambient lighting.